Eduardo Marín-Hernández, Angélica D De-Las-Fuentes-García, Georgina A Siordia-Reyes
{"title":"Blistering and aggressive paniculite cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Eduardo Marín-Hernández, Angélica D De-Las-Fuentes-García, Georgina A Siordia-Reyes","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is characterized by atypical T-cells expressing the α/β T-cell receptor in the subcutaneous fat. Although it is usually indolent, some cases can show an aggressive course. It is usually a disease of the middle-aged, but can rarely affect children.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We describe the case of a 12-year-old male, previously healthy, who presented a dermatosis disseminated to the four segments consisting of vesicles, blisters, erythematous and hematonecrotic plaques, atrophic scars, associated with edema. The biopsy confirmed limited cutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma with extensive epidermal necrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report the case of a SPTCL in a child. Although rare in this age group, the diagnosis should be considered in children who present similar conditions and who do not respond to treatment. Diagnosis is made on clinical suspicion and confirmed by histology. We discuss the challenges in its management and how timely diagnosis influences patient survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 Supl 1","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9895637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brenda G Romero Flores, Laura Villavicencio Guzmán, Marcela Salazar García, Roberto Lazzarini
{"title":"Normal development of the heart: a review of new findings.","authors":"Brenda G Romero Flores, Laura Villavicencio Guzmán, Marcela Salazar García, Roberto Lazzarini","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development and formation of the heart, the central organ of the circulatory system in vertebrates, starts early during embryonic development (second week), reaching maturity during the first few postnatal months. Cardiogenesis is a highly complex process that requires the active and orderly participation of different cardiac and non-cardiac cell populations. Thus, this process is sensitive to errors that may trigger a variety of heart-development defects, called congenital heart defects, which have a worldwide incidence of 8-10/1000 live births. A good understanding of normal cardiogenesis is required for better diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart diseases. This article reviews normal cardiogenesis by comparing information from classic studies with more recent findings. Information from descriptive anatomical studies of histological sections and selective in vivo marking of chicken embryos were emphasized. In addition, the discovery of heart fields has fueled the investigation of cardiogenic events that were believed to be understood and has contributed to proposals for new models of heart development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 2","pages":"79-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9658192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brandon Castillo-Trejo, José F Pérez-Pérez, Kouatzin Aguilar-Morales, Mariana Castelo-Huerta, Andrés Pérez-Giráldez, Sonia Corredor-Casas
{"title":"Coexistence of persistent fetal vasculature and retinoblastoma in the same eye.","authors":"Brandon Castillo-Trejo, José F Pérez-Pérez, Kouatzin Aguilar-Morales, Mariana Castelo-Huerta, Andrés Pérez-Giráldez, Sonia Corredor-Casas","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As retinoblastoma (RB) is the most frequent primary intraocular malignant tumor in childhood, it should be the main pathology to rule out in pediatric patients with leukocoria. Persistence of fetal vasculature (PFV) is within the differential diagnosis of leukocoria, a vitreous disorder arising from a defect in the involution of the hyaloid vasculature in the embryonic stage, which affects normal ocular development and commonly produces associated microophthalmia. An early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for a better prognosis and life expectancy of the child.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present a case of retinoblastoma and coexisting with PFV: a 2-years-and 11-months-old male with no red reflex, and vasculature and yellowish-white membrane behind the lens of the right eye. B-mode ultrasound with disorganization of the vitreous cavity with high reflectivity echoes suggestive of calcification. On examination we found an enlarged eyeball, rubeosis iridis, posterior vasculature, intraocular pressure 28 mmHg. Computed tomography with heterogeneous intraocular mass with hyperdense regions. With a diagnosis of probable retinoblastoma, enucleation was performed. Histopathology reported moderately differentiated retinoblastoma coexisting with PFV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The finding of these two diagnoses in the same eye is very rare due to the different pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 Supl 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9890409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franz Barnes-Saldaña, Andrea Venegas-Andrade, Óscar Colin-Martínez, Adolfo Lizardo-Rodríguez, María T García-Romero, Carola Durán-McKinster
{"title":"Clinical and radiological improvement in Gorham-Stout disease after sirolimus treatment.","authors":"Franz Barnes-Saldaña, Andrea Venegas-Andrade, Óscar Colin-Martínez, Adolfo Lizardo-Rodríguez, María T García-Romero, Carola Durán-McKinster","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.23000015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.23000015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare syndrome characterized by lymphatic malformations, mainly in bone structures, causing progressive osteolysis. Lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation depends on several growth factors that use the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway and converge on the mammalian target molecule of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. These findings have allowed treating GSD with mTOR pathway inhibitors such as sirolimus or everolimus.