Biomedical Letters最新文献_第6页

CRISPER/CAS: A potential tool for genomes editing CRISPER/CAS:基因组编辑的潜在工具

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-11-12 DOI: 10.47262//bl/7.2.20210711

Maria Fayyaz, Aqsa Iqbal, M. Maqsood, Haseeb Akram

{"title":"CRISPER/CAS: A potential tool for genomes editing","authors":"Maria Fayyaz, Aqsa Iqbal, M. Maqsood, Haseeb Akram","doi":"10.47262//bl/7.2.20210711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262//bl/7.2.20210711","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to engineer genomes presents a significant opportunity for applied biology research. In 2050, the population of this world is expected to reach 9.6 billion residents; rising food with better quality is the most promising approach to food security. Compared to earlier methodologies including Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) plus Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), which were expensive as well as time-consuming, innovation in Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and related CRISPR (Cas) protein classifications allowed selective editing of genes for the enhancement of food. The basic mechanism of CRISPR Cas9 process and its applications on genome editing has been summarized in this manuscript. The method relies on Sequence-Specific Nucleases (SSNs) to create Double Stranded Breaks (DSB) of DNA at the locus of genome defined by user, mended by using one of two DNA mending ways: Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) or Homology Directed Repair (HDR). Cas9, an RNA-guided endonuclease, was used to produce stable knock-in and knock-out mutants. The focus of this effort is to explore the CRISPR Cas9 genome editing to manage gene expression and improve future editing success. This adaptable technique can be consumed for a wide range of applications of genome editing requiring high precision. Advances in this technology have sparked renewed interest in the possibilities for editing genome in plants.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by the native communities of Murree, Pakistan 巴基斯坦Murree土著社区用于治疗皮肤病的药用植物的民族植物学研究

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.2.20210630

Husna Arshad, B. Parveen, R. Batool, Fozia Bibi, Nidaa, Harun, K. Fatima, Darima Habib

{"title":"An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases by the native communities of Murree, Pakistan","authors":"Husna Arshad, B. Parveen, R. Batool, Fozia Bibi, Nidaa, Harun, K. Fatima, Darima Habib","doi":"10.47262/bl/7.2.20210630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/7.2.20210630","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to document traditional medicinal plants (including their applications and associated procedures) used to treat skin diseases by native communities of Murree Hills (Pakistan). Data was collected from 5 different sampling sites and 138 informants were interviewed. Respondents were queried in their local language for the type of herbal treatment, famous to that area. It was observed that elderly people and health practitioners of the study area possessed more knowledge about herbal remedies in contrast to young aged people. Results reported that total 56 plants belonging to 36 families and 54 genera were in use by local communities for treatment of multiple skin diseases. It was detected that herbs (41%) constituted the highest proportion of medicinal plants followed by shrubs. Leaves were most reported plant part (43 %) followed by fruits (20%), whereas infusion (30%) was a widely used mode of preparation of traditional remedies and direct application on skin was the dominant route of administration. Relative frequency citation (RFC) was recorded highest for Mentha royleana (0.913) and least for Ajuga bracteosa (0.369). Cluster analysis grouped these medicinal species into high, medium and low-ranking groups. High ranking group comprised of 18 medicinal plants, which reflected the popularity and trust of local communities of these plants. Therefore, further pharmacological studies are highly recommended. This study is first proper documentation based on the valuable information attained by the local tribes and it can be utilized by scientific community for further validation and characterization.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83878002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mode of inheritance of syndactyly in selected human families in Bahawalnagar, Pakistan 巴基斯坦巴哈瓦尔纳加尔地区某些人类家庭中并趾遗传模式的研究

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-10-17 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.2.20210609

Muhammad Najam-ul-Hassan Khan, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Shozab Khan, Hina Naz, A. Waheed, Hasnain Akmal, M. Wajid

{"title":"Mode of inheritance of syndactyly in selected human families in Bahawalnagar, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Najam-ul-Hassan Khan, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Shozab Khan, Hina Naz, A. Waheed, Hasnain Akmal, M. Wajid","doi":"10.47262/bl/7.2.20210609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/7.2.20210609","url":null,"abstract":"Syndactyly is joining or merging of web in feet and hands digits. It is inherited by autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, x-linked, and y-linked manner. Its prevalence is around 1 in 2000 live birth. Non-syndromic syndactyly is classified into nine types. In this study, we find out prevalence, percentage, types, and mode of inheritance of syndactyly in families of district Bahawalnagar. The survey was carried out in hospitals, schools, and villages of district Bahawalnagar to find out the patients with congenital syndactyly. Three families with cousin marriages were selected for pedigrees. These families had 2:1 of foot and hand syndactyly. The percentage of complete and incomplete syndactyly was recorded 50% in all families. The mode of inheritance was autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive pattern because of two types of syndactyly type I (SD1) and syndactyly type I-c. In families Bwn1, Bwn2, and Bwn3 the percentage of family members associated with syndactyly was 16%, 9.7%, and 6.89% respectively. It was further noted that all male members of all families were affected with syndactyly. This study finds out the type I (SD1) and type I-c syndactyly in the studied sample population.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83296419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive evolutionary analyses of the COVID-19 pandemic in twelve most affected countries 12个受影响最严重国家COVID-19大流行的适应性进化分析

