Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics最新文献_第6页

Anthropometric Study of Human Hip Bones of Southern Brazilians by Rabbi Method 用拉比法对巴西南部人类髋骨的人体测量学研究

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020356

M. O. Romào, W. C. R. Junior, Wagner Corsini, L. Moraes, G. Fernandes, Denismar Alve Nogueira, A. Esteves

{"title":"Anthropometric Study of Human Hip Bones of Southern Brazilians by Rabbi Method","authors":"M. O. Romào, W. C. R. Junior, Wagner Corsini, L. Moraes, G. Fernandes, Denismar Alve Nogueira, A. Esteves","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020356","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic anthropology is a branch of forensic sciences that deals with research and aims to determine the identity of an individual by means of the origin of remains, general patterns of identification and individualizing characteristics. Currently, as Brazil has a significant percentage of homicides, serious accidents and natural disasters, it is necessary to use more precise anthropometric techniques to search for victim identification. Therefore, this study proposes to measure human hip bones using bone anthropometry technique, more specifically pelvimetry in order to determine standard measures for this bone for people of the south region of Minas Gerais. The measures obtained were as follows: VDA data was 49.74 ± 3.49 for right hip bone (RHB) and 51.06 for left hip bone (LHB). GSND data was 33.18 ± 3.08 for RHB and 32.96 ± 3.35 for LHB. Regarding CGSN measure, the values were 81.23 ± 6.74 for RHB and 82.87 ± 6.77 for LHB. DASIS results were 114.1 ± 6.62 for RHB and 112.4 ± 5.90 for LHB. OFD measures were 45.95 ± 4.21 for RHB and 47 ± 3.98 for LHB while OFL data were 31.34 ± 3.56 for RHB 30.42 ± 2.82 for LHB. From the results above, one could conclude that there were significant differences in the measure of the hip bone when compared with data Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 9(3):356-365 (2020) 357 M. O. Romão et al. published for other ethnic groups. It is suggested that such differences may be related to the multiple genetic miscegenation that occurred in this region of Brazil during 500 years or more after colonization.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82039651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Indicadores Não Verbais de Emoções Secundárias: Identificando Culpa Vergonha e Orgulho 次要情绪的非语言指标:识别内疚、羞愧和骄傲

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020321-330

R. Joaquim

引用次数: 0

Murder Mystery Solved with the Help of Forensic Investigation 在法医调查的帮助下解决了谋杀之谜

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020366

M. Sharma, D. Sharma

{"title":"Murder Mystery Solved with the Help of Forensic Investigation","authors":"M. Sharma, D. Sharma","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020366","url":null,"abstract":"Crime scene reconstruction is the process of determining or eliminating the events that occurred at the crime scene by analysis of physical evidences. In one case, a lady left the house receiving a call on her cell phone. Since she did not return home till late evening, the husband and her children made search but could not trace out. Subsequently, a missing report was lodged in the local police station. At night, on the same day, the dead body of the missing lady was found lying in a bathroom of a Hotel along with a male dead body. The investigative and forensic team visited the undisturbed crime spot. Scrutiny of forensic evidence, crime scene dynamics, victimology and autopsy study could establish the case to be murder and suicide. At crime scene, on the basis of our observations the two cases were registered under murder and suicide IPC sections. The male murdered the lady in the bathroom and committed suicide near the dead body of the lady. This involved scientific crime scene investigation, interpretation of patterned evidence at the scene, laboratory testing of the physical evidence, systematic study of related case information, and the logical formulation of a theory gives the proper directions to the Investigating officer (IO). In this article, we have reported an interesting case for forensic aspect. The IO, was in this impression, it might murder. Our team, reveals the truth and case was solved at scene of crime.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90743030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Blue Ballpoint Pen Inks Differentiation using Multivariate Image Analysis of Digital Images Captured with PhotoMetrix PRO® 蓝色圆珠笔墨水区分使用多元图像分析与PhotoMetrix PRO®捕获的数字图像

