BMC Nephrology最新文献

{"title":"Co-occurrence of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 and glomerulosclerosis in a patient with a de novo INF2 variant.","authors":"Yin Ding, Zejun Wu, Xuanli Tang, Xianfa Li","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03891-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03891-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal disease is associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), a common inherited neurological disorder. Three forms of CMT have been identified: CMT1 of the demyelinating type, CMT2 of the axonal defect type, and intermediate type (Int-CMT). INF2 is an important target for variants that cause the complex symptoms of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and CMT.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 13-year-old female Chinese patient (born in 2011) with a rare co-occurrence of CMT1 and glomerulosclerosis (GS) (CMT1-GS). The patient presented with slowly progressive gait disorder with unsteadiness during walking, pes cavus, and kyphoscoliosis since the age of 1 year. Electrophysiological studies and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed demyelinating features consistent with CMT1. At 12 years of age, she was hospitalised for hypertension and dizziness; her serum albumin was 27.9 g/L, serum creatinine was 87 μmol/L, estimated glomerular filtration rate was 88.6 mL/min, and 24-h urine protein was 4.95 g. A renal biopsy showed glomerulosclerosis. Renal function deteriorated further during the follow-up period, and she received a kidney transplant at the age of 13. Whole-exome sequencing identified a de novo heterozygous c.326T > G (p.Met109Arg) variant in exon 2 of INF2. The variant was classified as \"pathogenic\" according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We describe a rare clinical phenotype of CMT1-GS associated with a de novo variant of INF2. Our findings expand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrums of INF2-associated disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The role of age and sex in non-linear dilution adjustment of spot urine arsenic.","authors":"Thomas Clemens Carmine","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03834-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03834-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, NGAL, and renal function, and their diagnostic value in patients with chronic kidney disease: a retrospective study.","authors":"Liyin Chai, Jun Zeng, Li Gong, Zhuhong Li, Fang Wang, Zhengyang Liu, Wang Fan, Bingbing Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03875-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03875-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The primary aim of this study is to explore the relationship between serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL, and renal function in patients with CKD, as well as to evaluate their diagnostic value for early detection and monitoring of disease progression in CKD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 108 patients with chronic kidney disease admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023. The patients were divided into the mild renal insufficiency group (51 cases) and the severe renal insufficiency group (57 cases). The differences in serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL between the two groups were compared, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the three levels and renal function. ROC analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of the three markers for the diagnosis of CKD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL in the mild renal insufficiency group were lower than those in the severe renal insufficiency group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL were positively correlated with the deterioration of renal function (P < 0.001), indicating a significant correlation between LOX-1, hs-cTnT, NGAL levels, and the deterioration of renal function. ROC analysis showed that the AUC of serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, and NGAL were 0.859, 0.882, and 0.841, indicating a significant predictive value for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum levels of LOX-1, hs-cTnT, NGAL, and related markers demonstrate a direct association with the extent of renal impairment, offering predictive capabilities for diagnosing CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11600683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in lupus nephritis patients in China: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yu Hong, Yi Yang, Ying Yao","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03882-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03882-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is a significant concern among individuals with lupus nephritis (LN), with reported prevalence rates exhibiting considerable variation. This study investigates the prevalence and identifies risk factors contributing to osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal LN patients, addressing the paucity of data specific to the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with renal biopsy-proven LN, who underwent bone mineral density (BMD) measurements using dual X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. The study was conducted at Tongji hospital from May 2011 to June 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 130 patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 46.2 ± 12.9 years, including 2 males and 128 females. A significant majority, 52.3% (n = 67) of the female patients, were identified as postmenopausal. BMD measurements revealed that 40.0% of patients had osteoporosis in at least one site. The spearman rank correlation of BMD with clinical characteristics indicated that age at menopause, weight, height, and body mass index were positively correlated with BMD, while age, age at diagnosis of LN, and menopause duration were negatively correlated with BMD in lumbar spine, total hip, and/or femoral neck. Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that body mass index was positively associated with BMD, whereas disease duration and menopause duration were negatively associated with BMD in all and postmenopausal patients. Postmenopausal patients consistently had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis across all measured sites. Factors such as older age, lower weight, and the absence of bisphosphonates therapy were independently associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in LN patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore a substantial prevalence of osteoporosis in LN patients, especially among postmenopausal individuals. The study identifies older age, lower weight, and absence of bisphosphonates treatment as risk factors for osteoporosis in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteinuria following administration of immune check point inhibitor: a case-control observational study.","authors":"Jianan Su, Zhuofei Bi, Pengwei Chen, Ziqing Gao, Qiongqiong Yang, Min Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03868-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03868-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Proteinuria during treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) was another renal adverse event besides from acute kidney injury. We aim to investigate the incidence and associated factors of proteinuria associated with ICIs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A case-control observational study about ICIs-treated cancer patients was conducted. Clinical and laboratory data at the baseline and during the follow-up was collected. Patients developed proteinuria during ICIs-treatment were classified to the proteinuria group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 2019 and August 2022, 440 patients were included in the study. Forty-eight patients (10.9%) developed proteinuria after ICIs-treatment. The occurrence of acute kidney injury between the proteinuria group and the control showed no difference[1(2.1%) vs. 9(2.3%), p = 1.000]. By multivariable logistic analysis, accumulative cycle of ICIs-administration (OR 1.079, 95% CI 1.033 to 1.127, p = 0.001) and comorbidity of liver cirrhosis (OR 2.198, 95% CI 1.082 to 4.468, p = 0.030) were associated with occurrence of proteinuria after ICIs-treatment independently.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Proteinuria could develop during the course of ICIs-therapy. Urinalysis should be monitored, especially for patients received multi-cycle of ICIs-administration and comorbid with liver cirrhosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIVKA-II but not dp-ucMGP is associated with aortic calcification in chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Jakob Nyvad, Kent Lodberg Christensen, Gratien Andersen, Mark Reinhard, Bjarne Linde Nørgaard, Jonna Skov Madsen, Sebastian Nielsen, Martin Bjergskov Thomsen, Jesper Møller Jensen, Christian Daugaard Peters, Niels Henrik Buus","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03876-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03876-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are susceptible to vascular calcification and vitamin K deficiency. Matrix gla protein (MGP) is a potent inhibitor of calcification requiring vitamin K for activation. Inactive MGP, i.e. dephosphorylated uncarboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP), is frequently elevated in CKD along with protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II). We investigated whether dp-ucMGP and PIVKA-II are useful markers of aortic calcification in CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with normal or reduced kidney function underwent a non-contrast computed tomography scan of the entire aorta with subsequent blinded standard calcification scoring of the aortic wall ad modum Agatston. Blood samples were analyzed for plasma concentrations of dp-ucMGP and PIVKA-II.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>141 patients (104 with CKD stage 3-5) were included. In patients with/without CKD median (interquartile range) were dp-ucMGP 543 (503-744)/1078 (835-1682) pmol/l (P < 0.01); PIVKA-II 19.3 (16.3-23.5)/21.8 (17.2-36.8) ng/ml (P = 0.33) and aortic Agatston scores 1644 (729-4138)/7172 (2834-15360) (P < 0.01). Agatston score was positively associated with PIVKA-II (β = 0.71, P = 0.014, r² = 0.04) and tended to be so with dp-ucMGP (β = 0.44, P = 0.08, r² = 0.02). Age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and smoking status were also associated with Agatston score and remained so, along with PIVKA-II, when adjusted for potential confounders. However, the association between age and aortic Agatston score was stronger than for PIVKA-II, eGFR and smoking-status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin K deficiency, as estimated through PIVKA-II, but not dp-ucMGP, is weakly associated with aortic Agatston score. Yet, as markers of aortic calcification, both were outperformed substantially by age, and neither surpassed smoking nor eGFR.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong></p><p><strong>Gov identifier: </strong>NCT04114695.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11600904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephrology providers' perspective and use of mortality prognostic tools in dialysis patients.","authors":"Jennifer Bergeron, Christina Marchese, Colton Jensen, Sean Meagher, Amanda G Kennedy, Bradley Tompkins, Katharine L Cheung","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03861-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03861-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mortality prognostic tools exist to aid in shared decision making with kidney failure patients but are underutilized. This study aimed to elucidate nephrology providers' practice patterns and understand barriers to prognostic tool use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nephrology providers (8 physicians and 2 nurse practitioners) at an academic medical center underwent semi-structured interviews regarding their experience and perspective on the utility of mortality prognostic tools. Common themes were identified independently by 2 reviewers using grounded theory. Three six-month mortality prognostic tools were applied to the 279 prevalent dialysis patients that the interviewed providers care for. The C statistic was calculated for each tool via logistic regression and subsequent ROC analysis. Nephrology providers reviewed the performance of the prognostication tools in their own patient population. A post interview reassessed perspectives and any change in attitudes regarding the tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nephrology providers did not use these mortality prognostic tools in their practice. Key barriers identified were provider concern that the tools were not generalizable to their patients, providers' trust in their own clinical judgement over that of a prognostic tool, time constraints, and lack of knowledge about the data behind these tools. When re-interviewed with the results of the three prognostic tools in their patients, providers thought the tools performed as expected, but still did not intend to use the tools in their practice. They reported that these tools are good for populations, but not individual patients. The providers preferred to use clinical gestalt for prognostication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although several well validated prognostic tools are available for predicting mortality, the nephrology providers studied do not use them in routine practice, even after an educational intervention. Other approaches should be explored to help incorporate prognostication in shared-decision-making for patients receiving dialysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexually dimorphic response to tobacco in the development of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Nicole Wu, Ryan Chow, Natasha Verhoeff, Aditi Venkatraman, Alexander Xiang, Evan Fong, Olivia Heid, Risa Shorr, Sadia Jama, Aaron Cowan, Smita Pakhale","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03845-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03845-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) demonstrates a complex interaction with tobacco exposure and sex differences, where females and males may experience varying risks and outcomes. This study aims to investigate how sex differences mediate the relationship between tobacco exposure and CKD development, with a secondary focus on regional variability and social determinants of health.