MOJ immunology最新文献

{"title":"Access to Immunological Markers for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Togo with Regard to 2010 ACR/EULAR Classification","authors":"M. Kolou, A. Bigot, K. Kakpovi, Amivi Amenyah-Ehlan, M. Salou, M. Mijiyawa, M. Prince-david","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00180","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatism with an autoimmune component and destruction of synovial joints, leading to severe disability and premature mortality [1]. It is the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatism in the world with a prevalence of 0.5 to 1% [2]. For a long time, it was assumed that RA was rare in black Africa, but more recently, studies and systematic reviews of the literature have shown that this disease is not uncommon. According to these recent studies, the prevalence of RA in Africa is about 0.1 to 0.6% [3-5].","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47170515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food-Induced Pulmonary Hemosiderosis","authors":"J. Alsukhon, A. Elisa, G. Koon, A. Leonov","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00179","url":null,"abstract":"A two-month-old male with past medical history of recurrent diarrhea and failure to thrive presented with persistent cough, tachypnea and high inflammatory markers despite antibiotic treatment for pneumonia. One week earlier our patient was diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia based on same symptoms as well as chest x-ray findings, and was started on Amoxicillin 80mg/kg/day. There was no fever. Patient was born full-term via scheduled cesarean section, with no complications noted during pregnancy or delivery. Since birth, patient experienced a decrease in weight for age percentiles and watery diarrhea. He went through multiple types of formula and following positive stool lactoferrin, he was switched to a partially hydrolyzed formula. His diarrhea improved suggesting the patient had a food protein allergy. Otherwise, patient’s family and social history were non-contributory. On exam, patient was a febrile, showed no significant distress, mild nasal congestion with occasional cough and mild intercostals retractions. The chest auscultation was normal. There were no rashes. Remainder of the physical exam was unremarkable. Laboratory results included the following (reference ranges provided parenthetically): Hemoglobin of 9 gm/dl (9.0-15.0), WBC of 23.4 (5.0-19.5 X 10(9)/L), platelets of 919 (140-440 X10(9)/L), C-reactive protein of 33.4 mg/L (<6.0), erythrocyte sedimentation rate of >130 mm/hr (0-2). Procalcitonin, lactic acid, electrolyte panel, liver enzymes and the rest of the complete blood count (CBC) were unremarkable. A respiratory viral panel was negative. Sweat chloride test was also performed and found to be negative. Aspiration and tracheoesophageal fistula were deemed unlikely after evaluation with swallow study and upper gastrointestinal series with barium that showed lack of aspiration and normal anatomy with contrast staying within the gastrointestinal tract. Patient was started on azithromycin to cover atypical bacteria. Pulmonary infiltrates, tachypnea, high inflammatory markers and thrombocytosis persisted despite antibiotic treatment for pneumonia. Allergy/immunology, infectious disease, hematology and gastrointestinal consults were done. Primary thrombocytosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) were excluded by hematology team. From infectious disease, extreme thrombocytosis and leukocytosis was not related to the atypical pneumonia and the underlying cause was unclear. Given the history of possible food protein allergy, ongoing GI inflammation was suspected despite clinical improvement in diarrhea, and this was confirmed by repeating fecal lactoferrin and calprotectin that remained elevated on the partially hydrolyzed formula. With indication of inadequate control of food protein allergy, Heiner’s syndrome was suspected and patient was switched to an amino acid-based formula during this hospital admission. Cow’s milk IgG4 was found to be elevated to 10.20 mcg/mL (normal range; <0.15 mcg/mL). Cow’s milk IgE was normal (no","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42768822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mast Cells and their Role in Inflammatory and Tumor Tissues","authors":"Ö. Özdemir","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00178","url":null,"abstract":"Mast cells are multifunctional cells and they can also have a role as effector factors of the human innate and adaptive immune system. While a number of researchers still assume Mast cells to be augmenters of tumor growth, particularly via their effects on neoplastic angiogenesis; growing clinical and laboratory information also signify that Mast Cells could hamper tumor development. This inhibitory or promoting effect of Mast cells on tumor expansion seems to be depending on numerous relations among Mast cell, tumor cell type and the tumor stroma. Further in vitro and in vivo researches are required to elucidate more the interactions among Mast cells, tumor tissue and other inflammatory cells.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49503677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopharmaceutical Innovation Responsibility and Ethical Use of Placebo","authors":"Kadour Ghanemi, Shuangsheng Yan","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00177","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last era, the biopharmaceutical innovation has played an active role in health care and human life quality improvement. The contribution of new bio drugs in enhancing the population’s health and providing welfare for the population in a sort that has never been seen before. However, despite all the benefits it has achieved, biopharmaceutical innovation does not escape from the bioethical challenge and rational guidelines that should adhere to its research process. Previously, the biopharmaceutical innovation was not deeply within the ethical debates Nevertheless, this character of thoughts has changed when the ethical standards awareness of the public and the health professionals have increased.