Journal of HIV and AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal Analysis to Assess the Contribution of the Multi-Month Scripting (MMS) Regime on ART Outcomes among Adult (15+) Persons Living with HIV in Zimbabwe","authors":"Sanhokwe H, S. P., C. F","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and its Risk Associations in Older Mexicans Living with HIV","authors":"Díaz-Ramos Ja, Munoz-Morales Jl, Torresyap Pm, P Velazquez-Izazaga, S. Garnes-Rancurello, C. Fraga-Ávila, L. González-Hernández, J. Andrade-Villanueva","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.168","url":null,"abstract":"The mean age of the participants was 57.59 ± 7.8, and 13.8% were obese. Participants with obesity were more likely to have a CD4+ count <200 cell/mm3 (75%), and 50% were woman. The presence of frailty and depression was 21.4% and 19.8% respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed a positive association between obesity and being a woman, independently of CD4+, age at diagnosis of HIV and depression (OR 5.559, 95% CI 1.753-17.63, P=0.004) (Table 1).","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant Feeding Practice and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Mothers in Jigjiga Town, Ethiopia","authors":"L. Mideksa, B. Abdissa","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.169","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breastfeeding is a pillar of child survival. However, since the early 1980’s when it was discovered that HIV could be transmitted to infants through human milk, the healthfulness of breastfeeding has been questioned because of the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The rate of transmission through breast feeding of the disease is 5-20%. The two postnatal strategies to prevent MTCT are exclusive replacement feeding and exclusive replacement feeding. Nonetheless, some factors like HIV status disclosure, socio-cultural influence and knowledge of the mother about MTCT through breast feeding are known to influence feeding practices. Objective: Infant feeding practice and associated factors among HIV positive mothers who are attending health institution in Jigjiga town, Ethiopia. Method: A cross sectional quantitative study was conducted among HIV positive mothers in health institution with ART and PMTCT facilities in Jigjiga town from February to March, 2015. Bivariate and a multiple logistic regression were employed to see the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Result: The current study demonstrated that (93.6%) of the respondents were practices exclusive breast feeding while small proportion (6.4%) of HIV positive mothers had practice of mixed feeding. Concerning feeding practice after delivery, (6.4%) mothers gave their infants liquids or food before initiating breastfeeding. As to this finding revealed mothers decision on infant feeding was influenced by various predictors. Regarding to disclose HIV status, those respondents who were less disclosed their HIV status was significantly associated with mixed feeding practice. Conclusion and Recommendations: As to this finding revealed after delivery, (6.4%) mothers gave their infants liquids or food before initiating breastfeeding. Health workers and supporters should provide continuous infant feeding options to HIV positive mothers to enhance compliance to exclusive breastfeeding and encourage and assist HIV positive mothers to disclose their HIV status to their husband/spouse. To select safer infant feeding options, mothers’ decision should be respected, and influencing mothers’ to introduce other food to the infant should be avoided.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with ART Outcomes among Adult (15+) Persons Living with HIV in Zimbabwe in the Multi-Month Scripting (MMS) Regime","authors":"H. Sanhokwe, P. Shabangu, Fastel Chipepa","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.164","url":null,"abstract":"patients with working functional status. As expected, TB co-infected clients also had higher odds of experiencing treatment failure [AHR=3.06; 95% CI: (1.72 ± 5.44)]. The study further showed that patients who developed TB after ART initiation had higher odds to experience treatment failure as compared to their counter parts [AHR=4.35; 95% CI: (1.99 ± 9.54]. Having other opportunistic infections during ART initiation was also found to be associated with higher odds of experiencing treatment failure [AHR=7.0, 95% CI: (3.19 ± 15.37)]. Having fair [AHR=4.99 95% CI: (1.90 ± 13.13)] and poor drug adherence [AHR=2.56; 95% CI: (1.12 ± 5.86)] were significantly associated with higher odds of treatment failure as compared to clients with good adherence.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunologic and Virological Profile of Older Adult Patients Infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus starting Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Kamangu En","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.161","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: Twenty-seven subjects over the age of 50 years diagnosed with HIV Type 1 by serology in 3 treatment centers in Kinshasa during the period from 08 November 2013 to 14 February 2014 participated voluntarily in this work. After signing informed consent, blood samples were collected in 5 ml tubes with EDTA. The CD4 count and Viral Load (VL) were performed in each patient at the inclusion (D0) in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Kinshasa. The clinical and paraclinical parameters were recorded on the patient files previously designed for the work.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atypical Presentation of Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pneumonia","authors":"M. T.","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to HIV Risk and Utilization of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Health Professionals of Governmental Health Institutions in Butajira Town, Southern, Ethiopia","authors":"Mulatu G, Hussen S","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.171","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess exposure to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk and utilization of HIV Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) among health workers of governmental health institutions in Butajira town, Southern, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted at Butajira Hospital and Health Center from July to September 2017. A total of 114 Health professionals were selected using simple random sampling technique. Socio-demography and associated factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Result: Among health professionals enrolled in this study 71 (62.3%) were nurses, 14 (12.3%) midwives, 9 (7.9%) physicians, 11 (9.6%) laboratory technician/technologist, 8(7%) health officers and 1(0.9%) emergency surgeons. The observed rate of exposure to blood showed that 44.7%, nonblood body fluid 37.7% and needle stick injury 42.7%. Among exposed 6.9% were utilized PEP. The odds of PEP utilization was 8 times (COR=8.42, 95% CI=1.41-50.07) higher among those who trained on PEP than who did not trained. Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding of this study indicates that, health professional in developing countries are highly exposed for blood and needle injury due to lack of safety system regulation in routine activities and in contrary only few of them are implement HIV PEP service. Therefore, health institution in such area needs to revise health worker safety regulation system in order to effectively integrate with routine activities. In addition all health workers need be regularly refreshing their knowledge of factors leads for exposure and exercise proper implementation following exposure.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Association of Internalized HIV Stigma with Retention in HIV Care.","authors":"E. Valverde, Allan E. Rodriguez, Becky L. White, Ying Guo, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.159","url":null,"abstract":"Internalized HIV stigma plays a detrimental role in terms of linkage to HIV care and adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Yet, little is known regarding the association of internalized HIV stigma with retention in HIV care. We conducted an analysis of interview and medical record abstraction data collected from 188 HIV positive men and women receiving HIV care in Miami, Florida. Demographic characteristics, HIV risk behaviors and care related factors were used to explore the association of internalized HIV stigma with retention in care in a Poisson regression analysis. The relationship of internalized HIV stigma and retention in care was moderated by the patient's level of engagement with an HIV care provider (p=0.004) in that higher levels of provider engagement were significantly associated with higher retention in care rates among patients with moderate levels of internalized HIV stigma. Additionally, retention in care rates were lower for females than for males and for 18-44 year olds than for individuals 44 years and older. Our findings indicate that higher levels of patient-provider engagement may reduce the impact that internalized HIV stigma has on retention in HIV care for some patients. Interventions with HIV care providers or patients to enhance patient-provider engagement may be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"4 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67392543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Mood on Objective and Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS.","authors":"Moka Yoo-Jeong, Ashley Anderson, Akm Fazlur Rahman, Maya Baumann, Jade McBroom, Drenna Waldrop-Valverde","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.146","DOIUrl":"10.16966/2380-5536.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare workers commonly rely on patient self-report to identify problems with cognitive functioning among Persons Living with HIV (PLWH). Self-reported cognitive complaints may not accurately reflect objective cognitive performance and may be obscured by co-occurring depression. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationships among depression, subjective cognitive complaints, and objective cognitive performance in PLWH using measures easily administered by healthcare workers. Particularly, this study assessed the association between subjective cognitive complaints (MOS-HIV) and objective cognitive performance (mHDS) using a simple screening tool, as well as whether depressive symptoms (CES-D 10) moderated this relationship. This was a secondary data analysis of a parent study that enrolled participants (N=207) from outpatient HIV clinics in Florida between 2009 and 2011. Most participants identified themselves as African American (82.6%) and heterosexual (81.6%). Almost half of the participants were male (46.4%). Fifty-one percent of participants had a score of 10 or greater on CES-D, indicating clinical depression. This study found no association between subjective and objective cognitive measures; depressive symptoms exhibited no moderating effect on the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive performance. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with subjective perceptions of cognitive ability. Results suggest that subjective cognitive complaints may be an inadequate tool for identifying objective cognitive impairments among PLWH. Additionally, treatment of depressive symptoms may help alleviate subjective cognitive complaints.</p>","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5935453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36075613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development and Evaluation of a National School-based HIV Prevention Intervention for Primary School Children in Kenya.","authors":"Gary W Harper,&nbsp;Augusta Muthigani,&nbsp;Leah C Neubauer,&nbsp;David Simiyu,&nbsp;Alexandra G Murphy,&nbsp;Julius Ruto,&nbsp;Katie Suleta,&nbsp;Paul Muthiani","doi":"10.16966/2380-5536.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2380-5536.150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary schools in Kenya provide a promising venue for widespread delivery of HIV prevention interventions. This article describes the development and evaluation of Making Life's Responsible Choices (MLRC), a school-based HIV prevention intervention for primary school children developed through a collaborative global partnership involving multiple community stakeholders. Intervention development was informed by extensive reviews of youth-focused evidence-based HIV prevention interventions, and was rooted in both the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Cognitive Theory. MLRC includes six modules: 1) self-awareness, 2) human sexuality, 3) healthy relationships, 4) drug/alcohol abuse, 5) HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, and 6) behavior change. Class 5 pupils (N=1846; 52.1% girls, 47.9% boys; mean age = 12) attending 46 different Catholic-sponsored public and private primary schools throughout Kenya participated in the evaluation of the intervention program which was delivered in the classroom and occurred over the course of 40 weeks (one academic term). Changes in knowledge and behavioral intentions were assessed using a one-group pre-test post-test experimental design. Pupils completed module-specific assessment measures, and paired samples t-tests were used to compare changes in knowledge and behavioral intentions at the classroom level. Gender-specific analyses were also conducted. All six modules displayed statistically significant positive changes in the mean percentage of knowledge items answered correctly for the full sample, with marginal gender differences revealed. Statistically significant health-promoting changes were seen in 11 of the 18 behavioral intention items (3 per module), with gender differences also revealed. Findings suggest that implementing interventions such as MLRC has the potential to thwart the spread of HIV among youth in Kenya, and equip youth with health-promoting skills. In addition, school-based programs have the potential to become institutionalized in school settings in order to maintain their long-term sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":91542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV and AIDS","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.16966/2380-5536.150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36940461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}