HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions of HIV-Associated Stigma in the U.S. Virgin Islands","authors":"Elizabeth Di Valerio, S. Dalmida, T. Hunte-Ceasar, A. Schweizer, G. Martinez, Alexandra Savinkina, Laura Harker, Karen L. Yuhas, Kelsey Simhachalam, Hayley Robinett, Peiyuan Huang, Brittany Freeman, George C. T. Mugoya","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43988534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elderly are Facing HIV/AIDS Crisis","authors":"Chunguang Fu, Chengjun Sun","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-5-E011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-5-E011","url":null,"abstract":"T world’s population is aging, and the population aged 60 or over is growing faster than all younger age groups globally. In 2017, there are an estimated 962 million people aged 60 or over in the world, comprising 13% of the global population, and growing at a rate of around 3% per year. Currently, Europe has the greatest percentage (25%) of the population aged 60 or over. The elderly population (aged 60 or over) worldwide is expected to be 1.4 billion in 2030, most of whom (80%) would be living in developing countries.1","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46772580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing Among Women.","authors":"G. McDougall, S. Dalmida, P. Foster, J. Burrage","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-102","url":null,"abstract":"Aim\u0000The purpose of this secondary analysis was to analyze for barriers and facilitators to HIV testing in women attending community health clinics.\u0000\u0000\u0000Introduction\u0000The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), reported that all women account for 20% or 1 in 5 of new HIV cases (CDC, 2012). Of those new cases in heterosexual women, 5,300 were Black, 1,300 were White, and 1,200 were Hispanic/Latina. The CDC estimated that in 2012 there were 9,268 individuals living with a diagnosis of HIV or AIDS, of which 19% were women.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The existing de-identified data consisted of thirty individual interviews conducted using a semi-structured interview guide was collected as the initial phase of the parent study, \"HIV Testing and Women's Attitudes on HIV Vaccine Trials\". This secondary analysis addressed the identification of key obstacles to HIV testing and only those related portions of the transcripts were analyzed. The major themes identified were familiarity with testing, stigma, fear, perceived risks, and access to care.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The themes implicated the need to further assess women for barriers and facilitators to testing, tailor community based interventions that have the ability to decrease fear and stigma, increase trust in testing methods and offer counseling to positive results.","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84177246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement of African Americans with Rapid HIV Testing and HIV Care.","authors":"Safiya George Dalmida, Graham J McDougall, George C T Mugoya, Pamela Payne Foster, Makenzie Plyman, Joe Burrage","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/background: </strong>African Americans and Blacks experience the greatest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden of any racial group in the US and globally. A number of challenges contribute to the higher rates of HIV infection among African Americans, including a lack of awareness of HIV status. African Americans account for nearly 50% of the newly estimated HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnoses, with the majority being tested only after developing symptoms of AIDS. Moreover, African Americans are more likely to postpone medical care after finding out that they are HIV positive.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe African Americans' likelihood of using salivary rapid testing (SRT) methods and entry into healthcare if HIV positive.</p><p><strong>Methods/design: </strong>Focus groups were conducted among 38 African Americans. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe personal factors, social resources, socio-demographic factors, cognitive appraisal, and health and coping behaviors which predict or influence the likelihood of African Americans' participation in SRT and, if positive, subsequent entry into healthcare and (2) to evaluate HIV Testing Survey items and modify them to be culturally and linguistically appropriate. A modified Comprehensive Health Seeking and Coping Paradigm guided the study (CHSCP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 38 African American adults who participated in the study, 16 were female between the ages of 18-49 and the mean age was 23 years and there were 22 males, aged between 18-49 and the mean age was 29.5 years. Eight themes emerged from the data: <i>familiarity</i>, <i>stigma</i>, <i>fear</i>, <i>access</i>, <i>immediacy</i>, <i>ease</i>, <i>degree of responsibility</i>, and <i>trust</i>. Gender specific themes were <i>health maintenance</i> (women) and <i>illness management</i> (men). Sub-themes within gender-specific themes were <i>stoicism</i> (women) and <i>anger</i> (men).