ISRN biotechnology最新文献_第2页

NaCl Effects on In Vitro Germination and Growth of Some Senegalese Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Cultivars. NaCl对塞内加尔豇豆(Vigna unguiculata, L.)萌发和生长的影响Walp)。品种。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-07-25 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/382417

Mahamadou Thiam, Antony Champion, Diaga Diouf, Mame Ourèye Sy

{"title":"NaCl Effects on In Vitro Germination and Growth of Some Senegalese Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Cultivars.","authors":"Mahamadou Thiam, Antony Champion, Diaga Diouf, Mame Ourèye Sy","doi":"10.5402/2013/382417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/382417","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is one of the most important grain legumes in sub-Saharian regions. It contributes to man food security by providing a protein-rich diet. However, its production is limited by abiotic stresses such as salinity. This study aims to evaluate the salt tolerance of 15 cowpea cultivars, at germination stage. The seed germination process consisted of sowing them in agarified water (8 g·L(-1)) supplemented with 6 different concentrations of NaCl (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM). Results highlighted that high salt concentrations drastically reduced germination and significantly delayed the process for all varieties. A cowpea varietal effect towards the salt tolerance was noticed. Genotypes Diongoma, 58-78, and 58-191 were more salt-tolerant cultivars while Mougne and Yacine were more salt-sensitive ones as confirmed in the three groups of the dendrogram. NaCl effects on the early vegetative growth of seedlings were assessed with a tolerant (58-191) and a susceptible (Yacine) cultivar. Morphological (length and dry biomass) and physiological (chlorophyll and proline contents) parameter measurements revealed a negative effect of high (NaCl). However, 58-191 was much more salt tolerant, and the chlorophyll and proline contents were higher than those of Yacine genotype at increasing salt concentrations. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"382417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Decolourisation of Synthetic Dyes by Endophytic Fungal Flora Isolated from Senduduk Plant (Melastoma malabathricum). 仙都植物内生真菌菌群对合成染料的脱色作用。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-07-22 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/260730

Ngui Sing Ngieng, Azham Zulkharnain, Hairul Azman Roslan, Ahmad Husaini

{"title":"Decolourisation of Synthetic Dyes by Endophytic Fungal Flora Isolated from Senduduk Plant (Melastoma malabathricum).","authors":"Ngui Sing Ngieng, Azham Zulkharnain, Hairul Azman Roslan, Ahmad Husaini","doi":"10.5402/2013/260730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/260730","url":null,"abstract":"A total of twenty endophytic fungi successfully isolated from Melastoma malabathricum (Senduduk) were examined for their ability to decolourise azo dyes: Congo red, Orange G, and Methyl red and an anthraquinone dye, Remazol Brilliant Blue R. Initial screening on the glucose minimal media agar plates amended with 200 mg L(-1) of each respective dye showed that only isolate MS8 was able to decolourise all of the four dyes. The isolate decolourised completely both the RBBR and Orange G in the agar medium within 8 days. Further quantitative analysis of the dye decolourisation by isolate MS8 in aqueous minimal medium showed that isolate MS8 was able to decolourise all the tested dyes at varying levels. Dye decolourisation by the isolate MS8 was determined to be 97% for RBBR, 33% for Orange G, 48% for Congo red, and 56% for Methyl red, respectively, within a period of 16 days. Molecular identification of the fungal isolate MS8 using primer ITS1 and ITS4 showed that isolate MS8 shared 99% sequence similarity with Marasmius cladophyllus, a Basidiomycete. The ability to decolourise different types of dyes by isolate MS8 thus suggested a possible application of this fungus in the decolourisation of dyestuff effluents. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"260730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Potential of aqueous ozone to control aflatoxigenic fungi in Brazil nuts. 水臭氧控制巴西坚果中黄曲霉毒素真菌的潜力。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-07-17 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/859830

Otniel Freitas-Silva, Héctor Morales-Valle, Armando Venâncio

引用次数: 15

Zinc uptake by lactic Acid bacteria. 乳酸菌对锌的吸收。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-03-13 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/312917

Alan Leonardi, Simona Zanoni, Marzia De Lucia, Alberto Amaretti, Stefano Raimondi, Maddalena Rossi

