Stem cell and translational investigation最新文献_第2页

The specter of plutonium in modern warfare 现代战争中钚的幽灵

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-06-29 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1359

A. Duraković

{"title":"The specter of plutonium in modern warfare","authors":"A. Duraković","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.1359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.1359","url":null,"abstract":"The current global reality of re-emerging of the Cold War, migration of the large segments of the global population, depletion of natural resources, and the ever-increasing need for alternate energy presents existential challenges to geopolitical unresolved crisis, and ultimately, stability of the biosphere. While the strategic nuclear confrontation is an unlikely scenario because of its irreversible consequences, tactical warfare is a realistic probability of the outcomes of regional and geopolitical differences around the globe. The fragile and limited scope of the stratosphere, including the airspace and waters, provides ever-decreasing probabilities of expansion, limited options for sustainable life, and increasing risk to the survival of the environment. The industrial pollution is enhanced by the nuclear age radioactive environment, which is irreversible in light of man-made insults to the biosphere by the nuclear-era civilian and military release of man-made imbalance. Non-proliferation nuclear treaties, to which not all countries are signatories, do not provide a prospect of security for mankind in the current polarized geopolitical realities, enhanced by clandestine use of nuclear-era destructive powers and by settling regional differences in the confrontational rather than compromising manor. Current realities of the instabilities of the Middle and Far East, large segments of Euro-Asia, shifting of the military priorities, and unceasing production of the nuclear arsenals appear a challenge not only to the well-being, but to sustainable homeostasis. Radiation dispersal devices, nuclear terrorism, renewable energy challenges, chemical and radioactive pollution, melting of the polar caps, and global warming present existential challenges to this fragile segment of the galaxy. The advent of transuranic elements, exemplified by plutonium, adds a recent relatively new dimension to the challenges facing the biosphere. This article attempts to objectively assess the role of radioactive pollution by actinides in the current global reality.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66658081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiation Protocols to Generate Endoderm Lineages from Pluripotent Stem Cells 多能干细胞分化产生内胚层细胞系的研究

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-06-13 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1340

Xie Luo, Han Wang, J. Leighton, M. O'Sullivan, Pei-Rong Wang

引用次数: 0

Stem cells and aging 干细胞与衰老

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-05-09 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1289

M. Singer

引用次数: 0

Cord blood: Spotlight on the processing step 脐带血:聚焦于处理步骤

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-05-09 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1284

N. Sato, C. Fricke

{"title":"Cord blood: Spotlight on the processing step","authors":"N. Sato, C. Fricke","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.1284","url":null,"abstract":"Cord blood (CB) can be stored processed or un-processed. The advantage of applying a processing step to the cord blood units (CBUs) for cord blood banks (CBBs) is that the volume can be reduced by depletion of plasma and sometimes also by reduction of red blood cell (RBC) number. This decreases the associated costs for storage. Another advantage is the reduction of the quantity of cryopreservation solution in the final product. As the RBCs tend to burst during the freezing and thawing step the decrease in RBC numbers reduces the possibly harmful cellular debris and free hemoglobin released by burst RBCs into the CBUs. However processing can potentially cause also a loss of the wanted cells, like the stem cell compartment or cause stress to these cells. Thus, the optimal processing system reduces volume and RBCs while at the same time leaving the wanted cells like the stem cell compartment with its hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic stem cells unaffected. Hematopoietic stem cells are mainly used as a source for transplants to reconstitute the blood forming cells while non-hematopoietic stem cells can support the hematopoietic stem cells in the transplant setting but are potentially useful also for other regenerative medicine or immune modulatory purposes. Many CBBs today use a processing step instead of storing the CB un-processed just by the addition of cryopreservation solution. Different processing systems exist which often employ a centrifugation step for processing of the CBUs. In addition, we described recently a manual system, CellEffic CB, which employs a filtration step eliminating the need for centrifugation and thus any machines and its associated costs. We will highlight here recent development in the cord blood industry and how the new filtration system can contribute to this industry.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploiting human iPS cell-derived cardiovascular cell populations toward cardiac regenerative therapy 利用人类iPS细胞衍生的心血管细胞群进行心脏再生治疗