</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Identifying the factors that influence the likelihood of HIV testing uptake can provide information on which to base development of interventions to facilitate HIV testing and earlier linkage to healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6602547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41223253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement of African Americans with Rapid HIV Testing and HIV Care","authors":"S. Dalmida, G. McDougall, George C. T. Mugoya, Pamela Payne Foster, Makenzie Plyman, J. Burrage","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-1-106","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/Background: African Americans and Blacks experience the greatest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden of any racial group in the US and globally. A number of challenges contribute to the higher rates of HIV infection among African Americans, including a lack of awareness of HIV status. African Americans account for nearly 50% of the newly estimated HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnoses, with the majority being tested only after developing symptoms of AIDS. Moreover, African Americans are more likely to postpone medical care after finding out that they are HIV positive. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe African Americans’ likelihood of using salivary rapid testing (SRT) methods and entry into healthcare if HIV positive. Methods/Design: Focus groups were conducted among 38 African Americans. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe personal factors, social resources, socio-demographic factors, cognitive appraisal, and health and coping behaviors which predict or influence the likelihood of African Americans’ participation in SRT and, if positive, subsequent entry into healthcare and (2) to evaluate HIV Testing Survey items and modify them to be culturally and linguistically appropriate. A modified Comprehensive Health Seeking and Coping Paradigm guided the study (CHSCP). Results: Of the 38 African American adults who participated in the study, 16 were female between the ages of 18–49 and the mean age was 23 years and there were 22 males, aged between 18–49 and the mean age was 29.5 years. Eight themes emerged from the data: familiarity, stigma, fear, access, immediacy, ease, degree of responsibility, and trust. Gender specific themes were health maintenance (women) and illness management (men). Sub-themes within gender-specific themes were stoicism (women) and anger (men). Implications: Identifying the factors that influence the likelihood of HIV testing uptake can provide information on which to base development of interventions to facilitate HIV testing and earlier linkage to healthcare.","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79218408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV Knowledge, Perceived Risk and Gender as Modulators of Salivary HIV Rapid Testing in African Americans.","authors":"Pamela Payne Foster,&nbsp;Safiya George Dalmida,&nbsp;Graham J McDougall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Of more than 1.2 million people in the United States (US) living with HIV infection, almost 1 in 8 (12.8%) are unaware of their infection. The introduction of a rapid HIV test using a saliva sample in 2004 made immediate results possible in community-based settings. Despite use of salivary rapid testing (SRT) over the last ten years, not enough is known about barriers to and acceptability of SRT among African Americans (AAs).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with SRT for HIV among AAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 329 AA men and women recruited from a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of study showed that participants with higher AIDS knowledge (<i>p</i><0.001) and problem-focused coping (<i>p</i><0.003) tended to have higher likelihood for participation in testing. In terms of seeking medical help, participants with lower emotional-focused coping, lower risky behavior and higher AIDS knowledge tended to be more likely to seek medical help (<i>p</i>=0.015, <i>p</i><0.001, <i>p</i><0.04, respectively). Female participants with higher values of risky behavior tended to be more likely to participate in testing (<i>p</i>=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the need to assess barriers and facilitators to testing decisions in order to increase testing rates. In particular, AIDS knowledge and either problem or emotional-focused coping and risky behaviors, based on gender may be important in making testing and care entry decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5875922/pdf/nihms900961.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35968415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing Among Women.","authors":"Graham J McDougall, Safiya George Dalmida, Pamela Payne Foster, Joe Burrage","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this secondary analysis was to analyze for barriers and facilitators to HIV testing in women attending community health clinics.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), reported that all women account for 20% or 1 in 5 of new HIV cases (CDC, 2012). Of those new cases in heterosexual women, 5,300 were Black, 1,300 were White, and 1,200 were Hispanic/Latina. The CDC estimated that in 2012 there were 9,268 individuals living with a diagnosis of HIV or AIDS, of which 19% were women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The existing de-identified data consisted of thirty individual interviews conducted using a semi-structured interview guide was collected as the initial phase of the parent study, \"HIV Testing and Women's Attitudes on HIV Vaccine Trials\". This secondary analysis addressed the identification of key obstacles to HIV testing and only those related portions of the transcripts were analyzed. The major themes identified were familiarity with testing, stigma, fear, perceived risks, and access to care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The themes implicated the need to further assess women for barriers and facilitators to testing, tailor community based interventions that have the ability to decrease fear and stigma, increase trust in testing methods and offer counseling to positive results.