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present the case of a one-year-old female patient referred to our institution after a right femur fracture and progressive limb volume increase, disproportionately to the trauma. After several episodes of soft tissue infections, imaging studies showed pseudarthrosis, lytic lesions, and progressive loss of the right femur that ended in total absence. A femur biopsy showed lymphatic structures positive with D2-40 staining, diagnosing GSD. After six months of non-response to traditional treatments, the limb was disarticulated at the hip level, and oral sirolimus treatment was initiated, showing clinical and radiological improvement with minor lytic lesions and evidence of ossification after 20 months of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral sirolimus treatment for GSD inhibits angiogenesis and osteoclastic activity, stimulating bone anabolism and leading to arrested osteolysis progression and improved ossification, quality of life, and patient prognosis. Therefore, sirolimus should be considered a therapeutic option for this rare disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 3","pages":"217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9893120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hüseyin Çaksen, Nadire Ş Özçelik, Ahmet S Güven, Ahmet O Kılıç
{"title":"The relationship between the use of digital display devices and headphones and primary headaches in children.","authors":"Hüseyin Çaksen, Nadire Ş Özçelik, Ahmet S Güven, Ahmet O Kılıç","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.23000002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.23000002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Headache represents the most common neurologic symptom in children. In this study, we investigated the relationship between watching television, listening to music with headphones, smartphone, tablet, and computer use, and primary headaches in children. We aimed to determine whether primary headache in children is associated with excessive use of digital display devices and headphones and whether reducing the use of digital display devices and headphones affects primary headache.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 69 children with primary headaches and 64 with no headaches as a control group. All subjects were evaluated for demographic and headache characteristics and the use of digital display devices and headphones. Our recommendation for patients and families was to decrease the use of digital display devices and headphones, and the headache burden was re-evaluated after one month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Headache frequency was more common in patients who watched television and used smartphones or tablets for more than 6 hours per day. Using a smartphone or tablet for more than 3 hours daily was more common in the study group than the control group. Headache frequency decreased in all patients one month after the digital imaging device and headphones were restricted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Watching television and using a smartphone or tablet strongly associates with primary headaches during childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 3","pages":"202-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9895612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Méndez-Hernández, Diego R Hernández-Galdamez, Miguel A González-Block, Daniela K Romo-Dueñas, Rosa M Cahuantzi-Tamayo, Omar Texis-Morales, Juan J Medina-Urzúa, Rosalba Cerón-Meza, Irma A Hernández-Vicente, Marivel Lumbreras-Guzmán
{"title":"Increased risk of hospitalization and death in Mexican children and adolescents with COVID-19 and comorbidities.","authors":"Pablo Méndez-Hernández, Diego R Hernández-Galdamez, Miguel A González-Block, Daniela K Romo-Dueñas, Rosa M Cahuantzi-Tamayo, Omar Texis-Morales, Juan J Medina-Urzúa, Rosalba Cerón-Meza, Irma A Hernández-Vicente, Marivel Lumbreras-Guzmán","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in children is usually mild, they need hospitalization and intensive care in exceptional cases. Adverse outcomes have been observed mainly among children with comorbidities, justifying their vaccination. This study aimed to assess the risk of hospitalization and death in Mexican children and adolescents with COVID-19 and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed on 366,542 confirmed COVID-19 cases under 18 years, reported by the Mexican Ministry of Health up to July 9, 2022. Logistic regression models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 10.98 years, 50.6% were male, and 7.3% reported at least one comorbidity. The percentage of hospitalization and death in COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidities was 3.52%, and 0.20%, respectively; children with comorbidities presented a higher percentage of hospitalization (14.0%) and death (1.9%). The probability of hospitalization was 5.6 times greater in pediatric patients with COVID-19 and comorbidities, and the comorbidities that showed the greatest risk were immunosuppression (odds ratio (OR) 22.06), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (11.36), and cardiovascular diseases (5.66). The probability of death in patients with comorbidities was 11.01 times higher than in those without diseases, and the highest risk was observed in those with CKD (OR 12.57), cardiovascular diseases (6.87), and diabetes (5.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pediatric patients with comorbidities presented a higher risk of severe COVID-19. It is suggested that vaccination should be promoted with greater emphasis on pediatric patients with comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 2","pages":"105-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9665191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prurigo solar y su asociación con el HLA-DR4 (DRB1*0407).","authors":"Mario Magaña, Ana P Landeta-Sa","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 1","pages":"74-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9192796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raymundo Martínez-Cuevas, Andrea Medellín-Ortega, Enrique E López-Facio, Rosa L Escareño-Zuñiga, Gabriela Alvarado-Jiménez, Cecilia M González-Prado-García, Jesús G Muñiz-Ugarte
