Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)最新文献

{"title":"Geometric Morphometric Differentiation of Two Western USA Lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Squamata): Uta stansburiana and Urosaurus ornatus, with Implications for Fossil Identification","authors":"Julie E Rej, J. Mead","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-03-153-161.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-03-153-161.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Squamate fossil identification has been challenging due to the incomplete understanding and sometimes complete lack of osteological research of extant species. Here we compared the maxilla of two similar species of phrynosomatids: Uta stansburiana (Common Side-blotched Lizard) and Urosaurus ornatus (Ornate Tree Lizard). Through landmark-based geometric morphometric analyses, we determined which characters significantly separated the two species. A principle component analysis (PCA) and a stepwise discriminant function analysis (DFA) were conducted, in which we compared 15 landmarks between U. stansburiana and U. ornatus. Both the PCA and stepwise DFA showed separation between the two species. The stepwise DFA selected five of the 15 characters as statistically significant, three of which are considered apomorphies and show promise for fossil identification. The first character is in the ventral region of the posterior maxilla process; U. ornatus has a defined notch, whereas U. stansburiana does not. The second and third characters are in the anterior portion of the maxilla, which is curved dorsally in U. stansburiana, whereas U. ornatus shows no curving. The results of this study are used to identify fossil Uta vs Urosaurus, but more analyses need to be conducted on other phrynosomatid species for comprehensive identification.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"94 1","pages":"153 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72911200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Longitudinal Temperature Profile of the Los Angeles River from June through October 2016","authors":"Jennifer Mongolo, Nina Trusso, Rosi Dagit, A. Aguilar, S. Drill","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-03-174-192.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-03-174-192.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This pilot study developed a longitudinal temperature profile of the Los Angeles River by deploying temperature loggers throughout the watershed between June and October 2016. The watershed was divided into zones based on river system component, urbanization, and channelization. Channelized sites recorded the highest temperatures, tributaries recorded the lowest, and the estuary showed the most fluctuation. Overall, temperatures were too warm to support re-introduction of native fish but currently support non-native fish species. Temperature mitigation is needed for native species to re-establish. Albeit limited in scope, this study establishes a baseline of summer/fall temperatures in the Los Angeles River.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"45 1","pages":"174 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87182837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of the Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) within California as of 2015","authors":"A. Muchlinski, R. Garcia","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-03-193-203.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-03-193-203.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The eastern fox squirrel, Sciurus niger, has been introduced to many areas outside of its native range. Once introduced to a new region the species has generally expanded its geographic range and is considered to be an invasive species, causing both ecological and economic harm. While some information is available on where introductions have occurred, detailed information is not available on the current geographic distribution of the species within California. Since invasive species tend to be under-represented in specimen collections at museums, new methods for obtaining location data were needed. We used a time period of 1995 through 2015 for observations so that location data would be most up-to-date. A majority (51%) of location data used in this study came from wildlife rehabilitation centers, approximately 31% came from citizen-science type sources such as the California Road-Kill Observation System, a previously published journal article, and research-grade submissions to iNaturalist, 10% came from the California Department of Public Health West Nile Virus Surveillance Program, and 8% came from the authors and trained student observers. Maps are presented to show the current geographic distribution of the species indicating a broader range than what was previously known.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"10 1","pages":"193 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82842026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endlicher and Sequoia: Determination of the Etymological Origin of the Taxon Sequoia","authors":"N. E. Muleady-Mecham","doi":"10.3160/SOCA-116-02-137-146.