International journal of biotechnology最新文献_第3页

The Microbial Profile and Contaminants of Bubugn, An Ethiopian House Hould Fermented Beverage 埃塞俄比亚酒发酵饮料Bubugn的微生物特征及污染物分析

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2018.71.17.24

Getnet Belay, Tigist Minyamer, Getinet Masresha

{"title":"The Microbial Profile and Contaminants of Bubugn, An Ethiopian House Hould Fermented Beverage","authors":"Getnet Belay, Tigist Minyamer, Getinet Masresha","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2018.71.17.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2018.71.17.24","url":null,"abstract":"Bubugn is a cereal based traditional fermented Ethiopian low alcoholic beverage. It is one of the traditional fermented beverages used for a drink of holidays, wedding ceremony and also used as a source of income. The aims of this study were to determine the microbiology, microbial contaminants and physicochemical characteristics of Bubugn. Nine Samples of Bubugn were collected from Gondar town in three district areas; Azezo (A), Arada (B) and Kebele 18 (C). Microbial counts and physicochemical analysis were enumerated using standard microbiological methods. The mean value of the pH of the samples was 4.20 + 0.14; and the mean value of moisture content was 45. 79 +1.35. The mean crude fat, ash and ethanol contents of Bubugn were 6.67 + 0.16, 4.47+ 0.40 and 1.79 + 0.13, respectively. The mean number of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds and lactic acid bacteria of Bubugn were 3.74×105 cfu/ml, 5.68 ×106 cfu/ml and 7.52×105 cfu/ml respectively. Bubugn samples were contaminated by Shigella species, E. coli and S. aureus which could be due to poor hygienic conditions related to washing of preparation material, use of contaminated water and poor personal and domestic hygiene. The collected Bubugn samples were contaminated by different microorganisms and therefore, there should be the development of an advanced technique to improve quality.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67986640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Insecticidal Activities of Five Medicinal Plant Materials against Callosobruchus Maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Infesting Cowpea Seeds in Storage 五种药用植物对豇豆种子储存库中斑蛾的杀虫活性研究

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2018.71.64.69

Luke Chinaru Nwosu, G. Ugagu, A. Eluwa, T. Arotolu, O. Obi, Daniel D. Adanyi, V. Okereke, Vivian A. Azoro, Kalu U. Ukpai, Gospel U. Nzewuihe, I. A. Lawal, O. A. Uwalaka

引用次数: 2

Antihyperglycemic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Zingiber Officinale, Cinnamonum Zeylanicum and their Combination in Experimental Rats 黄姜、肉桂水提物及其复方对实验大鼠的降糖作用

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.57.2018.71.25.30

Muhammad Usman, A. J. Alhassan, Hauwa Sa ad

引用次数: 1

The role of scientists in policy-making regarding agricultural biotechnology: from traditional to alternative views 科学家在农业生物技术政策制定中的作用:从传统观点到替代观点

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-06-21 DOI: 10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004750

Z. Kulichova, H. Coumou, Mahaletchumy Arujanan, C. Wehrmann, P. Osseweijer

{"title":"The role of scientists in policy-making regarding agricultural biotechnology: from traditional to alternative views","authors":"Z. Kulichova, H. Coumou, Mahaletchumy Arujanan, C. Wehrmann, P. Osseweijer","doi":"10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004750","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists have always played an important role in informing policy decisions. However, many controversial policy problems regarding science and technology, such as agricultural biotechnology, are often characterised by low value consensus and high level of complexity. In these circumstances various policy actors legitimate their policy preferences using science. In this article, we challenge the linear model of science and policy and argue that the stakeholder model of science in policy is more appropriate for governance of controversial policy problems regarding science and technology. We build our argument on available literature and empirical data from interviews and two online surveys. We choose agricultural biotechnology as the case study to illustrate scientists' perception about their role in policy-making. Our study illustrates that agricultural biotechnology scientists sympathise with the stakeholder model of science and policy. However, there is a gap between perceived ideal role for scientists in policy-making and the role, which these scientists actually take.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47218334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determinants of maize farmers' adoption of Bt maize in Gauteng Province of South Africa 南非豪登省玉米种植者采用Bt玉米的决定因素

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-06-21 DOI: 10.1504/IJBT.2017.10005655