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1226

H. Masumoto, J. Yamashita

{"title":"Exploiting human iPS cell-derived cardiovascular cell populations toward cardiac regenerative therapy","authors":"H. Masumoto, J. Yamashita","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.1226","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based cardiac regenerative therapy, it is indispensable to establish a method to efficiently induce cardiovascular cell populations from human iPSCs (hiPSCs). We have previously reported a novel serum-free high-density monolayer culture method to induce cardiomyocytes (CMs) from hiPSCs using a stage-specific sequential treatment with TGFβ superfamily molecules (Activin A and BMP4) and a canonical Wnt antagonist, Dkk1. We also succeeded in purifying the differentiated CMs by cell sorting, immunologically labelling the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), a CM-specific cell surface marker which was determined by cell surface marker screening. To induce vascular cells along with CMs, we modified the CM induction method using vascular endothelial cell growth factor on mesoderm-staged cells, which led to simultaneous induction of CMs and vascular cells. We reassembled the cardiovascular cell populations to form a cell sheet which showed a potential for cardiac functional recovery in a rodent myocardial infarction model. These cell differentiation toward cardiovascular cell populations from hiPSCs and bioengineered transplantation methods, could potentially promote hiPSC-based cardiac regenerative therapy in the future.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The role of the cancer stem cell marker USP22 in tumors 肿瘤干细胞标记物USP22在肿瘤中的作用

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-03-22 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1219

Qiu Guangying, M. Sisi, Jin Shengjian, Shao Wenhuan, L. Jing, Liu Tian, Zeng Si-en, L. Huiling

引用次数: 2

A system for the surveillance of stem cell fate and function 监测干细胞命运和功能的系统

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-02-29 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1195

G. Walmsley, Michael S. Hu, H. Lorenz, M. Longaker

{"title":"A system for the surveillance of stem cell fate and function","authors":"G. Walmsley, Michael S. Hu, H. Lorenz, M. Longaker","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.1195","url":null,"abstract":"Cell based therapies represent a promising area of research in regenerative medicine. However, the mechanism by which transplanted cells contribute to bone healing remains unclear. The authors utilized a transgenic mouse strain expressing both the topaz variant of green fluorescent protein under the control of the collagen type I alpha 1 promoter/enhancer sequence ( Col1a1 GFP ) and membrane-bound tomato red constitutively in all cells types ( R26 mTmG ) to decipher how both transplanted and endogenous cells mediate bone healing (1). Calvarial healing was assessed using both parietal and frontal defects and showed that frontal osteoblasts express Col1a1 to a significantly greater degree than parietal osteoblasts. Col1a1 GFP ; R26 mTmG mice were also used to observe the behavior of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and osteoblasts following transplantation into critical-sized calvarial defects. ASCs significantly increased the rate of bone healing and exhibited both increased survival and Col1a1 expression when compared to BM-MSCs and osteoblasts. These results support the Col1a1 GFP ; R26 mTmG system as a promising technology for the evaluation of stem cell populations in cell-based therapeutics for the purposes of bone healing.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A strategy for culturing human pluripotent stem cells for translational research 培养用于转化研究的人类多能干细胞的策略

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2016-01-12 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1134

J. Jung, Byung Soo Kim

引用次数: 0

Bone marrow-derived stem cells differentiate into retinal pigment epithelium-like cells in vitro but are not able to repair retinal degeneration in vivo 骨髓源性干细胞在体外分化为视网膜色素上皮样细胞，但在体内不能修复视网膜变性

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2015-10-15 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.1017