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/SOCA-116-02-137-146.1","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Sequoia owes its taxonomic identity to Austrian botanist Stephen L. Endlicher (Fig. 1). Research of primary material in Vienna and other locations have revealed Endlicher as a gifted linguist and botanist, who corresponded and interacted with colleagues throughout the world. These included persons who were experts on both the Cherokee language and the person Sequoyah. Endlicher’s botanical work of creating eponymous taxa combined with his knowledge of the person Sequoyah throws new light on the origin of the genus Sequoia. The coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and the giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) share more than their immensity and co-occupation of California. The root genus, Sequoia, has presented an intriguing taxonomic origin question since the moment it was assigned by Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher in 1847 (St. John and Krauss 1954). Assumptions have been made that Endlicher assigned the name to honor the Cherokee linguist, Sequoyah, who had died just five years before. In 2012, Gary Lowe made an intuitive case for Sequoia being from the Latin “sequor” (to follow). I traveled to Austria in an effort to resolve this puzzle through an exhaustive review of primary sources, including original works in libraries and museums; a review of Endlicher’s publications, correspondences, journals; and notes of persons who knew and interacted with him. My findings suggest that Endlicher, a botanist, linguist, and communicator with other scientists interested in indigenous people of the Americas, used his expertise and pattern of naming plants after people to name the coast redwood after the man, Sequoyah. Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher-Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804–1849) was born in Pressburg, a German-speaking town in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1804. He studied theology and languages, and became a librarian. In 1828, Endlicher was appointed as a librarian to the National Library in Vienna and was placed in charge of the Handwriting (Handschriftin) Department. In addition to obtaining specimens for the collection he began his studies in medicine. At that time, medicine was not just the study of pathology, but of botany and pharmacology. Plants were the basis for cures and physicians consulted their Materia Medica, a primarily plant-based tome for patient treatment (Reidl-Dorn 2013). In addition to handwriting Endlicher developed an interest in maps, in Hungary, and in China. He became an expert in Sinology and furthered his remarkable linguistic ability. Over time he became proficient in Hungarian, Czech, German, French, Latin, Chinese, Italian, English, ancient language forms (he transcribed old German to new), and American Indian languages. After he joined the National Library, Endlicher pursued prime appointments in his chosen areas of expertise. In 18th Century Vienna, a person had to be a Free Mason to receive political appointments but by the middle of the 19th Century, family connections had become more important. Endliche","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"76 1","pages":"137 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89630664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Contribution to the Phylogeography and Anatomy of Helminthoglyptid Land Snails (Pulmonata: Helminthoglyptidae) from the Deserts of Southern California","authors":"David M. Goodward, L. Gilbertson, P. Rugman-Jones, Matt L. Riggs","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-02-110-136.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-02-110-136.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Land snails in the family Helminthoglyptidae are found sparingly and locally throughout southern California's deserts. They are mostly restricted to rock outcrops and talus in partially shaded canyons where they can gain access to cooler temperatures under the rocks. Several species are known only from their type localities, and were described by shell characters only. We have endeavored to locate known species, document their reproductive anatomy and embryonic shell structure, refine knowledge of their distribution, and incorporate genetic sequencing of two mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S) to investigate evolutionary relationships in these taxa. As a “first pass” molecular study, we have established basic sequence and divergence data for 27 populations of snails in five genera: Helminthoglypta (subgenus Coyote), Eremarionta, Cahuillus, Chamaearionta and Sonorelix. Fifteen of the populations were previously unknown. We confirmed that the Salton Rift/Coachella Valley is a major biogeographic barrier for land snails, as is the north/south transition between the Colorado and Mojave deserts. Described species of Helminthoglypta (Coyote) grouped together in our phylogenetic analyses and differed from each other by 8-18% in the sequence of the COI gene, concordant with differentiating shell characters. Two previously unknown populations grouped with the Coyote species but their COI sequences differed from the described species by 5.7-17% suggesting they may represent undescribed Coyote species. Populations of Sonorelix from the eastern Mojave were somewhat similar genetically to Sonorella spp. from southern Arizona but the precise nature of any relationship between these genera remains unresolved. The remaining, previously unknown populations were genetically close to described species of Eremarionta, but inclusion of COI sequences of two Cahuillus spp. rendered the genus Eremarionta paraphyletic, raising questions about the validity of the names applied to some described species. In particular, the subspecies E. rowelli bakerensis was clearly different (>11% in COI) from E. rowelli amboiana and E. rowelli acus, and deserves elevation to at least species status. The eastern Mojave Eremarionta from near Pahrump, Nevada may also be an undescribed species, differing in its COI sequence from its closest described relative by 6.0%. Perhaps the most surprising result from our study was the finding of a population close to the Salton Sea that was very closely related to E. rowelli ssp. bakerensis which occurs ∼200 km further north. This highlights the complex nature of genetic variation among geographically isolated Eremarionta populations across the eastern Mojave and western Colorado Deserts.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"15 1","pages":"110 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78325666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Organisms Living Around Energized Submarine Power Cables, Pipe, and Natural Sea Floor in the Inshore Waters of Southern California","authors":"M. Love, M. Nishimoto, Scott Clark, M. McCrea, A. S. Bull","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-02-61-87.