Bone Reports最新文献

{"title":"QCT-based spatio-temporal aging atlas of the proximal femur BMD and cortical geometry","authors":"Alice Dudle ,&nbsp;Yvan Gugler ,&nbsp;Osman Berk Satir ,&nbsp;Jan Gewiess ,&nbsp;Stefan Klein ,&nbsp;Philippe Zysset","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aging is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures at the hip, resulting from a loss of bone mass. While this loss is typically reported as a decreased mean areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in the proximal femur or the femoral neck, its evolution is spatially inhomogeneous, which might also contribute to the increased risk of fractures. Yet, little is known about the evolution of BMD distribution and cortical thickness with age in the proximal femur. We propose a 3D spatio-temporal atlas of the proximal femur to identify regions with high BMD losses and cortical thinning. The atlas is based on 532 post-mortem QCT scans from donors aged 20 to 94, including 179 female subjects. A point cloud with anatomically corresponding positions was defined for each femur based on a personalized coordinate system. The evolution of BMD and cortical thickness was computed as a multiple linear regression with age and BMI, for female and male subjects separately. The average BMD decrease with age was significant in all subregions for both sexes but higher in females. High BMD losses were observed in the superior and middle neck regions, in the medial part of the head, and in the trochanteric trabecular bone. BMD was well preserved in the inferior neck and, for males, in cortical regions. In both sexes, the cortical thickness decreased significantly in the superior and posterior neck cortex and increased significantly in the inferior neck. Higher BMI was associated with increased BMD in the inferior neck and medial shaft cortex, as well as with increased cortical thickness in all neck and shaft regions for both sexes. The spatio-temporal atlas showed the evolution of BMD distribution and cortical thickness in the proximal femur, with high losses in typical fracture locations, such as the femoral neck and pertrochanteric regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000536/pdfft?md5=417b40852f9b43fee0ab72e35bd0ddce&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000536-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seeing the unseen: The role of bioimaging techniques for the diagnostic interventions in intervertebral disc degeneration","authors":"Gyanoday Tripathi,&nbsp;Lahanya Guha,&nbsp;Hemant Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration is a pathophysiological condition that primarily affects the spinal discs, causing back pain and neurological deficits. It is caused by the contribution of several factors such as genetic predisposition, age-related degeneration, and lifestyle choices like obesity and physical activity. Even though there are medications to treat pain, there is a lack of medicines for a complete cure. The main difficulty lies in poor diagnosis of the morphological and functional changes in the disc. With the ever-increasing research on bioimaging techniques, new techniques are being developed and repurposed to evaluate disc shape and composition, and their defects like thinning or deformities on the disc, leading to the proper diagnostic intervention in intervertebral disc degeneration. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive overview of the imaging techniques used in the pre-clinical and clinical stages for the diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration. First, we will discuss about patho-anatomy and the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease with the significance and a brief description of various dyes and tracers utilized for bioimaging. Then we will shed light on the latest advancements in diagnostic modalities in intervertebral disc degeneration; concluded by an analysis of the repercussions of the methodologies and experimental systems employed in identifying mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies in intervertebral disc degeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000512/pdfft?md5=161837d2579e0d0d51097c13c63571c8&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000512-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and bone mineral density: Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis","authors":"Minzhe Zheng,&nbsp;Junxiang Xu,&nbsp;Zongxian Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Observational studies have reported significant association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and bone mineral density (BMD), a critical indicator of bone health. We aimed to investigate whether NAFLD is a cause for changes in BMD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We selected 29 independent SNPs as instrumental variables for NAFLD. A range of Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, namely the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted-median, weighted-mode, and MR-Egger regression, were utilized to determine the causal effects of NAFLD on BMD. Two-step MR analysis was conducted to determine the mediating effect of fasting glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, low-density cholesterol, and body-mass index on the association between NAFLD and BMD. False-discovery-rate (FDR) was used to correct for multiple testing bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The IVW-method indicated a significantly inverse association between genetically predicted NAFLD and total body BMD (β = −0.04, 95 % CI -0.07 to −0.02, FDR = 0.010). Notably, the relationship was more pronounced in participants over 60 years of age (β = −0.06, 95 % CI -0.11 to −0.02, FDR = 0.030). Inverse associations were observed in other subpopulations and in site-specific BMD, though they were not statistically significant after correcting for multiple testing. We observed a significantly positive association between NAFLD and the risk of osteoporosis. Consistency in results was observed across multiple MR methods and in the repeated analysis. Fasting glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin mediated 25.4 % (95 % CI 17.6–31.5 %), 18.9 % (12.0–24.9 %), and 27.9 % (19.9–36.7 %) of the effect of NAFLD on BMD, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings underscore a probable causal negative link between NAFLD and BMD, indicating that NAFLD might detrimentally affect bone health, especially in older individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000524/pdfft?md5=89607b0b94a86add72513368be51bc63&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000524-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone hierarchical organization through the lens of materials science: Present opportunities and future challenges","authors":"Chiara Micheletti,&nbsp;Furqan A. Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiscale characterization is essential to better understand the hierarchical architecture of bone and an array of analytical methods contributes to exploring the various structural and compositional aspects. Incorporating X-ray tomography, X-ray scattering, vibrational spectroscopy, and atom probe tomography alongside electron microscopy provides a comprehensive approach, offering insights into the diverse levels of organization within bone. X-ray scattering techniques reveal information about collagen-mineral spatial relationships, while X-ray tomography captures 3D structural details, especially at the microscale. Electron microscopy, such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, extends resolution to the nanoscale, showcasing intricate features such as collagen fibril organization. Additionally, atom probe tomography achieves sub-nanoscale resolution and high chemical sensitivity, enabling detailed examination of bone composition. Despite various technical challenges, a correlative approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of bone material properties. Real-time investigations through in situ and <em>in operando</em> approaches shed light on the dynamic processes in bone. Recently developed techniques such as liquid, in situ transmission electron microscopy provide insights into calcium phosphate formation and collagen mineralization. Mechanical models developed in the effort to link structure, composition, and function currently remain oversimplified but can be improved. In conclusion, correlative analytical platforms provide a holistic perspective of bone extracellular matrix and are essential for unraveling the intricate interplay between structure and composition within bone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101783"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000500/pdfft?md5=0467c214373ede185f74a2dfc951bb42&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000500-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DXA evaluation of bone fragility 2 years after bariatric surgery in patients with obesity","authors":"Marine Fauny ,&nbsp;Marion Halin ,&nbsp;Edem Allado ,&nbsp;Laurent Brunaud ,&nbsp;Claire Nomine-Criqui ,&nbsp;Eliane Albuisson ,&nbsp;Isabelle Chary-Valckenaere ,&nbsp;Didier Quilliot ,&nbsp;Damien Loeuille","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The primary objective was to evaluate bone fragility on dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in patients with obesity before and 2 years after bariatric surgery. The secondary objective was to identify risk factors for the development of a bone mineral density ≤ −2 SD at 2 years.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This descriptive study included patients with obesity who underwent DXA before and 2 years (±6 months) after bariatric surgery. The BMD and the T-score were assessed at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip. Data on body composition on DXA were also collected. The diagnosis of osteoporosis was retained for a T-score ≤ − 2.5 SD at any measured location. Osteopenia, or low bone mass, was defined by −2.5 SD &lt; T-score ≤ −1 SD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the 675 included patients, 77.8 % were women, with a mean age of 49.5 years (±11.1). After bariatric surgery, there were significantly more patients with osteoporosis: 3.6 % vs. 0.9 % (<em>p</em> = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for developing a bone mineral density ≤ −2 SD 2 years after bariatric surgery in patients with normal BMD before surgery were age and lower lean and fat mass before the surgery (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = [1.03–1.12], OR = 0.83, 95%CI = [0.77–0.91], OR = 1.08, 95%CI = [1.02–1.15], respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There was a significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass 2 years after bariatric surgery. Older age and lower lean and fat mass at baseline were risk factors for the development of a BMD ≤ -2SD at 2 years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000494/pdfft?md5=2af139fe90844d4d4ac4f8c2a4bff14b&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000494-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141481970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry-based measurement of bone mineral density in patients with severe motor and intellectual disability: An opportunity for patients with severe scoliosis and hip dislocation","authors":"Tomoko Sakai ,&nbsp;Masanobu Hirao ,&nbsp;Yusuke Takashina ,&nbsp;Ryo Kitagawa ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Oishi","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry (REMS) is an ultrasound technology currently used for the densitometric evaluation of osteoporosis and has been validated against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. However, the use of REMS for bone densitometry in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) remains to be reported. This study aimed to investigate whether REMS technology can be used for densitometric evaluation of osteoporosis in patients with SMID with hip dislocation and severe scoliosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sixty-five patients with SMID, who resided in a long-term care facility and received comprehensive medical and rehabilitation care, underwent REMS scans of the femoral neck and/or lumbar spine. Data regarding anthropometric parameters (height and weight), bone mineral density (BMD), clinical diagnostic classification, physical ability, presence of scoliosis and hip dislocation, and frontal radiographs of both hip joints were obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 29 men and 34 women (mean age: 52.6 years). All patients underwent successful scanning at either the femoral neck (82.5 %) or lumbar spine (95.2 %). BMD measurements obtained using REMS revealed low values, with a mean BMD, T-score, and <em>Z</em>-score of 0.67 g/cm², −2.39 standard deviation (SD), and − 1.38 SD, respectively, at the femoral neck and 0.66 g/cm², −2.70 SD, and − 1.87 SD, respectively, at the lumbar spine. The average Cobb angle of the lumbar spine was 34.0°; furthermore, dislocation rates did not significantly differ between those with and without successful BMD measurements (<em>p</em> = 0.073). Lumbar BMD T-scores were significantly correlated with femoral neck BMD T-scores (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>r</em> = 0.530).