S. Lecaudé, U. Wolf-Schnurrbusch, H. Abdillahi, V. Enzmann

{"title":"Bone marrow-derived stem cells differentiate into retinal pigment epithelium-like cells in vitro but are not able to repair retinal degeneration in vivo","authors":"S. Lecaudé, U. Wolf-Schnurrbusch, H. Abdillahi, V. Enzmann","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.1017","url":null,"abstract":"The bone marrow (BM) is home to different stem/progenitor populations, including tissue-committed stem cells. In this context, we have cocultured BM-derived stem cells (BMSC) in order to investigate their differentiation capacity towards the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lineage in vitro . Furthermore, pre-differentiated BMSC were transplanted into the pharmacologically damaged subretinal space to determine their rescue ability in vivo . BM was harvested from the tibias and femurs of adult GFP + C57BL/6 mice. Differentiated hematopoietic cells were removed by lineage depletion, and CD45 - BMSCs were separated by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). To induce differentiation, the cells were then cocultured with murine RPE for 10 days, and retinal markers were assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). To induce retinal degeneration, mice were treated with sodium iodate (NaIO 3 ). Seven days later, approx. 60,000 pre-differentiated GFP + BMSC, sorted by FACS, were transplanted subretinally. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to follow the transplants and to quantify the retinal thickness over time. Visual acuity was measured concurrently using the optokinetic reflex (OKR). Finally, IHC was performed to investigate the expression of retina-specific markers in the transplants. CD45 - BMSC adopted an RPE-like elongated morphology and showed expression of the RPE markers RPE65 and bestrophin after coculture. After transplantation of CD45 - BMSC, visual acuity increased in individual animals compared to the contralateral control eye, but did not reach baseline levels. Additionally, no significant increase in retinal thickness in the transplanted eye was found. However, the cells were detectable in the subretinal space for up to 28 days and expressed the RPE markers RPE65 and bestrophin. In summary, the BMSC differentiated into RPE-like cells but were not able to restore visual function or rescue retinal morphology after subretinal transplantation.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66657834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Nutraceuticals and cardiovascular risk: potential role of EPCs modulation 营养药品和心血管风险:EPCs调节的潜在作用

Stem cell and translational investigation Pub Date : 2015-09-22 DOI: 10.14800/SCTI.949

R. Russo, D. Lucchesi, V. Longo, Morena Gabriele, G. Penno, L. Pucci

{"title":"Nutraceuticals and cardiovascular risk: potential role of EPCs modulation","authors":"R. Russo, D. Lucchesi, V. Longo, Morena Gabriele, G. Penno, L. Pucci","doi":"10.14800/SCTI.949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/SCTI.949","url":null,"abstract":"According to WHO cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the first cause of death in the world: more people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. Vascular endothelium plays a pivotal role in the onset and the progression of these pathologies and cardiovascular risk factors are frequently associated to the levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), bone marrow-derived circulating progenitors for the endothelial lineage. Since EPCs not only preserve vascular endothelium homeostasis, but directly participate to re-endothelization and neovascularization, these cells represent an emerging actor in vascular competence and thus a cell model of great interest. An unhealthy diet is one of the main cardiovascular risk factor; there is indeed a great interest in the potential protective effects of \"nutraceuticals,\", food-derived compounds that exert beneficial effects on human and animal health. The characterization of the endothelial effects of different nutraceuticals may provide fresh insights into their potential role in CVDs prevention. Several studies have already showed the protective effects of natural antioxidants on EPCs levels and functionality; some examples are resveratrol, catechin and folic acid. Fermentation has recently shown interesting roles in cardiovascular prevention since this process created a new class of food, rich in bioactive compounds, the fermented food. Consumption of fermented legumes and cereals, but also fermented beverages (such as beer and wine) was found to protect endothelial function through lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms. Little is known about the effects of fermentation-derived nutraceuticals on EPCs and given the important role of this cardiovascular biomarker, further analysis in this field can improve CVDs prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":90974,"journal":{"name":"Stem cell and translational investigation","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66658668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0