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-02-61-87.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Between 1 February 2012 and 26 February 2014 using scuba, we surveyed the fishes, invertebrates, and macrophytes living on two energized submarine power cables, an adjacent pipe, and nearby natural habitat in southern California at bottom depths of 10–11 m and 13–14 m. Over the course of the study, average electromagnetic field (EMF) levels at the two cables (A and B) were statistically similar (Cable A = 73.0µT, Cable B = 91.4µT) and were much higher at these two cables than at either the pipe (average = 0.5µT) or sand (0µT). Overall, our study demonstrated that 1) the fish and invertebrate communities on cables, pipe, and natural habitat strongly overlapped and 2) there were no differences between the shallower and deeper fish and invertebrate communities. We saw no evidence that fishes or invertebrates are either preferentially attracted to, or repelled by, the EMF emitted by the cables. Any differences in the fish or invertebrate densities between cables, pipe, and natural habitat taxa were most likely due to the differences in the physical characteristics of these habitats. As with the fishes and invertebrates, macrophytes did not appear to be responding to the EMF emitted by the cables. Rather, it is likely that differences in the plant communities were driven by site depth and habitat type.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"238 1","pages":"61 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76870013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individually-unique Spot Patterns of Young-of-the-Year Giant Sea Bass (Stereolepis gigas) in Captive-raised Fish","authors":"Michael C. Couffer","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-02-98-109.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-02-98-109.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Young-of-the-year Giant Sea Bass (Stereolepis gigas) (hereafter YOY GSB) spend the first several months after planktonic settlement within recreational dive limits. After settlement, YOY GSB morph through pigmentation phases where patterns of black spots unique to individual fish appear against the fish's lighter background. In order to prove that underwater photographs of spot patterns could be used to individually identify and possibly track YOY GSB in the field, several YOY GSB were captured and raised at public aquaria. Both sides of each fish were planned to be photographed monthly for a year from the capture date. The black spots of YOY GSB are so few and distinct that computer programs developed to discern individuals of species with complicated spot patterns were not necessary for re-identification of individuals. Three fish that were followed for twelve months in captivity could be individually identified by comparing photographs of their spot patterns by eye. A fourth fish that survived for six months could also be individually distinguished through photographs. This is the first published study to follow the development of YOY GSB spot patterns. Underwater photo-identification techniques could be used to re-identify individuals from several months to at least a year after planktonic settlement. That no capture-recapture studies have been conducted on YOY GSB to date hinders the basic understanding of species ecology and population dynamics. This study opens the door to the use of underwater photography as a passive mark and recapture method for studying YOY GSB along soft-bottomed nursery beaches where they can be found for the first few months after settlement.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"22 1","pages":"109 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82641547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Estuary Restoration Design Alter the Fine Scale Movements of Gray Smoothhounds (Mustelus californicus) in Southern California?","authors":"R. Freedman, M. Espinoza, Kelley M Voss, T. Farrugia, C. Whitcraft, C. Lowe","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-02-88-97.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-02-88-97.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Restored estuaries in southern California are limited in size and shape by fragmentation from human development, which can in turn restrict habitat use. Thus, it is important to assess how habitat design affects how fish use restored estuaries. Acoustic telemetry tracking from prior studies revealed that Gray Smoothhounds (Mustelus californicus) used primarily the eelgrass ecotone and warm interior waters in Bolsa Chica Full Tidal Basin (BCFTB), a 1.48 km2 open-format marine dominated estuary. In this study, M. californicus utilized the Channel in Huntington Beach Wetlands Complex (HBWC), a smaller creek estuary. The Channel had more eelgrass than other available habitats but was also the coolest microhabitat, with temperatures below what M. californicus was found to select in BCFTB. Individuals may behaviorally thermoregulate by moving upstream, away from the HBWC Channel, during periods of incoming, cooler ocean water. Mustelus californicus translocated to different microhabitats within the HBWC selected the Channel habitat after the translocation regardless of where animals were released. Despite the large difference in available subtidal habitat between HBWC and BCFTB, no differences in patch size utilization distributions of M. californicus were observed. While individuals seem to shift between microhabitats based on temperature and eelgrass availability, the area size used by M. californicus appears to be the same within both sites despite the differences in overall size between sites. These results suggest that differences in microhabitat use may influence distribution patterns of M. californicus within each site, and therefore, shark abundance may vary with the restoration design (e.g. basin versus channel) and the size of the estuarine habitat. This information on habitat selection will be critical to planning future restorations on the Southern California coast.