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020331

R. Gorziza, Carina Maria Bello de Carvalho, Marina González, R. S. Ortiz, G. Helfer, M. Ferrão, R. Limberger

{"title":"Blue Ballpoint Pen Inks Differentiation using Multivariate Image Analysis of Digital Images Captured with PhotoMetrix PRO®","authors":"R. Gorziza, Carina Maria Bello de Carvalho, Marina González, R. S. Ortiz, G. Helfer, M. Ferrão, R. Limberger","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020331","url":null,"abstract":"In Forensic Documentoscopy, it is frequently questioned if a particular document was written with one or more pens. Different methods have been developed to distinguish pen inks from each other, but some of these techniques require the ink extraction, destructing the document, and other techniques uses high cost instruments. PhotoMetrix PRO®, an app for mobile devices, is a qualitative and colorimetric analysis tool that applies uni- and multivariate analysis. Amongst them, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) can be obtained from digital images’ decomposing data. It is a non-destructive and a simple method, of easily use and low cost. Chemometric knowledge is important for results interpretation. This study aims to evaluate the PhotoMetrix PRO® capacity on blue ballpoint pens differentiation. Three experiments were performed with different ballpoint pens, including colorful pens as an app functionality control. The results showed appropriate differentiation between colorful ballpoint pens, and there was a satisfactory tendency of separation for different brands of blue ballpoint pens, most used in Brazil. This method is interesting to confirm subjective results, eliminating visual differences, intrinsic for each observer, which can be useful in places with an instrument deficiency, like the Video Spectral Comparator®. New studies to evaluate writing pressure’s influence on data collection and the inks’ age, as well as different mobile’s camera quality, are recommended. This study introduces a new technology that might be further studied for practical application in Forensic Documentoscopy and other Forensic areas.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84678297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Measurement of Long Bones of Southern Minas Gerais, Brazil: Anthropometric Study 巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州南部长骨的测量:人体测量学研究

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-25 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020308

A. Esteves, W. C. R. Junior, Wagner Corsini, F. D. Guerra, P. Marques, Luis Henrique Rapucci Moraes, D. Nogueira, Isabela Ferreira Corrêa

{"title":"Measurement of Long Bones of Southern Minas Gerais, Brazil: Anthropometric Study","authors":"A. Esteves, W. C. R. Junior, Wagner Corsini, F. D. Guerra, P. Marques, Luis Henrique Rapucci Moraes, D. Nogueira, Isabela Ferreira Corrêa","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020308","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to estimate the main measures in long bones of Southern Brazilians adults, and to compare them with those of other ethnicities already cataloged in literature. The measurements were made with an anthropometric ruler and a digital caliper, according to a specific protocol. For this, being the humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia (50 specimes of each bone) in which some parameters were measured that allow comparing with existing data in literature. The data shown the mean (cm) and the standard deviation of long bone measured. Femurs are: ML = 46.41 ± 2.35, EW = 7.84 ± 0.57 and HD = 4.43 ± 0.47; Humerus: ML = 33.52 ± 1.45, EW = 6.04 ± 0.39, HD = 4.48 ± 0.24; radios: ML = 26.24 ± 1.51 and APD = 1.58 ± 0.14; ulna: ML = 27.9 ± 1.41 and APD = 1.67 ± 0.10; and tibias: ML = 38.76 ± 2.21, DEW = 5.03 ± 0.38 and DAP = 4.99 ± 0.38. According to results obtained in this study, it is possible to conclude that the values used by forensic anthropology for identification of Southern Brazilian long bones, such as humerus, radius, ulna and tibia, with exception of femurs, do not in fact represent any values already established for some ethnic groups, since the Brazilians presented their own pattern, which was different from the European standard already classified.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86088216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estratégias Comportamentais e Cognitivas no Tratamento da Psicopatia: Uma Revisão 精神病治疗中的行为与认知策略:综述

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-05-05 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020245

M. G. Pereira, M. V. Souza

{"title":"Estratégias Comportamentais e Cognitivas no Tratamento da Psicopatia: Uma Revisão","authors":"M. G. Pereira, M. V. Souza","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(3)y2020245","url":null,"abstract":"The definition and identification of the main characteristics and traits of psychopathic individuals has been the subject of different areas of study for several decades. In the forensic scope, the psychopathy is a term quite discussed, being strongly related to criminality. In the treatment context, the growing use of cognitive-behavioral strategies has been reported in the literature, which has presented several results. To evaluate the main cognitive and behavioral strategies employed in the treatment of psychopathy based on the results of empirical studies, considering the evidences of efficacy. The databases Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs and the CAPES Periodical portal were consulted. Inclusion criteria: 1) original empirical article; 2) sample of individuals diagnosed with psychopathy or presenting with psychopathic traits or characteristics; 3) use cognitive and behavioral strategies; 4) published between 2014 and 2019. Have been identified 848 articles that, after inclusion of the filters, reading the titles and abstracts, 23 essays were screened. Subsequently, considering the inclusion criteria, seven articles were included in the analysis. Behavioral and cognitive interventions presented different results. However, regardless of the results, the articles analyzed presented considerable limitations, this interfered negatively with evidence of efficacy. Psychopaths can respond to and benefit from behavioral and cognitive treatments. However, the field still presents few randomized research, with the same limitations pointed out in previous reviews. Interventions present controversial evidence of efficacy, therefore, new studies in the field are required with more elaborate and discerning scientific and methodological standards.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73205438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Coleta de Resquícios de Substâncias Acelerantes em Superfícies Porosas no Incendiarismo: Utilização do Método Proposto por Icove e Haynes 燃烧过程中多孔表面加速物质残留的收集:采用Icove和Haynes提出的方法

