Journal of neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"The Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) in the State of Qatar","authors":"A. D’Souza, Musab Ali, A. Shuaib, Adnan Khan, N. Akhtar, A. Elsotouhy, P. Bourke, S. Joseph, M. Saqqur","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.11.1.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.11.1.312","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Our study’s aim is to evaluate the rate of ICH among stroke population over 4 years period in Qatar and main risk factors and etiology seen based on the age and ethnicity of the population. Method: Our stroke database is based on prospective data collection of patients presented with acute neurological symptoms and turn to have TIA, ischemic stroke or ICH from 1st December 2013 to 11th May 2017. The etiology of ICH was assumed based on age, risk factors and neuroimaging findings. Result: The rate of ICH is 20.5% (518 ICH /2525 total stroke). Patients with ICH are slightly younger with a mean age of 51.72 ± 13.1 than ones with ischemic stroke (IS) 56.12 ± 13.38. (p=0.68) and more seen in male than female in both ICH and IS. (M/F=5/1). In addition, patient with ICH do worse than ones with IS (3 months mRS>2, 143/302 (47.4%) in ICH versus 678/1896 (35.8%) in IS, (p<0.001). ICH is more common in the South Asian [S.A] 277/518 (53.3%) followed by Far East [FFE] 96/513 (18.5%), than Qatari and Arabic population 51/518 (9.8%) and 69/518 (12%), respectively, (p<0.001). The main risk factor for ICH is hypertension (HTN) 330/518 (64%) followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) 135/518 (26.3%). The main predictors of ICH are the FFE ethnicity (OR: 2.297, 95% CI:1.77-2.97, p<0.001), HTN (OR:1.85 CI:1.46-2.36, p<0.001, NIHSS (OR:1.15 CI:1.13-1.17, p: 0.00) and Age (OR:0.9, CI:0.96-0.98, p<0.001). Conclusion: The rate of ICH in Qatar is comparable to the rest of the world. However, ICH in Qatar is more seen in young and south Asian population and have worse outcome than ischemic stroke ones. This could be explained by the unique multiple ethnicities’ population in Qatar.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69699001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizure Prediction with Adaptive Feature Representation Learning","authors":"H. A. Agboola, C. Solebo, D. Aribike, Afolabi E. Lesi, A. Susu","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.294","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy cannot be successfully treated through medications or resection in about 30% of patients. Furthermore, an estimated 0.1 percent of epileptic patients suffer sudden deaths resulting from injuries sustained during seizures. For this reason, patients with intractable seizures need alternative therapeutic approaches. An engineered device tailored toward seizure prediction that warns patients of an impending seizure or that intervenes to prevent its occurrence may significantly decrease the burden of epilepsy. Although much research efforts have been directed at the development of a seizure prediction algorithm, a therapeutic or warning device that meets stringent clinical requirements is still elusive. In the present study a novel patient-specific seizure prediction method is proposed. The method is based on time-frequency analysis of scalp electroencephalogram (sEEG) and the use of state-of-the-art unsupervised feature representation learning techniques: reconstruction independent component analysis and sparse filtering. In a moving window analysis, a novel engineered bivariate EEG characterizing measure named Normalized Logarithmic Wavelet Packet Coefficient Energy Ratios (NLWPCER) was extracted from all possible combination of EEG channels and relevant frequency sub - bands. Thereafter unsupervised representation learning algorithm adapted to each patient through Bayesian optimization procedure was used to learn NLWPCER features representation or transformation suitable for data classification task. Two classification models: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were developed and trained to learn preictal (pre-seizure) and interictal (normal) EEG feature vector patterns. The output of the classifiers was regularized through a post processing operation aimed at reducing false prediction rate (FPR) and making decision on the generation of prediction alarms. The proposed method was evaluated using approximately 545 h CHB-MIT scalp EEG recording of 17 patients with a total of 43 leading seizures. On the average, with SVM classifier the proposed seizure prediction algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 87.26% and false prediction rate of 0.08h-1 while with ANN classifier the algorithm achieved average sensitivity and false prediction rate of 75.49% and 0.13h-1 respectively. The proposed method was validated using an Analytic Random Predictor (ARP). The results obtained in this work opens a pathway for a robust and consistent real-time portable seizure prediction device suitable for clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Registry of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Epileptic Women from Pakistan","authors":"M. Siddiqi, Q. Zaman, Nadia Mehboob, S. Mansoor","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.303","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An important issue in female patients with epilepsy is the effects of Epilepsy and AEDS on both the mother and fetus with various complications during pregnancy and peripartum period. Pregnancy may also affect the seizure control in variable ways. In order to address these issues large national and multinational registries are required especially in developing world. Purpose of this registry is to collect local demographics and also plan the strategies required for the improvement in reproductive health services. Methodology: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, observational ongoing analysis, with follow up of pregnant women with epilepsy (WWE) who presented in neurology outpatient clinic. The demographic data on disease and the AEDS were recorded in a structured Performa. Data was analyzed using standard statistical software SPSS version 20. Results: There were 65 patients with mean age 27.5 ± 5.02. Most common diagnosis was IGE followed by genetic focal epilepsy. Most common Maternal complications was vaginal bleed (n=6) followed by abortion, hyperemesis gravidarum eclempsia, oligohydromnias (n=1) each. Fetal distress was observed in 3 cases, and 1 case of each of the premature birth, IUGR, IUD and CDH were seen. Most common drug used was Lamotrigene followed by Levateracetem while polytherapy was used by 15 patients. Conclusion: Awareness about the impact of epilepsy and AEDs on the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy is important. Improvement in reproductive health services in such patients with good liaison between neurology and obstetrical department should be emphasized to improve the outcome.