{"title":"Zinc uptake by lactic Acid bacteria.","authors":"Alan Leonardi, Simona Zanoni, Marzia De Lucia, Alberto Amaretti, Stefano Raimondi, Maddalena Rossi","doi":"10.5402/2013/312917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/312917","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to investigate zinc biosorption by strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria with a view to exploit them as organic matrixes for zinc dietary supplementation. Sixteen human strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were assayed for zinc uptake. The minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc salts differed among the strains, but was never below 15 mmol L(-1). When cultured in MRS broth containing 10 mmol L(-1) ZnSO4, all the strains were capable of accumulating zinc in the range between 11 and 135 μmol g(-1). The highest amount of cell-bound zinc was obtained in L. acidophilus WC 0203. pH-controlled batch cultures of this strain revealed that zinc uptake started in the growth phase, but occurred mostly during the stationary phase. Pasteurized and viable cultures accumulated similar amount of zinc, suggesting that a nonmetabolically mediated mechanism is involved in zinc uptake. These results provide new perspectives on the specific use of probiotics, since L. acidophilus WC 0203 could function as an organic matrix for zinc incorporation. The bioavailability of Lactobacillus-bound zinc deserves to be investigated to provide a future basis for optimization of zinc supplementation or fortification. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"312917"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Genetically modified plants: public and scientific perceptions. 转基因植物：公众和科学界的看法。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-03-07 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/820671

Smita Rastogi Verma

{"title":"Genetically modified plants: public and scientific perceptions.","authors":"Smita Rastogi Verma","doi":"10.5402/2013/820671","DOIUrl":"10.5402/2013/820671","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of genetically modified plants to meet the requirements of growing population is not being recognized at present. This is a consequence of concerns raised by the public and the critics about their applications and release into the environment. These include effect on human health and environment, biosafety, world trade monopolies, trustworthiness of public institutions, integrity of regulatory agencies, loss of individual choice, and ethics as well as skepticism about the real potential of the genetically modified plants, and so on. Such concerns are enormous and prevalent even today. However, it should be acknowledged that most of them are not specific for genetically modified plants, and the public should not forget that the conventionally bred plants consumed by them are also associated with similar risks where no information about the gene(s) transfer is available. Moreover, most of the concerns are hypothetical and lack scientific background. Though a few concerns are still to be disproved, it is viewed that, with proper management, these genetically modified plants have immense potential for the betterment of mankind. In the present paper, an overview of the raised concerns and wherever possible reasons assigned to explain their intensity or unsuitability are reviewed. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"820671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33146727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biofilm-mediated enhanced crude oil degradation by newly isolated pseudomonas species. 新分离的假单胞菌生物膜介导的增强原油降解。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-03-05 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/250749

Debdeep Dasgupta, Ritabrata Ghosh, Tapas K Sengupta

{"title":"Biofilm-mediated enhanced crude oil degradation by newly isolated pseudomonas species.","authors":"Debdeep Dasgupta, Ritabrata Ghosh, Tapas K Sengupta","doi":"10.5402/2013/250749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/250749","url":null,"abstract":"The bioavailability of organic contaminants to the degrading bacteria is a major limitation to efficient bioremediation of sites contaminated with hydrophobic pollutants. Such limitation of bioavailability can be overcome by steady-state biofilm-based reactor. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of such multicellular aggregation by naturally existing oil-degrading bacteria on crude oil degradation. Microorganisms, capable of utilizing crude oil as sole carbon source, were isolated from river, estuary and sea-water samples. Biochemical and 16S rDNA analysis of the best degraders of the three sources was found to belong to the Pseudomonas species. Interestingly, one of the isolates was found to be close to Pseudomonas otitidis family which is not reported yet as a degrader of crude oil. Biodegradation of crude oil was estimated by gas chromatography, and biofilm formation near oil-water interface was quantified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Biofilm supported batches of the isolated Pseudomonas species were able to degrade crude oil much readily and extensively than the planktonic counterparts. Volumetric and topographic analysis revealed that biofilms formed in presence of crude oil accumulate higher biomass with greater thickness compared to the biofilms produced in presence of glucose as sole carbon source. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"250749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2013/250749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 116

Enhanced Cellulase Production from Bacillus subtilis by Optimizing Physical Parameters for Bioethanol Production. 优化生物乙醇生产物理参数提高枯草芽孢杆菌纤维素酶产量。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-02-21 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/965310

Deepmoni Deka, Saprativ P Das, Naresh Sahoo, Debasish Das, Mohammad Jawed, Dinesh Goyal, Arun Goyal

