Journal of mammalian ova research最新文献

{"title":"Quality Control of Mineral Oil Used for Embryo Culture","authors":"J. Otsuki","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.24.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.24.175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"117 1","pages":"175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77619414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of Human Embryos by Vitrification Method","authors":"M. Motoishi, Shin'ichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.24.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.24.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"13 1","pages":"65-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88882925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collection of Human Immature Oocytes","authors":"S. Hashimoto, A. Fukuda, Y. Morimoto","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.24.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.24.179","url":null,"abstract":"適切な卵巣刺激により複数の成熟卵子を得る方法は生殖 補助医療で児を得ることに大きく貢献してきた.しかし,多 嚢胞性卵巣症候群(PCOS)患者の場合,卵巣刺激を行った 場合に血中ホルモン値の測定,超音波による卵胞発育のモ ニタリングを十分に行っても,血中エストロゲン値が異常 に高まり,卵巣過剰刺激症候群(OHSS)の症状を呈し,妊 娠への悪影響だけでなく,生命が危険な状態にさらされる こともある.生殖補助医療を必要とするPCOS患者にこの ようなリスクを負わせないために,卵巣刺激を行わずに未 成熟卵子を回収し,体外で成熟培養を行う体外成熟が行わ れているが,ヒトの場合,回収された未成熟卵子の半分くら いしか成熟しないこと,成熟した卵子の児への発育能力が 体内成熟卵子に比べきわめて低いこと,卵巣刺激を行う方 法に比べ卵胞サイズが小さいことから,採卵が難しいこと がこの方法の普及の大きな妨げとなっている. そこで,我々は採卵時の卵巣を固定するために採卵二重針 (FS-IVF OSAKA-IVM北里サプライ)を開発した.採卵二重 針(図1)は外筒針(17ゲージ(G)卵巣把持用)と内筒針(20G 卵胞吸引用)から構成されており,吸引卵胞あたりの卵子回 収率は向上し(データ示さず),操作性が改善された. 一方,外筒針が存在することから,吸引針の内径が一般 的に使用されているもの(16または17G)より小さくなって しまった(表1).吸引針の内径が1/2の場合,数学的には吸 引圧を4倍にしないと卵子回収ラインを通過する卵丘細胞 卵子複合体(COCs)の速度を同程度に維持できない.また, ラインを通過する速度が速すぎるとCOCsに物理的ダメー ジを及ぼすと考えられた.そこで,吸引圧がCOCsの形態な らびに卵子の体外受精後の発育能に及ぼす影響を検討した. 屠場で採取されたウシ卵巣を用いて,18Gと21Gの吸引 針を用い,40から160 mmHgの吸引圧によりウシ未成熟卵 胞卵子を回収し,吸引針の内径ならびに吸引圧がCOCsの 形態に及ぼす影響を調べた.その結果,18G針では40 mmHg で吸引卵胞あたりの COCs 回収率がピークとなり, 80 mmHgを超えるとCOCs回収率が減少したのに対し,21G 針では120 mmHgでCOCsの回収率がピークとなった.ま た,実際にウシ生体からCOCsの回収を試みたところ,18G 針で40 mmHg,21G針で80ならびに120 mmHgを使用し た場合に吸引卵胞あたりのCOCs回収率が高かった.さら に,COCs,COCs より卵丘細胞がかなり剥離した卵子 (CO),そして細胞が完全に剥離した卵子(DO)の体外受精 後の発育能を検討したところ,胚盤胞への発育能はCOCs, CO,DOの順に低下した. 次に,十分なインフォームドコンセントを得た後に,採 卵二重針(20G吸引針)を用いて300 mmHgで実施していた ヒト未成熟卵子の回収を180 mmHg で行い,その成績を後 方視的に検討した.その結果,180 mmHgを用いた場合, COCsの回収卵子に占める割合は70±5%(平均値±標準誤 差,症例数16)と 300 mmHgを用いた場合(46± 8%,症","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"212 1","pages":"179-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76148477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graduated Embryo Score (GES) Predicts Potentially Superior Quality of Embryos","authors":"M. Segino","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.24.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.24.67","url":null,"abstract":"体外受精・胚移植において最も良好な胚を選択的に移植 することは,妊娠に至る重要な鍵となる.我々はこれまで, Day2またはDay3(採卵日をDay0とした培養日数)での割 球数と Veeck 分類による細胞の均一性とフラグメンテー ションから良好胚を選別し,胚移植を行ってきた.しかし Day5まで培養すると形態良好胚が胚盤胞へ発生しなかった ケースや形態不良胚が胚盤胞を形成したケースを少なから ず目にしてきた.また,Grahamらは良好なDay3胚の48% のみが良好な胚盤胞を形成したと報告している.これは Day3での良好胚が必ずしも良好な胚盤胞を形成するとは言 えないことを示している.そこで我々は,Day2/Day3胚移 植での効果的な胚の評価法について検討する目的で,前核 期からDay2/Day3までの各ステージで胚の評価を行い,そ れをスコアリングすることにより良好胚を選別できるか否 か検討を行った.スコアリングはFischらにより報告された 経時的胚評価法(GES)による良好胚の選別法の一部を改変 して行った .","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"131 1","pages":"67-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80272240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"マウス尾部細胞、ES細胞、IVF胚及びNT胚におけるOct-3/4遺伝子転写調節領域のCpGメチル化","authors":"佑一 海野, 川澄 みゆり, 和也 松本, 政幸 安斎, 朋子 天野, 匡 三谷, 博己 加藤, 和弘 佐伯, 美彦 細井, 明 入谷","doi":"10.14882/JRDS.98.0.31.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14882/JRDS.98.0.31.0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"56 1","pages":"31-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86106278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Assay System of Chemicals Using In-vitro Maturation of Mouse Oocytes: Effects of Carbendazim and Griseofulvin","authors":"Ryota Tanaka, T. Sasanami, M. Toriyama, M. Mori","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.21.