ISRN biotechnology最新文献_第5页

Antimicrobial Pressure of Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin on Biofilm Development by an Endoscope-Isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 环丙沙星和庆大霉素抑菌压力对内窥镜分离铜绿假单胞菌生物膜发育的影响。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-08-28 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/178646

Idalina Machado, Joana Graça, Hélder Lopes, Susana Lopes, Maria O Pereira

{"title":"Antimicrobial Pressure of Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin on Biofilm Development by an Endoscope-Isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Idalina Machado, Joana Graça, Hélder Lopes, Susana Lopes, Maria O Pereira","doi":"10.5402/2013/178646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/178646","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims at characterizing endoscope biofilm-isolated (PAI) and reference strain P. aeruginosa (PA) adhesion, biofilm formation and sensitivity to antibiotics. The recovery ability of the biofilm-growing bacteria subjected to intermittent antibiotic pressure (ciprofloxacin (CIP) and gentamicin (GM)), as well as the development of resistance towards antibiotics and benzalkonium chloride (BC), were also determined. The capacity of both strains to develop biofilms was greatly impaired in the presence of CIP and GM. Sanitization was not complete allowing biofilm recovery after the intermittent cycles of antibiotic pressure. The environmental pressure exerted by CIP and GM did not develop P. aeruginosa resistance to antibiotics nor cross-resistance towards BC. However, data highlighted that none of the antimicrobials led to complete biofilm eradication, allowing the recovery of the remaining adhered population possibly due to the selection of persister cells. This feature may lead to biofilm recalcitrance, reinforcement of bacterial attachment, and recolonization of other sites. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"178646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33300254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Temperature Effect on Morphobiochemical Characters in Some Black Gram (Vigna mungo) Genotypes. 温度对一些黑糯米（Vigna mungo）基因型形态生化特征的影响

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-08-16 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/942868

Manasi Dash, Dhara Shree

{"title":"Temperature Effect on Morphobiochemical Characters in Some Black Gram (Vigna mungo) Genotypes.","authors":"Manasi Dash, Dhara Shree","doi":"10.5402/2013/942868","DOIUrl":"10.5402/2013/942868","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of suitable varieties and genotypes of black gram with adaptation to local conditions is among the factors affecting its production. Efforts to genetically improve the crop mostly involve identifying important morphological descriptors followed by development of advanced breeding lines for locale-specific cultivars. The present day available black gram varieties have not been properly characterized for their thermo sensitiveness with respect to morphological and biochemical characters. Hence efforts were taken in the present research to study the effect of the temperature on these characters in seven black gram varieties over different development stages. We aimed at studying the effect of 3 temperature regimes for identifying suitable stress tolerant genotypes. High percent germination (87.2%), root length (3.68 cm), carbohydrate content (3.72 mg g(-1) fresh tissue) among the genotypes was highest at 10°C-20°C temperature. High shoot length (13.39 cm), free amino acid content (3.73 mg g(-1) fresh tissue), and protein content (9.54 mg g(-1) fresh tissue) was found to be present when the genotypes were exposed to 20°C-30°C temperature. The black gram varieties J.L and PDU-1 performed best in all the temperature regimes over characters. Thus suitable varieties for all temperature regimes were identified using biochemical analysis. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"942868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33300088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical Factors Affecting the Success of Cloning, Expression, and Mass Production of Enzymes by Recombinant E. coli. 影响重组大肠杆菌酶克隆、表达和批量生产成功的关键因素。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-08-13 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/590587

Md Fakruddin, Reaz Mohammad Mazumdar, Khanjada Shahnewaj Bin Mannan, Abhijit Chowdhury, Md Nur Hossain

引用次数: 68

Global stability of predator-prey system with alternative prey. 有替代猎物的捕食者-猎物系统的全球稳定性。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-08-08 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/898039

Banshidhar Sahoo

引用次数: 0

Ethanol and Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Lignocellulose by Clostridium cellulolyticum. 水解纤维素梭菌从木质纤维素中生产乙醇和挥发性脂肪酸。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-08-05 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/137835