Charles Matlou, M. Antwi, C. Chagwiza

引用次数: 2

Biotech specialisations and metropolitan clusters in San Diego, CA, and Cambridge, MA - a network analysis using metadata 加州圣地亚哥和马萨诸塞州剑桥的生物技术专业和大都市集群——使用元数据的网络分析

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-06-21 DOI: 10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004751

Alessandro Marra, Paola Antonelli, C. Pozzi, Alessandro Sarra

{"title":"Biotech specialisations and metropolitan clusters in San Diego, CA, and Cambridge, MA - a network analysis using metadata","authors":"Alessandro Marra, Paola Antonelli, C. Pozzi, Alessandro Sarra","doi":"10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004751","url":null,"abstract":"Biotechnology is a fast growing market led by a multitude of start-ups and SMEs, extraordinarily active in research and development and technological innovation for industrial purposes. Given the high fragmentation of the industry and the radical disruptive nature of the innovative process, any empirical investigation aimed at identifying biotech R&D and industry applications makes a valuable contribution. Moreover, given the spatial concentration of biotech companies, often at the metropolitan level, the detection of specialised aggregates based on firms' technological and market proximity offers an interesting perspective of study on clusters. The paper employs network analysis using metadata to determine emerging firms' specialisations and capture technological and market complementarities, and emphasises the latter as drivers of biotech aggregates, in San Diego, CA, and Cambridge, MA, two large cities at the industry forefront. Results show that San Diego has the larger and less interconnected network, compared to Cambridge, although existing clusters, specialisations and industry applications seem to be complementary and better interconnected.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Searching for the Holy Grail: untangling the complexity of public attitudes towards agricultural biotechnology 寻找圣杯：解开公众对农业生物技术态度的复杂性

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-06-21 DOI: 10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004752

C. Cormick, L. Romanach, Owen Craig

{"title":"Searching for the Holy Grail: untangling the complexity of public attitudes towards agricultural biotechnology","authors":"C. Cormick, L. Romanach, Owen Craig","doi":"10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBT.2017.10004752","url":null,"abstract":"The Holy Grail of public attitude research towards agricultural biotechnology is too often to try and find a simple single statistic that will capture public support or rejection of GM foods and crops, often to suit political or media needs. Public attitude research, however, shows that opinions are too complex and variable to be captured by a single statistic and, indeed, more complex forms of analyses are needed to better capture these complexities and variabilities. The Australian Department of Innovation sought to capture such complexities through a large-scale multiple-methodology study that included: longitudinal data, measuring attitudes across a broad scale of support or rejection, seeking relative comparisons of attitudes to other food types, analysing what would change attitudes and, vitally, examining the values that influence attitudes. Taken together the findings allowed for a values segmentation of the public, into four key segments, with distinct homogenous attitudes and values that demonstrate there is not a single 'Holy Grail figure' that defines public support for agricultural biotechnology. A deeper understanding of the distinct values segments, however, allows for not just a better understanding of the diversity of views that exist, but a better understanding of what messages will most aligned with those segments to best reach them.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44140842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrient Compositions of Different Grains for Use in the Formulation of Bacteriological Media 细菌培养基配方中不同谷物的营养成分

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.57.2017.61.1.10

Istifanus Boyi Maikasuwa, C. Iheukwumere, I. O. Ogbonna

{"title":"Nutrient Compositions of Different Grains for Use in the Formulation of Bacteriological Media","authors":"Istifanus Boyi Maikasuwa, C. Iheukwumere, I. O. Ogbonna","doi":"10.18488/journal.57.2017.61.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.57.2017.61.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Some grains were analysed for their nutrient compositions for use in the formulation of bacteriological media in consideration of cheap and effective alternative to the conventional media. The media were respectively formulated using Acha (Digitaria exilis), Maize (Zea mays), Rice (Oryza sativa), Guinea corn (Sorghum species) and Millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Proximate analyses of the grains showed reasonable amounts of carbohydrates (55.0 to 73.9%), moisture contents (9.92 to 11.25%) and crude proteins (7.39 to 11.77%). Crude fibre and ash had the least % in the five grains used. Amongst the macro-elements, carbon is the most abundant followed by nitrogen. Using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), Zn, Co, Cu and Mo were not detectable in the grains, whereas Mn was present in minute quantities (= 0.015%). All the bacteria assessed grew on the formulated media. Statistical analysis of the data indicated homogeneity in growth rates of the test bacteria on most of the media formulated. However higher microbial counts observed on millet extract agar (MIEA) suggests that the medium could serve as an alternative growth medium for bacteria in place of the conventional nutrient agar (NA) with reduced cost.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67986332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Effects of Technological Treatments of Dietary Palm Kernel Meal on Feed Intake, Growth and Body Composition of Oreochromis Niloticus Reared in Concrete Tanks 饲粮中添加棕榈仁粕工艺处理对尼罗褐虾采食量、生长和体成分的影响