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>All patients with SMID were able to undergo measurements of either spinal or femoral neck BMD; furthermore, 77.7 % of the patients underwent measurements at both the lumbar spine and femur. Our data suggest that REMS is useful for measuring BMD in patients with SMID who are residing in institutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000482/pdfft?md5=a345bb9a2711acf85ee72d7cf3ff622e&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of Wnt signaling in human fracture callus and nonunion tissues","authors":"Michael Hadjiargyrou ,&nbsp;Maria Kotsiopriftis ,&nbsp;Dominique Lauzier ,&nbsp;Reggie C. Hamdy ,&nbsp;Peter Kloen","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Wnt signaling pathway is a key molecular process during fracture repair. Although much of what we now know about the role of this pathway in bone is derived from in vitro and animal studies, the same cannot be said about humans. As such, we hypothesized that Wnt signaling will also be a key process in humans during physiological fracture healing as well as in the development of a nonunion (hypertrophic and oligotrophic). We further hypothesized that the expression of Wnt-signaling pathway genes/proteins would exhibit a differential expression pattern between physiological fracture callus and the pathological nonunion tissues. We tested these two hypotheses by examining the mRNA levels of key Wnt-signaling related genes: ligands (WNT4, WNT10a), receptors (FZD4, LRP5, LRP6), inhibitors (DKK1, SOST) and modulators (CTNNB1 and PORCN). RNA sequencing from calluses as well as from the two nonunion tissue types, revealed that all of these genes were expressed at about the same level in these three tissue types. Further, spatial expression experiments identified the cells responsible of producing these proteins. Robust expression was detected in osteoblasts for the majority of these genes except SOST which displayed low expression, but in contrast, was mostly detected in osteocytes. Many of these genes were also expressed by callus chondrocytes as well. Taken together, these results confirm that Wnt signaling is indeed active during both human physiological fracture healing as well as in pathological nonunions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101780"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000470/pdfft?md5=5849fc4b34d3d280b9e9ffa30686a7fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141429715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudotumoral calcinosis of the elbow with ulnar and radial nerve deficits","authors":"Marie-Charlotte Trojani ,&nbsp;Marc-Olivier Gauci ,&nbsp;Caroline Cointat ,&nbsp;Laura Cabane ,&nbsp;Véronique Breuil","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report here a rare case of an acute peripheral nerve compression by pseudotumoral calcinosis (PCT) at the right elbow in a patient with severe tertiary hyperaparathyroidism. This complication required urgent multidisciplinary management. Surgical decompression by PCT resection enabled rapid motor and sensory recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000469/pdfft?md5=70fcd3af4cba9e18f8fb187fc445c851&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal abnormalities, pediatric-onset severe osteoporosis, and multiple fragility fractures in a patient with a novel CTNNB1 de novo variant","authors":"Olga Lesnyak ,&nbsp;Francesca Marini ,&nbsp;Polina Sokolnikova ,&nbsp;Margarita Sorokina ,&nbsp;Kseniya Sukhareva ,&nbsp;Irina Artamonova ,&nbsp;Vladimir Kenis ,&nbsp;Olga Tkach ,&nbsp;Anna Kostareva ,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Brandi","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report a case of a patient with a <em>de novo</em> germline heterozygous truncating variant of <em>CTNNB1</em> gene (c.2172del, p.Tyr724Ter) causing neurodevelopmental disorder with spastic diplegia and visual defects syndrome (NEDSDV) associated with a new clinical feature — severe pediatric-onset osteoporosis and multiple fractures. A functional effect of the identified variant was demonstrated using adipose-tissue derived primary mesenchymal stem cells, where we detected the alteration of <em>CTNNB1</em>mRNA and β-catenin protein levels using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000445/pdfft?md5=54d3edbd74b98ae614c3cd3553c98985&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000445-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eggshell membrane as promising supplement to maintain bone health: A systematic review","authors":"Johannes-Paul Fladerer ,&nbsp;Selina Grollitsch","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bone loss is a well-known phenomenon in the older population leading to increased bone fracture risk, morbidity, and mortality. Supplementation of eggshell membrane (ESM) is evaluated due to its possible application to prevent bone loss and usage in osteoporosis therapy. The similar organic chemical composition of ESM and human bone is described in detail as both mainly consist of collagen type I, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, hyaluronic acid and elastan. ESM and its components are reported to improve mineralization in bone tissue. In many studies ESM intake reduced pain in patients with joint disorders and reduced inflammatory processes. Additionally, ESM improved calcium uptake in human cells. These findings in comparison with a clinical pilot study reporting pain reduction in osteoporotic patients and increased osteoblast activity in in vitro assays support ESM to be a beneficial supplement for bone health. In this systematic review we combined chemical structure analysis with clinical studies to give a more comprehensive picture with novel explanations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000433/pdfft?md5=b746c3e0bddae5ba111a0a4371169f5c&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}