K Williams, Y Zheng, J McGarvey, Z Fan, R Zhang

{"title":"Ethanol and Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Lignocellulose by Clostridium cellulolyticum.","authors":"K Williams, Y Zheng, J McGarvey, Z Fan, R Zhang","doi":"10.5402/2013/137835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/137835","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridium cellulolyticum is capable of producing glycosyl hydrolase enzymes as well as fermentation products including ethanol and acetate. In this study, the potential of using C. cellulolyticum for ethanol and volatile fatty acid production from straw and grape pomace was examined. For rice straw, the effects of alkaline pretreatment and substrate sterilization prior to fermentation on products yields were also investigated. Effects of alkaline pretreatment and necessity for subsequent washing were tested for two types of grape pomace. For rice straw, the highest ethanol yield was 0.16 g/gVS from the straw pretreated with 10% sodium hydroxide loading at 121°C for 1 hour. Sterilization of the straw prior to fermentation was found to be not significant for ethanol production. Sterilization appeared to decrease native acetogen populations in the rice straw, resulting in lower acetic acid yields. The highest ethanol yield from grape pomace was of 0.09 g/gVS from the pretreated pomace. Pomace type (red or white) and washing were found to be not significant. Ethanol yields by C. cellulolyticum were lower than those from yeast in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation system, but overall conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose was high, between 68 and 79%. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"137835"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33300253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Properties and Application of a Partially Purified Thermoalkali Stable Xylanase from Cellulosimicrobium sp. MTCC 10645 in Kraft Pulp Bleaching. 部分纯化的热碱稳定木聚糖酶MTCC 10645在硫酸盐纸浆漂白中的性能及应用。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-06-04 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/872325

Rajashri D Kamble, Anandrao R Jadhav

{"title":"Properties and Application of a Partially Purified Thermoalkali Stable Xylanase from Cellulosimicrobium sp. MTCC 10645 in Kraft Pulp Bleaching.","authors":"Rajashri D Kamble, Anandrao R Jadhav","doi":"10.5402/2013/872325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/872325","url":null,"abstract":"The most promising application of xylanases (E.C. 3.2.1.8) is in the prebleaching of kraft pulp. The present paper reports bleaching effects of a thermoalkali stable xylanase from Cellulosimicrobium sp. MTCC 10645. The bacterium produced thermo-alkali stable xylanase in a basal medium supplemented with wheat bran (1% w/v), which was optimally active at pH 7.0 and 50°C. The xylanase was stable at temperature 50°C for 1 h and retained up to 86% of the activity. The xylanase was stable in a broad pH range of 6.0-11.0 for 1 h at 50°C. Metal ions Ca(+2), Hg(+2), and Pb(+2) were inhibitory for xylanase retaining 72.3%, 35.07% and 36.7% relative activity at 10 mM concentration, whereas Fe(+2), Cu(+2), Mn(+2), Na(+2), Co(+2), and Zn(+2) were inducers at concentrations of 5 mM and 10 mM. The enzyme exhibited greater binding affinity exclusively for xylans but not for avicel, CMC, cellobiose, starch, or p-nitrophenyl xylopyranoside. Parachloromercuric benzoate and iodoacetamide were found stimulatory, while potassium permanganate, cysteine, and cystine markedly reduced the activity. The xylanase dose of 2.0 U/g dry weight pulp of 10% consistency gave optimum bleach boosting of kraft pulp at pH 8.0 and temperature 50°C for 5 h reaction time. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"872325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33300173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effect of extruder screw speed, temperature, and enzyme levels on sugar recovery from different biomasses. 挤出机转速、温度和酶水平对不同生物质中糖回收的影响。

ISRN biotechnology Pub Date : 2012-05-29 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.5402/2013/942810

Chinnadurai Karunanithy, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, William R Gibbons

{"title":"Effect of extruder screw speed, temperature, and enzyme levels on sugar recovery from different biomasses.","authors":"Chinnadurai Karunanithy, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, William R Gibbons","doi":"10.5402/2013/942810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/942810","url":null,"abstract":"Biofuels from biomass have the potential to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. An efficient pretreatment method is required to accomplish the target of the Energy Act 2005. Extrusion could be a viable continuous pretreatment method to be explored. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the influence of screw speed and barrel temperature on sugar recovery from the selected warm season grasses and to select a suitable enzyme combination and dose for enzymatic hydrolysis. The ground, moisture-balanced biomasses were pretreated using a single screw extruder at various screw speeds (100, 150, and 200 rpm) and barrel temperatures (50, 75, 100, 150, and 200°C). Cellulase or multienzyme with β-glucosidase was varied from 1 : 1 to 1 : 4 during enzymatic hydrolysis to accomplish the second objective. Screw speed, barrel temperature, and their interaction had a significant influence on sugar recovery from the selected biomasses. A maximum of 28.2, 66.2, and 49.2% of combined sugar recoverywasachieved for switchgrass, big bluestem, prairie cord grass when pretreated at a screw speed of 200, 200, and 150 rpm and at a barrel temperature of 75, 150, and 100°C, respectively, using cellulase and β-glucosidase at a ratio of 1 : 4. Extrusion pretreatment of these biomasses used only 28-37% of the rated extruder power. ","PeriodicalId":90878,"journal":{"name":"ISRN biotechnology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"942810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33300087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29