</p><p><strong>Study selection and criteria: </strong>Comprehensive searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, clinicaltrials.gov, and MedRxiv until October 6, 2022, were conducted. Eligibility criteria involved any study that reported primary data on the prevalence of CKD, with information pertaining to both sex and tobacco exposure.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data retrieved include patient socio-demographic characteristics, general study information, diagnostic methods, social determinants of health, and the cause of CKD (e.g., tobacco-related or non-tobacco-related).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies were selected through a comprehensive search using key terms such as \"chronic kidney disease,\" \"smoking,\" and \"sex differences,\" which identified 3,025 articles, of which 28 were selected for full texts after screening titles, abstracts. Among the 28 included studies, smoking was consistently identified as a significant risk factor for CKD, with notable disparities related to sex, socioeconomic status, race, and urban versus rural settings. Significant geographical variability in CKD prevalence was observed, ranging from 2.5% to 68.1%, with the highest prevalence in Asia. However, due to high heterogeneity and methodological limitations, a meta-analysis of CKD prevalence stratified by sex and tobacco exposure was not feasible.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings emphasize the need for further research to comprehend the intricate relationship between, tobacco exposure, sex, and CKD management, as well as the consideration of cultural, geographical, socioeconomic, political, and structural factors when understanding the pathophysiology and management of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocyte indices and response to hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors in chronic kidney disease patients with renal anemia: a retrospective study.","authors":"Kohei Odajima, Shigeyuki Arai, Ryo Kido, Hitoshi Anzai, Maika Gojo, Shuntaro Taira, Rena Matsui, Yoshihide Fujigaki, Shigeru Shibata","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03877-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03877-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been the standard treatment for renal anemia, ESA hyporesponsiveness remains a concern. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are a new class of agents indicated for renal anemia. Several lines of evidence indicate that HIF-PHIs affect erythrocyte indices; nonetheless, their clinical significance remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 233 non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients who initiated either ESA (darbepoetin) or HIF-PHI for the treatment of anemia. We analyzed the changes in hemoglobin levels three months after the initiation of anti-anemic treatments, examining their association with changes in erythrocyte indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both ESA and HIF-PHIs significantly increased hemoglobin levels after three months of treatment. In the HIF-PHI group, the increase in hemoglobin levels was positively correlated with the increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels, a finding that was not observed in the ESA group. In a subgroup analysis based on the mean reference range value for MCV (90.9 fL), a significant difference in the proportion of patients with improved anemia was observed between ESA and HIF-PHIs in patients with lower MCV values. Logistic regression and interaction analyses confirmed that there was a significant interaction between baseline MCV values and the effectiveness of anti-anemic drugs, independently of other covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An increase in hemoglobin levels is associated with an increase in MCV in patients treated with HIF-PHIs. The anti-anemic effects of ESA and HIF-PHIs may be influenced by baseline MCV values. However, long-term consequences need further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney disease diagnosed by serum creatinine or cystatin C among young people living with HIV in Uganda.","authors":"Esther M Nasuuna, Laurie A Tomlinson, Robert Kalyesubula, Chido Dziva Chikwari, Barbara Castelnuovo, Yukari C Manabe, Damalie Nakanjako, Helen A Weiss","doi":"10.1186/s12882-024-03865-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12882-024-03865-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) are at increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis is important to halt progression. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with CKD among YPLHIV in Kampala, Uganda, and to compare serum creatinine and cystatin C for early diagnosis of CKD in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study with YPLHIV aged 10 to 24 years was conducted in seven HIV clinics. Participants provided a urine and blood sample to measure urinary albumin, proteinuria, serum creatinine and cystatin C levels at baseline and after three months. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using CKDEPI 2021, Cockroft-Gault and bedside Schwartz equations using creatinine or cystatin C. The albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) and proteinuria were measured. CKD was defined as either eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m² or < 90 ml/min/1.73m² or ACR above 30 mg/g on two separate occasions. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for factors associated with CKD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 500 participants were enrolled. Most were female (56%; n = 280) and aged 10 to 17 years (66.9%; n = 335). CKD prevalence ranged from 0 to 23% depending on the criteria, equation and biomarker used. Cystatin C-based equations estimated higher prevalence of CKD compared to creatinine-based ones. Prevalence of ACR above 30 mg/g was 10.1% and of proteinuria 29%. Factors independently associated with CKD were age (aOR = 1.42; 95% CI:1.30-1.51) and male sex (aOR = 3.02; 95% CI:1.68-5.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CKD prevalence among YPLHIV varied substantially depending on definitions used and the current definition would likely lead to missed cases of CKD among YPLHIV. Estimating equations should be validated against measured GFR in YPLHIV and the optimal definition of CKD in this vulnerable population should be revised to optimise detection and opportunities for reducing disease progression.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9089,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":"422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}