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42750170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virotherapy with Newcastle Disease Virus for Cancer Treatment and its Efficacy in Clinical Trials","authors":"S. Bonab, N. Khansari","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00176","url":null,"abstract":"Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: NDV: Newcastle Disease Virus; APMV-1: Avian Paramyxovirus Type I; IFN: Interferon; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Associated Antigen-4; RCC: Renal Cell Carcinoma; HNSCC: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma; IL-2: Interleukin-2; DTH: Delayed Type Hypersensitivity; Gy: Gray; BCG: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; HN: Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase; CD: Cluster of Differentiation; DCs: Dendritic Cells; PSA: ProstateSpecific Antigen","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47617323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of Interleukin 4 and Immunoglobulin E in Umbilical Cord Blood from Children Born to Allergic Mothers","authors":"Rodríguez Alvarez Ligia Aurora, Zabala Galet Mayerling, Tocuyo Janine del Valle, Pellizzeri Sanchez Aura Estela","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00175","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: A descriptive, exploratory and non-experimental study was carried out considering all the children of allergic mothers. Five (5) ml of blood was drawn from the subject’s umbilical cord with a sterile injector; then three (3) ml of serum was collected by centrifugation. Three (3) ml of blood was also extracted from the mother to process the levels of Immunoglobulin E. Measurements of Interleukin 4 (Pg/ml) and Immunoglobulin E (IU) was performed by the Indirect Elisa Technique. To evaluate levels of Interleukin 4, detectable and non-detectable categories were used; the referential value was 0,2 Pg/ml. Values lower than 0,2 were considered no detectable and values higher than 0,2 Pg/ml were considered detectable. A 50-200 IU referential value was considered to evaluate Immunoglobulin E levels in mothers; as for the newborns values higher than 10 IU and lower than 10 UT were used as referential values for Immunoglobulin E. The patients were followed-up of in the first three months of postnatal life.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42673455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dealing with Garbage is the Immune System’s Main Job","authors":"K. Rosenthal","doi":"10.15406/moji.2017.05.00174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/moji.2017.05.00174","url":null,"abstract":"The classical analogy for the immune system is of a military response to invasion. This is appropriate for explaining the complexities of the system’s response to infectious challenges but does not deal with the normal, routine, status quo functions of the system, as would occur during peacetime. As with the military, understanding the function of the immune response and its components requires an understanding of their responses and roles in maintenance of normal, status quo, everyday situations of the body and their ability to react to sporadic challenges. What follows is not meant to be a detailed or referenced review but more of an opinion to be shared with others besides my own students. Like a city, the body is constantly creating cellular and molecular garbage.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":"215 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41272795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Aspirin Effect on Candida Glabrata Isolates with Resistance to Azole Compounds by Real-Time PCR","authors":"F. Nojoomi, M. Vafaei, F. Bagheri, Zohreh Zamanian","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00173","url":null,"abstract":"Materials and methods: Five C. glabrata isolates were collected from patients with candidal vulvovaginitis referred to clinic. The antibiotic susceptibility test of isolates for fluconazole was performed according to the CLSI M38-A2 standard protocol. A 64μg/ml aspirin and 500ug/ml and likewise 64μg/ml fluconazole were used for the MIC detection test. The RNA of isolates was prepared according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Synthesis of cDNA was conducted with the 1621K kit (Fermentase).. The RT-PCR reaction was set up for ERG3, ERG6 and ERG11 genes and the housekeeping gene Beta-actin (β-actin) was amplified as internal control.","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Status of Schistosomiasis Disease among Coastal Countries of Persian Gulf in the Middle East","authors":"A. Ghasemian, F. Nojoomi, H. R. Vardanjani","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46841166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Formula for BCG Scar and Tuberculin Test Response","authors":"R. Ghaderi","doi":"10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJI.2017.05.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is an important disease in the world especially in developing and undeveloped regions and PPD test is the standard test for diagnosis of this infectious disease [1-3]. BCG vaccination has proven to be the most effective technique for controlling tuberculosis in the world especially in developing countries [1]. The BCG vaccination is the most extensively used immunization worldwide, nevertheless it can effect in the correct interpretation of the PPD test [3]. The rates of positive Tuberculin Test responses and BCG scar after BCG vaccination vary between surveys and different regions in the world [2-13]. PPD test after vaccination can evaluate the immunogenic activity and protective efficacy of the, BCG immunization at birth is common in China. In a multi-site prospective cohort study, the immunological reactivity against BCG is evaluated in four prefectural cities in China [1]. According to their results, not only the BCG vaccination among newborn infants in China causes satisfactory immune response, but also BCG scars provide a useful marker of immunization response in Chinese infants. BCG scarring and PPD reactivity possibly linked to better child survival in low-income countries. Therefore, in a study, determinants for Tuberculin test reaction and scarring was investigated in Guinea-Bissau [2]. In the multivariable analyses of BCG-vaccinated children evaluated at 6 months of age, monitoring of vaccination technique and type of BCG vaccine were important. It is concluded that vaccination technique and BCG strain are important for Tuberculin test reaction and scarring in response to BCG vaccination. Considering that these responses are associated with better infant survival, the importance of monitoring vaccination technique and of different BCG strains must be assessed with regard to infant mortality. PPD reactivity and BCG scarring have been argued as valid markers of BCG effectiveness for prevention of tuberculosis [2,8-16]. We therefore aim to evaluate BCG scars and Tuberculin test response after BCG vaccination in 4 year children in Birjand City, Iran (exactly 4 years old).","PeriodicalId":90928,"journal":{"name":"MOJ immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48816592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}