Journal of HIV and AIDSPub Date : 2017-01-01Epub Date: 2016-11-25DOI: 10.16966/2380-5536.134
Angela M Bayer, Chanelle M Díaz, Marina Chiappe, Amira N Baker, Miguel S Egoavil, José E Pérez-Lu, Pamina M Gorbach, Patricia J García
{"title":"The odyssey of linking to and staying in HIV care among male sex workers in Peru.","authors":"Angela M Bayer, Chanelle M Díaz, Marina Chiappe, Amira N Baker, Miguel S Egoavil, José E Pérez-Lu, Pamina M Gorbach, Patricia J García","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.134","DOIUrl":"10.16966/2380-5536.134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Peru, there is little information about the HIV care continuum. Therefore, we conducted a study to describe the HIV care continuum among male sex workers (MSWs) in Lima.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied close-ended surveys with 209 MSWs about their engagement in the HIV care continuum and open-ended surveys with 34 MSWs who are people living with HIV (PLHIV) to explore their linkage to and retention in HIV care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 209 MSWs, only 71% (n=148) reported a lifetime HIV test and 56% (n=116) of all MSWs received confirmatory HIV test results. Of the 34 MSWs who are PLHIV, 76% had received HIV care at least once, but only 59% were currently in care, 50% were currently taking ART(antiretroviral therapy) and an even lower 32% had been on ART for 6 months or more. The primary reason for non-linkage to HIV care is the multiple visits to link at the Ministry of Health (MOH). Remaining in care was also challenging, particularly at non-governmental organizations (NGOs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substantial barriers linking to and remaining in HIV care result in significant delays in linkage and high proportions of PLHIV that remain unlinked or become unstably linked following initial linkage. Urgent implementation science research is needed to facilitate linkage to HIV care and strengthen retention in HIV care post-linkage.</p>","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708583/pdf/nihms845154.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35219569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Swendeman, Shu C. Farmer, D. Mindry, Sung-Jae Lee, M. Medich
{"title":"HIV Care Providers’ Attitudes regarding Mobile Phone Applications and Web-Based Dashboards to support Patient Self-Management and Care Coordination: Results from a Qualitative Feasibility Study","authors":"D. Swendeman, Shu C. Farmer, D. Mindry, Sung-Jae Lee, M. Medich","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.127","url":null,"abstract":"In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with healthcare providers (HCPs) from five HIV medical care coordination teams in a large Los Angeles County HIV clinic, including physicians, nurses, and psychosocial services providers. HCPs reported on the potential utility, acceptability, and barriers for patient self-monitoring and notifications via mobile phones, and web-based dashboards for HCPs. Potential benefits included: 1) enhancing patient engagement, motivation, adherence, and self-management; and 2) improving provider-patient relationships and HCP care coordination. Newly diagnosed and patients with co-morbidities were highest priorities for mobile application support. Facilitators included universal mobile phone ownership and use of smartphones or text messaging. Patient-level barriers included concerns about low motivation and financial instability for consistent use by some patients. Organizational barriers, cited primarily by physicians, included concerns about privacy protections, easy dashboard access, non-integrated electronic records, and competing burdens in limited appointment times. Psychosocial services providers were most supportive of the proposed mobile tools.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of HIV and AIDSPub Date : 2016-05-01Epub Date: 2016-05-11DOI: 10.16966/2380-5536.126
Xiaosha Pang, Jun Panee
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Function of <i>Phyllostachys Edulis</i> Extract in the Hippocampus of HIV-1 Transgenic Rats.","authors":"Xiaosha Pang, Jun Panee","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV induces neuroinflammation. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of an extract from bamboo <i>Phyllostachys edulis</i> in the hippocampus of HIV-1 transgenic (TG) rats. Five (5) one-month-old TG rats and 5 Fisher 344 (F344) rats were fed a control diet, another 5 TG rats were fed the control diet supplemented with bamboo extract (BEX, 11 grams dry mass per 4057 Kcal). After 9 months of dietary treatment, the gene and protein expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and the protein expression p65 and c-Jun were analyzed in the hippocampus. Compared to the F344 rats, the TG rats fed control diet showed significantly higher protein expression of GFAP and c-Jun, and mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β. BEX supplement to the TG rats significantly lowered protein expressions of GFAP, p65, and c-Jun, and showed a trend to decrease the protein expression of IL-1β. Compared to the TG rats, TG+BEX rats also downregulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β and TNFα. In summary, neuroinflammation mediated by the NFκB and AP-1 pathways in the hippocampus of the TG rats was effectively abolished by dietary supplement of BEX.</p>","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4938001/pdf/nihms788785.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34655463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moka Yoo-Jeong, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde, Katryna McCoy, R. Ownby
{"title":"A Structural Equation Model of HIV-related Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, and Medication Adherence.","authors":"Moka Yoo-Jeong, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde, Katryna McCoy, R. Ownby","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.123","url":null,"abstract":"Adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) remains critical in management of HIV infection. This study evaluated depression as a potential mechanism by which HIV-related symptoms affect medication adherence and explored if particular clusters of HIV symptoms are susceptible to this mechanism. Baseline data from a multi-visit intervention study were analyzed among 124 persons living with HIV (PLWH). A bifactor model showed two clusters of HIV-related symptom distress: general HIV-related symptoms and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Structural equation modeling showed that both general HIV-related symptoms and GI symptoms were related to higher levels of depressive symptoms, and higher levels of depressive symptoms were related to lower levels of medication adherence. Although general HIV-related symptoms and GI symptoms were not directly related to adherence, they were indirectly associated with adherence via depression. The findings highlight the importance of early recognition and evaluation of symptoms of depression, as well as the underlying physical symptoms that might cause depression, to improve medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"2 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Orphanhood by AIDS-Related Causes and Child Mental Health: A Developmental Psychopathology Approach.","authors":"C. Sharp, C. Jardin, L. Marais, M. Boivin","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.114","url":null,"abstract":"While the number of new HIV infections has declined, the number of orphans as a result of AIDS-related deaths continues to increase. The aim of this paper was to systematically review empirical research on the mental health of children affected by HIV/AIDS in the developing world, specifically with an eye on developing a theoretical framework to guide intervention and research. Articles for review were gathered by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA standards), reviewed and then organized and synthesized with a Developmental Psychopathology framework. Results showed that the immediate and longterm effects of AIDS orphanhood are moderated by a number of important risk and protective factors that may serve as strategic targets for intervention. Research and clinical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67391977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}