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"19 1","pages":"88 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86601489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-season Reproduction in Western Toads (Bufo boreas)","authors":"Gregory B. Pauly, K. Delaney","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-02-147-151.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-02-147-151.1","url":null,"abstract":"Western toads (Bufo boreas, or Anaxyrus boreas of some authors) typically breed from late January to July depending on elevation, latitude, and local conditions (Sornborger 1979; Stebbins 2003; Thompson 2004; Muths and Nanjappa 2005). Generally, breeding takes place early in the active season and is explosive with the breeding season lasting only a few weeks with most of the breeding activity occurring in a few nights (Sornborger 1979; Olson et al. 1986; Muths and Nanjappa 2005; Pauly pers. obs.). At low elevation sites in Southern California, for example, breeding may begin as early as late January assuming rainfall has been adequate to fill breeding sites and stimulate activity. At higher elevation sites, breeding activity is triggered by warming conditions and snowmelt with toads breeding shortly after emerging from hibernation sites (Sornborger 1979; Olson et al. 1986; Fetkavich and Livo 1998; Hammerson 1999; Thompson 2004; Muths and Nanjappa 2005). Here we report unusually late breeding activity in western toads. On 9 November 2015, one of us (KSD) observed late stage tadpoles (up to Gosner Stage 43) at a seasonal pond in the Los Robles Open Space, Santa Monica Mountains, Ventura County, California (34.163226, −118.881964, elevation 370 m; Figs. 1, 2). The pond is oval with maximum size of 7 m by 5 m. No metamorphs were observed in the surrounding terrestrial habitat, but the presence of many tadpoles undergoing metamorphosis suggests that this late breeding event would result in metamorphs leaving the pond within a few days. Photographs of these tadpoles were submitted to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Southern California (RASCals) Citizen Science Project (iNaturalist 2365499) with additional photographs deposited in the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Photographic Collection (LACM PC 1998–2005). Breeding was likely triggered by an unusually large rain event on the morning of 15 September 2015 that filled this previously dry, temporary pond. This rain event resulted in part from lowlevel moisture from the former Eastern Pacific Hurricane Linda. Weather data from Los Angeles indicate the storm produced the second wettest September day on record (6.07 cm). Data from the nearest weather station in the Santa Monica Mountains, which is at Deals Flat, ca. 11.5 km southwest of the breeding site, are available via climateanalyzer.org. At Deals Flat, 3.3 cm of rain fell in this unusual storm event, which is more rain than fell in the previous February (2.18 cm) or March (1.78 cm) when B. boreas typically breeds in this area. The rain event also took place in the fourth year of a severe drought in Southern California, during which time B. boreas breeding activity was greatly reduced. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of tadpoles in November and an inferred breeding date in mid-September are the latest observations of breeding activity reported for B. boreas. Lemm (2006) noted that western toads breed from January to September,","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"36 1","pages":"147 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90889195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat Use and Behavior of the East Pacific Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas, in an Urbanized System","authors":"Daniel P. Crear, Dan Lawson, J. Seminoff, Tomoharu Eguchi, R. LeRoux, C. Lowe","doi":"10.3160/soca-116-01-17-32.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3160/soca-116-01-17-32.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrac Green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, are known to inhabit populated and often urbanized areas. To understand turtle habitat use and behavior within these unique habitats, seven juvenile green turtles were fitted with acoustic transmitters (September 2012 – August 2014), of which two transmitters included an accelerometer (AP transmitter). One individual fitted with an AP transmitter was tracked using a passive acoustic array in an urbanized river, the San Gabriel River, Long Beach, CA (33°45’ N, 118°05’ W). Three additional turtles in this river and three turtles (one with AP transmitter) in a restored estuary (33°44’ N, 118°03’ W) in southern California were actively tracked for two non-consecutive 24-h periods. Those fitted with AP transmitters indicated that turtles were less active at night (0.58 ± 0.56 m/s2 and 0.50 ± 0.63 m/s2) than during the day (0.86 ± 0.63 m/s2 and 0.78 ± 0.60 m/s2) at both sites. Activity data and corresponding movements of the actively tracked turtle fitted with the AP transmitter were used to infer resting periods for other tracked individuals. Turtles rested near bridge pilings and runoff outflows in the river to potentially shelter from tidal flow. Turtles used significantly larger daily areas in the urbanized river (0.046 ± 0.023 km2) where resources may be patchier and less abundant, compared to turtles in the estuary (0.024 ± 0.012 km2) where large, dense eelgrass beds are present. Based on the habitat use and behaviors of green sea turtles, it appears that some green sea turtles are able to make use of both highly developed and restored habitats and likely benefit from certain aspects of development.","PeriodicalId":90803,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin (Southern California Academy of Sciences)","volume":"35 1","pages":"17 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75104064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}