{"title":"Extrarenal rhabdoid tumor of anterior mediastinal location.","authors":"Raymundo Martínez-Cuevas, Andrea Medellín-Ortega, Enrique E López-Facio, Rosa L Escareño-Zuñiga, Gabriela Alvarado-Jiménez, Cecilia M González-Prado-García, Jesús G Muñiz-Ugarte","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rhabdoid tumors are malignant neoplasms of low prevalence, aggressive behavior, and high mortality. They were initially described as renal tumors, although tumors with the same histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics have been discovered in other locations, mainly in the central nervous system. Few cases of mediastinal location have been reported internationally. This work aimed to describe the case of a mediastinal rhabdoid tumor.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We describe the case of an 8-month-old male patient admitted to the pediatric department with dysphonia and laryngeal stridor progressing to severe respiratory distress. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the thorax showed a large mass with homogeneous soft tissue density, and smooth and well-defined borders, with suspicion of malignant neoplasm. Due to the oncological emergency compressing the airway, empirical chemotherapy was initiated. Subsequently, the patient underwent incomplete tumor resection due to its invasive nature. The pathology report showed morphology compatible with a rhabdoid tumor, which immunohistochemical and genetic studies corroborated. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy to the mediastinum were administered. However, the patient died three months after the initial treatment due to the aggressive behavior of the tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rhabdoid tumors are aggressive and malignant entities difficult to control and have poor survival. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are required, although the 5-year survival does not exceed 40%. It is necessary to analyze and report more similar cases to establish specific treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 1","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9491384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jackelyn S Paez-Velasquez, Horacio Márquez-González, Jéssica H Guadarrama-Orozco
{"title":"Antibiotics in the end-of-life phase in pediatric oncological patients with a diagnosis of terminal illness: a dilemma.","authors":"Jackelyn S Paez-Velasquez, Horacio Márquez-González, Jéssica H Guadarrama-Orozco","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.23000039","DOIUrl":"10.24875/BMHIM.23000039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric cancer patients in the final phase of life receive antibiotics empirically. The decision to start, maintain, or stop the antibiotic administration as part of care at this stage is a dilemma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study including cancer patients in the final phase of life, hospitalized during the last 5 to 7 days of life. We included demographic variables, diagnoses, days of hospitalization, cultures, antibiotics used, prevalent symptoms in the last week of life, and principal diagnosis at the time of death, and performed descriptive statistics and a chord diagram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two patients were included; 18 (81.81%) received antibiotic treatment. The mean age was 8.75 years. The predominant pathologies were central nervous system tumors in seven patients (31.81%). Of the total, 18 (81.81%) had an infectious diagnosis reported as bloodstream infection, followed by pneumonia in three (13.63%). The main cause of death was respiratory failure (40.9%). Of the 18 patients with an infectious diagnosis, 16 (88.88%) received empiric therapy. Predominant factors for antibiotic use were more than 7 days of hospitalization (75%), ICU admission (100%), invasive devices (88.8%), and aminergic support (100%). The predominant symptoms were dyspnea (68.18%), pain (50%), and fever (40.9%), which persisted in nine (60%), two (18.18%), and five (55.5%) patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of guidelines for antibiotic administration leads to excessive and potentially unnecessary use, which can lead to discomfort, prolonged hospitalization, bacterial resistance, excessive cost, and suffering without symptom control.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 5","pages":"279-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107590216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina M Zurita-Martínez, Diana A Guerrero-Reséndiz, Horacio Silva-Ramírez, Carlos Alcántara-Noguez, Luz A Lechuga-Mendoza, Diana C Jiménez-Arrieta, Isabel Vera-López, Alejandra P Torres-Hinojosa
{"title":"Bowel obstruction related to hydrogel beads.","authors":"Paulina M Zurita-Martínez, Diana A Guerrero-Reséndiz, Horacio Silva-Ramírez, Carlos Alcántara-Noguez, Luz A Lechuga-Mendoza, Diana C Jiménez-Arrieta, Isabel Vera-López, Alejandra P Torres-Hinojosa","doi":"10.24875/BMHIM.22000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.22000137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bowel obstruction due to accidental ingestion of foreign objects occurs rarely in children because 80 to 90% of the objects can pass freely through the gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a case of a 14-month-old infant who presented bowel obstruction caused by the ingestion of hydrogel beads (sodium polyacrylate). Hydrogel beads are used as sensory and didactic toys that can increase their initial size 200 to 400 times by liquid absorption. An abdominal X-ray was perfomed in anteroposterior supine projection, where a round filling defect at the loop of the right flank was detected; this came to our attention because hydrogel beads are usually radiolucent. The diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasound where free intraperitoneal fluid was reported with data of small bowel pseudo-obstruction by foreign objects. Conservative treatment was prescribed, finding persistence of increased abdominal perimeter, so an enterotomy was performed for their removal; finding impacted hydrogel beads 30 centimeters from the ileocecal valve.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hydrogel beads are dangerous for the pediatric population. The evolution of the patient was favorable thanks to the knowledge of the foreign objects ingested. The expectant behavior that had to be executed, stands out because we had no knowledge as to the maximum size of the hydrogel in the gastrointestinal tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":9103,"journal":{"name":"Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México","volume":"80 Supl 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9890406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}