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020229

A. Cotomácio

引用次数: 0

Perícia Papiloscópica: Métodos Espectrométricos e Espectroscópicos Aplicados à Análise Química de Impressões Digitais papiloscopic专业知识:应用于指纹化学分析的光谱和光谱方法

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-03-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020210

K. Mariotti

{"title":"Perícia Papiloscópica: Métodos Espectrométricos e Espectroscópicos Aplicados à Análise Química de Impressões Digitais","authors":"K. Mariotti","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020210","url":null,"abstract":"Um dos principais objetivos das ciencias forenses e a coleta de evidencias validas em uma cena de crime com maxima objetividade e confiabilidade para apoiar o processo judicial. Nesse sentido, as impressoes digitais contribuem de forma decisiva para a materia criminal, trazendo informacoes acerca da presenca de alguem em uma cena de crime, estando dentre os vestigios mais comumente utilizados mundialmente na area forense. Com os avancos da instrumentacao analitica, as impressoes digitais, para alem de serem evidencias fisicas de grande relevância, foram alcadas a verdadeiras fontes de inteligencia quimica, capazes de revelar informacoes forenses adicionais acerca de um individuo. A presente revisao aborda o tema da analise de substâncias em impressoes digitais, trazendo estudos recentes descritos na literatura cientifica. Observa-se que ha um interesse crescente sobre a investigacao do conteudo quimico endogeno e exogeno desses vestigios. Metodos espectroscopicos e espectrometricos tem sido aplicados e desenvolvidos para a deteccao da presenca de drogas de abuso, medicamentos, explosivos e residuos de preservativos, dentre outros. Compostos endogenos tem revelado dados acerca do estilo de vida e habitos do individuo. Analises de lipideos, proteinas e outros componentes da secrecao formadora da impressao papilar, tem sido utilizadas para avaliar o envelhecimento do vestigio, bem como diferenciar impressoes digitais de adultos de criancas. Os crescentes avancos analiticos na pericia papiloscopica deixam claro que o estudo e a analise quimica de residuos de impressoes digitais sao uma fonte promissora de inteligencia forense, podendo ter um impacto profundo para um sistema de justica criminal mais eficiente.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82272007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Modern Writing Instrument Used as a Weapon for Committing Bank Cheque Fraud 用作银行支票诈骗武器的现代书写工具

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-03-28 DOI: 10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020195

V. Chayal, R. Rawal, Deepak R. Handa, V. Verma, Narendrakumar Mangilal Chayal, Himanshu A. Pandya

{"title":"A Modern Writing Instrument Used as a Weapon for Committing Bank Cheque Fraud","authors":"V. Chayal, R. Rawal, Deepak R. Handa, V. Verma, Narendrakumar Mangilal Chayal, Himanshu A. Pandya","doi":"10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs9(2)y2020195","url":null,"abstract":"In the recent era, investigation of dye, pigments and powder-based ink examination are big challenges. Literature and survey reveal that, some erasable ink pens were consistently used to commit economic frauds in bank instruments like cheques, withdrawal slips, demand drafts, fix deposit receipts, counterfeit currency, and other essential documents. Some manufacturers provide magic erasable writing instruments. Here, we deciphered this type of ink on different documents with the help of VSC-6000/HS. The main aim of this research work is to develop simple, rapid, sensitive, eco-friendly to retrieve original writings of erasable ink. Total of 640 test samples were prepared under the same conditions with different ink pens on different papers/cheques, where each sample was written with the ReWrite-erasable ink pen, thermal ink pen, roller ball high tech ink pen, normal ballpoint pen and gel pens for the comparison purpose. The test samples were examined under different types of scientific instruments, physical examination before and after exposing to different environmental conditions, sunlight and at room temperature (25 C) for the period of one hundred and eightyone (181) days. This technique to retrieve the original disappeared writings done with a ReWrite-erasable ink pen is very easy, simple, rapid, non-destructive, eco-friendly, convenient and sensitive to detect manipulations done in forgery and in suspect documents. Detection of ghost strokes under VSC-6000/HS with different functions, like fluorescence spotlight and specific (300 to 365 nm) UV range will provide a new avenue by, which the forensic document 196 Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics 9(2):195-209 (2020) V. M. Chayal et al. scientist can identify the erased writing that might otherwise go undetected with other more frequently used methods.","PeriodicalId":9123,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81543144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Estimation of Forensic Age from Bony Fusion of Distal Femoral and Proximal Tibial Epiphyses by MRI of the Knee 用膝关节MRI估计股骨远端和胫骨近端骨骺骨融合的法医年龄

Brazilian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Medical Law and Bioethics Pub Date : 2020-03-23 DOI: 10.17063/BJFS9(2)Y2020185

S. Chowdhuri, Saikat Das, R. Ghosh

引用次数: 0