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20210807

引用次数: 1

Ecological wastewater treatment system: Management approach to solve sanitation and water problems 生态污水处理系统:解决卫生和水问题的管理方法

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20210721

{"title":"Ecological wastewater treatment system: Management approach to solve sanitation and water problems","authors":"","doi":"10.47262/bl/7.1.20210721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/7.1.20210721","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater contains various types of pollutants, such as nutrients, solids, organic carbon, metals, inorganic salts, pathogens, etc. Therefore, effective wastewater treatment is crucial for public health as well as for environmental concern. On the other hand, water management with limited water resources is a great challenge in most countries. The freshwater shortage is seriously affecting the economic and social growth of developing nations. An ecological wastewater treatment system is a concept towards ecologically and economically sounds wastewater management. Water and organic nutrients in wastewater consider as a resource and can reuse and recycle in agriculture. The study reviewed the principles and concepts of the ecological wastewater treatment system and a case study of the ecological treatment system by growing economic vegetation. A hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system was used to investigate the performance. The CW system showed high removal efficiency for TP (total phosphorus), NH4 (ammonium), and TN (total nitrogen). The removal efficiencies were 97%, 75%, and 64% for TP, NH4-N, and TN, respectively. Ecological wastewater treatment system is cost-effective, and energy-saving also offers nutrients recycling, water reuse, recreation activities, and vegetation growth.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85288665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Tribulus terrestris extract and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria 蒺藜提取物绿色合成金纳米颗粒及其对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.2.20210617

Nighat Nawaz, Irshad Ahmad, S. G. Patching, Iqbal, Hussain

{"title":"Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Tribulus terrestris extract and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria","authors":"Nighat Nawaz, Irshad Ahmad, S. G. Patching, Iqbal, Hussain","doi":"10.47262/bl/7.2.20210617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/7.2.20210617","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous extract of the plant Tribulus terrestris was used to reduce chloroauric acid for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this green synthesis, the reaction proceeded to give a red/purple color that was monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry, where the formed AuNPs had an absorption band with max of 550 nm. In terms of the highest absorbance at 550 nm, reaction conditions were optimized at a temperature of 75°C, at pH 7 and using a reaction time of 4 h. The integrity of the synthesized AuNPs was confirmed and their physical properties were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which also showed evidence that plant metabolites contributed to capping or stabilization of the AuNPs. XRD spectra suggested a particle size of around 40 nm and SEM images revealed spherical and relatively uniform and disperse particles with a size of less than 0.1 m. In a broth microdilution assay, the AuNPs showed inhibitory effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, but not against Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis. The AuNPs showed no hemagglutination activity or cytotoxic activity against human blood cells, which is important for them to be explored as therapeutic antibacterial agents.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87900245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Immunological considerations and vaccines against COVID-19 针对COVID-19的免疫学考虑和疫苗

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20210501

引用次数: 1

COVID-19 in children: A review 儿童COVID-19:综述

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20210511

引用次数: 0

A revolution by recombinant DNA technology to improve the quality of life 重组DNA技术的革命提高了生活质量

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20201223

引用次数: 0

Overview of Vitamin D, its status and consequences: Challenges and prospects for Pakistani population: A Review 维生素D概述，其现状和后果:巴基斯坦人口的挑战和前景:综述

Biomedical Letters Pub Date : 2021-01-07 DOI: 10.47262/bl/7.1.20201114

Muhammad Taimur Siddique, Ahmed Hafeez, Sadaf Mearaj, Shabbar Abbas

{"title":"Overview of Vitamin D, its status and consequences: Challenges and prospects for Pakistani population: A Review","authors":"Muhammad Taimur Siddique, Ahmed Hafeez, Sadaf Mearaj, Shabbar Abbas","doi":"10.47262/bl/7.1.20201114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/7.1.20201114","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D, like other vitamins, is an essential micronutrient required for proper human metabolic function. It refers to a group of compounds, the most important of which are D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D is acquired from two main sources, synthesis in lower layers of the skin triggered by exposure to the sun (90%) and through diet (10%). Vitamin D levels can be determined by measuring 25(OH)D concentration in the serum and deficiencies are responsible for a wide range of issues including bone-related problems, depression, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, cardio and respiratory problems, infections, autism and obesity. Synthesis in the body can be affected by a variety of factors including skin color, age, lifestyle, clothing, weather and even general health illiteracy. In terms of diet, the staple foods of the Pakistani population are generally deficient in vitamin D. As a result, a significant proportion of the Pakistani population, in particular women and children, suffer from vitamin D deficiency. The various challenges that need to be addressed to overcome this issue are discussed, along with potentially employable strategies such as food fortification (for example by micro and nano encapsulation technologies) and bio fortification.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86991985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0