</p>","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5875928/pdf/nihms900962.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35968414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religious and Psychosocial Covariates of Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV/AIDS.","authors":"Safiya George Dalmida,&nbsp;Harold G Koenig,&nbsp;Marcia McDonnell Holstad,&nbsp;Tami L Thomas","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-1-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/HARTOJ-1-101","url":null,"abstract":"HIV/AIDS is a chronic, highly stigmatized illness that requires significant lifestyle adjustments, including consistent adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in order for People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWH) to survive and maintain good immune health. PLWH often report poor or moderate Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) that is worse than the general population. This may be related to the psychological and physiological demands of HIV disease and the sociodemographic stressors associated with it. The role of religious coping, religiosity, and social support in the mental and physical dimensions of HRQoL is less known, although recent studies highlight that PLWH rely on spirituality/religion to cope with HIV-associated stressors. This study examined the effects of religious coping, religiosity, depressive symptoms, medication adherence, and social support satisfaction in various dimensions of Health- Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in a sample of 292 PLWH. Majority of participants were African-American (90.1%) and 56.2% were male. Mean age was 45 years and, on average, participants lived with HIV for nearly 11 years. Descriptive statistics, correlations, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and hierarchical multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Income, sex (β= .14), age (β= −.14), depressive symptoms (β= −.27), and social support satisfaction (β= .17) significantly predicted physical HRQoL. Results indicate that income (β= .13), sex (β= .14), medication adherence (β= .13), negative religious coping (β= −.18), religious attendance (β= .13), religiousness (β= .16), and social support satisfaction (β= .27) significantly predicted mental HRQoL. Depressive symptoms (β= −.38), positive religious coping (β= .24), and social support satisfaction (β= .16) significantly predicted general HRQoL. Participants, who were female, prayed less than daily, attended religious services less than weekly or who were non/less religious had significantly poorer HRQoL. The findings confirm the importance of religion, mental health, medication adherence and social support in the HRQoL of PLWH, which should all be routinely assessed by clinicians.","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/d0/nihms-993524.PMC6516789.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37248884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age, Stigma, Adherence and Clinical Indicators in HIV-Infected Women.","authors":"Katryna McCoy, Melinda Higgins, Julie Ann Zuñiga, Marcia McDonnell Holstad","doi":"10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-3-101","DOIUrl":"10.17140/HARTOJ-SE-3-101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stigma has become a gendered phenomenon that affects increasing numbers of HIV-infected women worldwide. This study examined the role of age as a possible moderator of the relationship between stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence, CD4% and viral load among 120 HIV-infected women. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Keeping Healthy and Active with Risk Reduction and Medication Adherence (KHARMA) Project, an National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded randomized controlled trial to improve Antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence and reduce risky behaviors in HIV-infected women at five clinical sites in a South-eastern city from 2005 to 2008. Stigma was measured using the Perceived Personal Stigma of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) scale. Among participants <50 years old (n=90), age was significantly associated with viral load (rho=-.24, p=.02) and stigma was negatively associated with CD4% (r =-.26, p=.02). For the 30 participants >50 years old, age was not significantly associated with viral load, stigma or CD4%, and there was no significant association between stigma and CD4% (r=.07, p=.70). These findings indicate the need for further study regarding this potential moderating effect and possible interventions to address the susceptibility of younger women to the harmful effects of stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":91492,"journal":{"name":"HIV/AIDS research and treatment : open journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869875/pdf/nihms781688.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34500103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}