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Direct Endovascular Treatment Versus Thrombolysis and Rescue-endovascular Treatment for Patients with M1/M2 Occlusion: A Real-life Retrospective Study","authors":"Stefan Mausbach, Alex, ra Gerasimova, Zeev Itsekson, N. Brown, Y. Schwammenthal, O. Merzlyak, M. Bakon, D. Orion","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.295","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Systemic Thrombolysis with tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) has been an established therapy for ischemic stroke for more than 20 years, with limited effect on large vessel occlusions. New catheter-based techniques allow high revascularization rates were tPA fails. Systemic thrombolysis remains the standard treatment of care and endovascular treatment is newly established as therapy for large vessel occlusion or rescue therapy after unsuccessful revascularization by thrombolysis. Patients with large vessel occlusions have a very limited reperfusion rate and benefit from direct endovascular treatment (EVT). In this real-life study, patients are compared regarding their outcome after systemic thrombolysis with rescue endovascular treatment in comparison to direct endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusions. Patients and Methods: Patients are categorized retrospectively by their treatment. Data on 120 patients was used, with the exclusion of 13 patients. Analyses were performed according to mRS and EQ5D after 7 days as well as 10 to 14 weeks. Primary observed outcome was quality of life and mRS after 10 to 14 weeks. Results: Regarding mRS, initial outcome after 7 days is more successful with direct EVT, but prior thrombolysis shows additional improvement after 10 to 14 weeks. There is no statistically relevant difference in patients that received prior tPA and rescue endovascular treatment in comparison to direct endovascular treatment after 10 to 14 weeks. EQ5D on the other hand shows higher life quality, according to better functional outcome after endovascular treatment. Regarding the primary endpoint of the study, there is no statistically relevant difference between both study groups at the end point of the study. Discussion: While direct endovascular treatment shows an immediate benefit for patients with large vessel occlusions, over the time course of 10 to 14 weeks there is a higher additional benefit for prior thrombolysis treatment. Regarding that, both treatment arms show a similar outcome. A higher life quality regarding EQ5D is archived after direct EVT while judgement for general ability is rated higher with additional tPA treatment. Conclusion: In this mono-center study it was shown that patients eligible for thrombolysis with large vessel occlusions should receive tPA if eligible. By lack or insufficient improvement, a rescue endovascular treatment should be applied. Direct endovascular treatment shows a similar outcome regarding mRS but a higher life quality index.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hopelessness Leading to Self-harm and Suicide","authors":"S. Ali, Sarmad Muhammad Soomar","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.296","url":null,"abstract":"Hopelessness has become of the common reason behind suicide. People who are disturbed and have commonly seen with presence of suicidal ideation or continuous experiences of self-harming have hopelessness in background. This is very essential to understand the mechanism of stress and its connection with hopelessness because of ineffective coping or lack of strong understanding in coping skills. Common presence of hopelessness is harmful and provides difficult situations in individual and families where results are ending lives or self-harming. At the end families have to join hands with health care providers to work on how to improve positive behavior and ignite hope among these people. Such kind of strategic endeavors can save live, build a hopeful society and bring a positive mental health change.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.2.296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyberpsychology: A Rapid Overview of Sexting","authors":"F. López-Rosales, J. L. Jasso-Medrano, F. E. Sosso","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.304","url":null,"abstract":"1 Innovation and Evaluation in Health Psychology, Psychology Faculty, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico 2 Center for Research in Nutrition and Public Health, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico 3 Centre for Advanced Studies in Sleep Medicine, Sacred Heart Hospital, Montreal, Canada 4 Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Humanities, University of Quebec in Montreal, Canada 5 Quebec Network on Suicide, Mood Disorders and Related Disorders, Canada","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Patient with Upper Cervical Spinal Cord Infarction Presenting with the Sudden Onset of Severe Occipital Headache Followed by Occipital Neuralgia","authors":"Hisashi Ito, A. Seki, Shigeru Fukutake, Sanae Odake, Terunori Sano, Yuji Uchida, H. Kitahara, T. Kamei","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.300","url":null,"abstract":"A 78-year-old man suddenly developed a severe occipital headache, followed by right greater occipital neuralgia (ON). Brain MR imaging revealed a spinal cord infarction in the territory of the right posterior spinal artery (PSA) at the C2 level without vertebral artery (VA) dissection. Even without VA dissection, upper cervical PSA syndrome could cause severe occipital headache. Furthermore, ipsilateral ON could follow it. The present case suggests that severe occipital headache and ON can occur in a patient with upper cervical PSA syndrome without VA dissection.