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2017.61.11.18

Amakoé Adjanke, K. Tona, I. Toko, M. Gbéassor

{"title":"Effects of Technological Treatments of Dietary Palm Kernel Meal on Feed Intake, Growth and Body Composition of Oreochromis Niloticus Reared in Concrete Tanks","authors":"Amakoé Adjanke, K. Tona, I. Toko, M. Gbéassor","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2017.61.11.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.57.2017.61.11.18","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of treated palm kernel meal in diets on production parameters of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus reared in concrete tanks. Fingerlings of Tilapia with an average initial weight 6.22 ± 0.25 g and an average size 7.58 ± 0.21 cm were fed four isonitrogenous diets each containing 30% palm kernel meal treated one-hour or not. So we have NT (untreated), DW (dipped in water), CW (cooked in water) and SW (steamed). These diets were compared with a commercial fish feed, Raanan (RA), all about 32% crude protein. After 8 weeks of experiment the final body weight varied between 29.57 and 43.01 g according to the tested treatments. The best growth rate and food conversion ratio were obtained with diet CW containing palm kernel meal cooked in water with specific growth rate (SGR) of 3.24 %/d and food conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.97 against a SGR of 3.44%/d and a FCR of 1.72 obtained with commercial feed (RA). Moreover, the tested diets do not seem to have any effect on the intestine size but the cooking seems to act on fish liver weight and body composition. The production parameters were improved with the diet containing palm kernel meal cooked in water which seems to be the interest food for O. niloticus on growing.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67986619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Comparing Patatin Class I and Camv 35s Promoters in Expression of Human Calcitonin Gene in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum Cvs. Kardal And Marfona) Patatin Class I与Camv 35s启动子在马铃薯降钙素基因表达中的比较卡达尔和马弗纳)

International journal of biotechnology Pub Date : 2016-11-03 DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.57/2016.5.4/57.4.52.61

Fatemeh Ghorbaniparsa, H. Ofoghi

{"title":"Comparing Patatin Class I and Camv 35s Promoters in Expression of Human Calcitonin Gene in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum Cvs. Kardal And Marfona)","authors":"Fatemeh Ghorbaniparsa, H. Ofoghi","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.57/2016.5.4/57.4.52.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.57/2016.5.4/57.4.52.61","url":null,"abstract":"Calcitonin (CT), a 32 amino acid polypeptide hormone is a powerful and specific inhibitor of bone resorption and is used to treat several human diseases like hypercalcemia and osteoporosis. To date, many pharmaceutical proteins of mammalian origin have been synthesized in plants. To increase the production level of heterologous proteins in plants, strategies such as choice of stronger promoters and optimization of codon usage are of major concern. In this study, a human calcitonin (hCT) gene, driven by two different promoters (Patatin Class I and Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S) was expressed in two types of potato's cultivars (cvs) Kardal and Marfona plants, using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic plants were analyzed by molecular methods and hCT concentration was determined by quantitative EASIA. The results showed the localization of hCT production in Kardal potato tubers led to 0.7% of total soluble proteins whiles total soluble protein was 0.2% when CaMV 35S promoter was deployed, these results of Marfona when used Patatin Class I and Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoters were 0.3% of the total soluble protein and 0.1% of the total soluble protein in the respect. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using analytical statistics. There was significant difference in mean score of hCT production when two different promoters and two different cultivars were used. These results showed that organ specific expression in potato led to nearly 3 fold higher hCT accumulation than constitutive expression and Kardal cultivar expressed hCT about 2 times higher than Marfona cultivar.","PeriodicalId":91506,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67989544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2