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.21.123","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop an in-vitro assay system for detection of cytogenetic toxicity of chemicals, we cultured mouse oocytes in vitro with two kinds of spindle poisons, carbendazim (MBC) and griseofulvin (GF). When cultured for 15 h with MBC (6 μg/ml), the majority of the oocytes arrested maturation at the metaphase in the first meiosis. This effect of MBC could be achieved with the latter half of the exposure during 15 h for the entire culture. In contrast, a significant proportion of the oocytes cultured with GF (10 μg/ml) could not continue meiosis from the germinal vesicle stage. Therefore, we characterized the difference in the effects of MBC and GF on meiotic progression of mouse oocytes by using this in-vitro assay system, demonstrating that the system would be useful for detection of cytogenetic toxicity of chemicals.","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"13 1","pages":"123-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81393896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Nuclear Reprogramming\" and \"Epigenetic Reprogramming\"","authors":"T. Tada, H. Kimura, M. Tada","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.21.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.21.97","url":null,"abstract":"“Nuclear reprogramming” is a phenomenon regulated by complex mechanisms that lead to the restoration of pluripotential competence in specialized somatic nuclei. Nuclear reprogramming is induced by changes in epigenet ic modif icat ions, known col lect ively as “ep igene t i c rep rog ramming” . I n somat i c ce l l development, on-off switching of certain key genes, which function in determining cell fate in a particular d i r ec t i on , i s r egu la ted t h rough ep igene t i c reprogramming in restricted regions of the genome. In nuclear reprogramming, genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming, which triggers a global restoration of ep igene t i c memory i n the genome lead ing to transformation from a specified to a default nuclear s t a te , i s c ruc ia l . Genome-w ide ep igene t i c reprogramming occurs in nuclear reprogramming with the nuclear transfer of somatic cells to enucleated oocytes and via cell hybridization between embryonic stem cells and adult somatic cells, and also in germ cell and early embryonic development but not in somatic cell development. Global chromatin de-condensation marked by h is tone H3 lys ine 4 methy la t ion is mechanistically linked with the genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming. At least two steps; 1) erasure of the somatic epigenotype induced by the genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming and 2) establishment of a plur ipotent ial cel l -specif ic epigenotype by local epigenetic reprogramming through the activity of key players including Oct4, Sox2, Ehz2 and Nanog, may be required for conferring and maintaining pluripotential competence in the reprogrammed somatic nuclei. Nuclear Reprogramming in Early Embryonic Development","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"13 1","pages":"97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73878578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indication for Split ICSI in Our Clinic","authors":"H. Hashimoto, Sakae Goto, Mikihiko Tsubouchi, Y. Izumi, Y. Yoshimura, Y. Kasahara, M. Shiotani","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.21.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.21.209","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine criteria of split ICSI in which half of oocytes were inseminated by ICSI and half by conventional IVF. Six hundreds eighty-two couples who experienced the first assisted reproductive technology in our clinic were enrolled in the study. Pregnancy rate in couples with fertilization rate (FR) less than 30% was significantly lower than that in couples with FR exceeding 50%. FR in couples with oligozoospermia (sperm count < 20 × 106/ml) (50.0~53.8%) was significantly lower than that in couples with normozoospermia (65.0~79.5%). FR in couples with sperm motility rate less than 20% (0~29.6%) were significantly lower than that in couples with motility rate exceeding 20% (66.8~76.8%). Infertile couples with oligozoospermic semen or low sperm motility rate (<20%) should be treated by split ICSI rather than by IVF.","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"34 1","pages":"209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85736126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Gene Expression Reprogramming during Meiotic Maturation and Pre-Implantation Development","authors":"Jin-moon Kim, F. Aoki","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.21.