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Stigma, Quality of Life and Family Burden in Patients of Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","authors":"P. Das, Smarajit Roy, Saurav Das","doi":"10.21767/2171-6625.S5287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2171-6625.S5287","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Schizophrenia (SCH) is characterized by perceptual-disability with disintegrated memory/thinking-ability. Obsessive-compulsive-disorder (OCD) defines the unwanted dependence on some thought and repetitive-behaviour. Ritualistic and obsessive behaviours are the characters in OCD patients. Stigma and the quality-oflife (QOL) associated to either condition is less studied in relation to their caregiver’s role and responsibility. In the current study, this has been extensively studied. Methods: The individuals for this study were selected by consecutive sampling from patient (30-schizophrenia/30-OCD with their caregivers) coming to the OPD of the Institute of Psychiatry-Diagnosed by two consultant psychiatrists by applying ICD- 10. The severity of OCD was tested by using Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive-Scale (Y-BOCS) and that of schizophrenia was evaluated by Positive and Negative-Syndrome- Scale (PANSS). Family Interview Schedule and WHO QOL-BREF were analyzed. Results: In both genders, SCH is 2-3-fold abundant than OCD. It is also higher in urban, but OCD is higher in rural-people. In employed-person and in nuclear-family OCD is higher whereas, SCH is higher in case of joint family and in >10th std. person. Income/ age and age-of-onset of disease were not a determining factor for both diseases. Symptoms of SCH on PANSS of total Psycho-pathological individuals were significantly higher than total positive or total negative score. The total QOL was better in OCD patients than schizophrenic patients (p value=0.000**). Conclusions: It is demonstrated that significant positive correlation between positive syndromes of Schizophrenia and stigma (r=-0.564, P=0.001) which means severity of various positive symptoms of schizophrenia shows high stigma positive syndrome with negative correlation with all domain of QOL.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68085887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Disturbance after Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment- A Multifaceted Clinical Problem - A Pilot Study","authors":"D. Oliva, Lasse Jensen, L. Sharp, M. Nilsson, F. Lewin","doi":"10.21767/2171-6625.1000284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2171-6625.1000284","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cancer patients may experience simultaneous effects of the disease, as well as side effects from the treatment. These factors may all contribute to sleep disturbances. This study explores sleep disruption among cancer patients who undergo systemic adjuvant or palliative oncological treatment. Methods: Patient-reported data was collected using three questionnaires. The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 questionnaire as well as study-specific open-ended questions. The patients responded at the initial onset of treatment alternatively when changing to a new line of treatment as well as three months later. The analysis was performed using “Svenssons’ method” for paired ordered categorical data. Results: Seventy-two (80%) of the ninety patients responded. Of these, 82% (n=59) reported having insufficient sleep at baseline and 86% (n=62) at followup. Health-related quality of life was affected in 92% (n=66) of the patients with a wide variation (Range variation of 0.22). The main causes of sleep disturbance reported at baseline were the disease itself and anxiety. At follow-up the main causes were anxiety and nocturia. The level of anxiety as a self-reported cause of sleeping disturbances in the open-ended questions were similar both before treatment and at follow up due to coping strategies established by the patients. Conclusion: Insufficient sleep is a problem for the cancer patients in this study. The perception of sleep showed a heterogeneous pattern. The cancer treatment does not seem to further worsen the perception of the sleep disturbance. As sleep disturbance is a problem this should be of concern in the clinical care for the cancer patients and an individualized approach should be used.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2171-6625.1000284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68074065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following Shingrix® Vaccine Administration","authors":"Rina Yadav, D. Hundley, L. Cation","doi":"10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.301","url":null,"abstract":"Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare life threatening acute polyradiculoneuropathy with variable clinical presentations, including weakness, paresthesias, diminished deep tendon reflexes, hyponatremia, dysautonomia, and a cytoalbuminological dissociation on cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) analysis. The exact etiology remains unknown but is thought to occur as a post-infective immunemediated process. Vaccines and illnesses, including H1N1 Swine Flu vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, Campylobacter jejuni bacteria, cytomegalovirus, and herpes zoster virus, have been associated with GBS. One vaccine that has not been identified to cause GBS is the newly released Shingrix® vaccine for herpes zoster infection prevention. We present a case of severe GBS following Shingrix® vaccine immunization.","PeriodicalId":91329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.36648/2171-6625.10.4.301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}