{"title":"Enhanced Cellulase Production from Bacillus subtilis by Optimizing Physical Parameters for Bioethanol Production.","authors":"Deepmoni Deka, Saprativ P Das, Naresh Sahoo, Debasish Das, Mohammad Jawed, Dinesh Goyal, Arun Goyal","doi":"10.5402/2013/965310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/965310","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of physical parameters such as initial pH, agitation (rpm), and temperature (°C) for cellulase production from Bacillus subtilis AS3 was investigated. Central composite design of experiments followed by multiple desirability function was applied for the optimization of cellulase activity and cell growth. The effect of the temperature and agitation was found to be significant among the three independent variables. The optimum levels of initial pH, temperature, and agitation for alkaline carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) production predicted by the model were 7.2, 39°C, and 121 rpm, respectively. The CMCase activity with unoptimized physical parameters and previously optimized medium composition was 0.43 U/mL. The maximum activity (0.56 U/mL) and cell growth (2.01 mg/mL) predicted by the model were in consensus with values (0.57 U/mL, 2.1 mg/mL) obtained using optimized medium and optimal values of physical parameters. After optimization, 33% enhancement in CMCase activity (0.57 U/mL) was recorded. On scale-up of cellulase production process in bioreactor with all the optimized conditions, an activity of 0.75 U/mL was achieved. Consequently, the bacterial cellulase employed for bioethanol production expending (5%, w/v) NaOH-pretreated wild grass with Zymomonas mobilis yielded an utmost ethanol titre of 7.56 g/L and 11.65 g/L at shake flask and bioreactor level, respectively. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"965310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2013/965310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33146731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Fermentation and hydrogen metabolism affect uranium reduction by clostridia. 发酵和氢代谢影响梭菌对铀的还原作用

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-02-21 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/657160

Weimin Gao, Arokiasamy J Francis

{"title":"Fermentation and hydrogen metabolism affect uranium reduction by clostridia.","authors":"Weimin Gao, Arokiasamy J Francis","doi":"10.5402/2013/657160","DOIUrl":"10.5402/2013/657160","url":null,"abstract":"Previously, it has been shown that not only is uranium reduction under fermentation condition common among clostridia species, but also the strains differed in the extent of their capability and the pH of the culture significantly affected uranium(VI) reduction. In this study, using HPLC and GC techniques, metabolic properties of those clostridial strains active in uranium reduction under fermentation conditions have been characterized and their effects on capability variance of uranium reduction discussed. Then, the relationship between hydrogen metabolism and uranium reduction has been further explored and the important role played by hydrogenase in uranium(VI) and iron(III) reduction by clostridia demonstrated. When hydrogen was provided as the headspace gas, uranium(VI) reduction occurred in the presence of whole cells of clostridia. This is in contrast to that of nitrogen as the headspace gas. Without clostridia cells, hydrogen alone could not result in uranium(VI) reduction. In alignment with this observation, it was also found that either copper(II) addition or iron depletion in the medium could compromise uranium reduction by clostridia. In the end, a comprehensive model was proposed to explain uranium reduction by clostridia and its relationship to the overall metabolism especially hydrogen (H2) production. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"657160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of cellulase production from bacteria isolated from soil. 土壤分离菌产纤维素酶的优化。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-02-19 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/985685

Sonia Sethi, Aparna Datta, B Lal Gupta, Saksham Gupta

引用次数: 220

Sequentially Integrated Optimization of the Conditions to Obtain a High-Protein and Low-Antinutritional Factors Protein Isolate from Edible Jatropha curcas Seed Cake. 可食性麻疯树籽饼高蛋白、低抗营养因子分离蛋白分离条件的序贯优化。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2013-02-13 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/197201

Liliana León-López, Gloria Dávila-Ortiz, Cristian Jiménez-Martínez, Humberto Hernández-Sánchez

{"title":"Sequentially Integrated Optimization of the Conditions to Obtain a High-Protein and Low-Antinutritional Factors Protein Isolate from Edible Jatropha curcas Seed Cake.","authors":"Liliana León-López, Gloria Dávila-Ortiz, Cristian Jiménez-Martínez, Humberto Hernández-Sánchez","doi":"10.5402/2013/197201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/197201","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas seed cake is a protein-rich byproduct of oil extraction which could be used to produce protein isolates. The purpose of this study was the optimization of the protein isolation process from the seed cake of an edible provenance of J. curcas by an alkaline extraction followed by isoelectric precipitation method via a sequentially integrated optimization approach. The influence of four different factors (solubilization pH, extraction temperature, NaCl addition, and precipitation pH) on the protein and antinutritional compounds content of the isolate was evaluated. The estimated optimal conditions were an extraction temperature of 20°C, a precipitation pH of 4, and an amount of NaCl in the extraction solution of 0.6 M for a predicted protein content of 93.3%. Under these conditions, it was possible to obtain experimentally a protein isolate with 93.21% of proteins, 316.5 mg 100 g(-1) of total phenolics, 2891.84 mg 100 g(-1) of phytates and 168 mg 100 g(-1) of saponins. The protein content of the this isolate was higher than the content reported by other authors. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"197201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5402/2013/197201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33273620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12