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.21.89","url":null,"abstract":"During meiosis and fertilization, gene expression in differentiated gametes is reprogrammed to allow the initiation of a new program from the totipotent zygotic genome. This remarkable transformation entails the deletion of the maternal and paternal gene expression profiles before or just after fertilization. Although reprogramming of gene expression plays an important role in relaying the genome to the next generation, the molecular mechanism of reprogramming remains unknown. Recently, cloned animals were generated in several species by transferring the nuclei of somatic cells into enucleated metaphase II (MII) oocytes [1–8]. The success of these experiments demonstrates that the MII oocyte cytoplasm has the ability to reprogram gene expression, but there is little information on the molecular events in the genome of the transferred nucleus during the reprogramming process. During reprogramming, the gene expression patterns in the differentiated oocytes should be erased, thereby establishing a totipotent gene expression pattern for fu r ther deve lopment . On the o ther hand , the discrimination of the paternal and maternal genomes should be maintained during genome reprogramming, s ince the paterna l and materna l genomes are functionally asymmetric in mammals. In this review, we describe our recent findings on the changes in the epigenetic modifications of differentiated genomes of oocytes during meiosis, and of somatic nuclei after transfer into oocytes, with special emphasis on the mechanism underlying the reprogramming of gene expression. We highlight two aspects of gene expression in the differentiated oocytes. The first involves erasure of information, and the second involves retention of information during meiosis and fertilization, while gene expression is reprogrammed. Some potential applications of these new findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"36 1","pages":"89-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74508518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromatin Remodeling with Oocyte-specific Linker Histones","authors":"Mamoru Tanaka, Takahide Teranishi, Masataka Furuya, Yudai Tanaka, K. Minegishi, K. Miyakoshi, H. Ishimoto, Y. Yoshimura","doi":"10.1274/JMOR.21.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1274/JMOR.21.82","url":null,"abstract":"The term ‘epigenetics’ defines all meiotically and mitotically heritable changes in gene expression that are not coded in the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic modification of the genome ensures proper gene activation during development and involves genomic methylation changes, the assembly of histones and histone variants into nucleosomes, and remodeling of other chromatin associated proteins such as linker histones and transcription factors [1]. Additionally, the economic and medical implications of widespread cloning of domestic animals by nuclear transfer have greatly stimulated interest in the basic molecular mechan i sms i nvo l ved i n r ep rog ramming t he developmental fate of nuclei introduced into eggs and oocytes [2]. An understanding of these mechanisms not only wi l l provide insight into the signi f icance of epigenetic events in establishing a developmental program, but also suggests new approaches towards improving the efficiency of nuclear transfer procedures. The fundamental structural unit of chromatin is an assemblage, called the nucleosome, composed of five types of histones (designated H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) and DNA. A nucleosome consists of approximately 1.8 turns of DNA wound around a core particle of histone proteins. The core particle is an octamer of 4 types of histones: two each of the H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 proteins. Approximately 166 base pairs are bound to the nucleosome: 146 base pairs are tightly bound to the core particle and the remaining 20 base pairs are associated with the H1 histone [3]. This nucleosome structure is closely similar in all eukaryotes. Although the f ie ld of chromatin research has focused on modifications to core histones that signal different gene expression states, it is becoming clear that different subtypes of histones are also important. Recently, Lee et al. demonstrate how a linker histone, H1b, can specifically repress the expression of a regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation, the MyoD gene, and thereby restrain the developmental decision to make muscle [4]. They speculate that the complexity of H1 function is attributed, in part, to differential activities of its isoforms.","PeriodicalId":90599,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mammalian ova research","volume":"11 1","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73753948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}