BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Nano-encapsulated ferulic acid in sesame protein isolate alleviates acrylamide-induced liver toxicity and genotoxicity in rats via oxidative stress and DNA damage modulation.","authors":"Hend A Essa, Elham Ali, Fatma El Zahraa Abd El Hakam, Engy M Akl","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00946-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00946-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acrylamide (ACR) induces hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity through oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study explores the potential of ferulic acid encapsulated in sesame protein isolate (SPI) and its nanoform as a non-toxic, effective therapy for ACR-induced oxidative liver injury in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SPI was prepared from defatted sesame flour. SPI exposed to ultrasonic waves to obtain nano SPI, and then ferulic acid was added to form capsules. Fourier transforms infrared spectra, scaning electron microscope, and polarizing optical microscope were used in investigating functional groups and surface morphology of both encapsulations respectively. Rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of six animals: normal control, ACR-treated (20 mg/kg/day), sesame protein encapsulated ferulic acid-treated, and sesame protein nano-encapsulated ferulic acid-treated groups. Both encapsulated forms were administered daily in the diet alongside ACR for two weeks. Liver function indices, oxidative stress biomarkers, DNA fragmentation, comet assay, and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The encapsulation efficiency of the nano-encapsulated form was higher than that of the other forms. Both encapsulated forms significantly improved liver function, elevated levels of GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT were observed, along with decreased concentrations of MDA, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. The treatments also provided protection against DNA damage and genotoxicity, alleviated histological damage, and reduced liver toxicity and genotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both encapsulated forms, especially the nanoform, significantly mitigated liver toxicity. These findings underscore their potential as effective natural therapies for liver damage caused by ACR, and supporting liver health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of adding fenofibrate versus curcumin to glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Eman M Nada, Nashwa M El-Gharbawy, Haidy Abbas, Rehab H Werida","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00950-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00950-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Type 2 diabetes is a recognized risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Fenofibrate and curcumin were found to be effective in improving hyperlipidemia in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding fenofibrate versus curcumin on weight, glycemic status, lipids profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fetuin-A, and sirtuin 1 in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with glimepiride.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;In a double-blind, randomized control trial, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned into three groups: Group I was given placebo; Group II curcumin 1100 mg; Group III fenofibrate 160 mg (each administered orally once daily) to ongoing glimepiride 4 mg therapy administered orally once daily for three months. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients aged 35-70 years, those with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and those treated with glimepiride 4 mg. Exclusion criteria were as follows: other types of diabetes, pregnancy, abnormal liver or kidney function tests, using other anti-diabetes medications, and non-adherence to medications. At baseline and after three months of intervention, anthropometric measurements were measured, and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, hs-CRP, fetuin-A, and sirtuin 1. Paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for normally distributed data. However, the Wilcoxon signed-rank and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze non-normally distributed data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Three months after the intervention, when the three groups were compared, no significant differences were found regarding weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, two-hour postprandial glucose (2 h-PPG), and HbA1c (p &gt; 0.05). Compared to placebo, significant decreases were observed in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), coronary risk index (CRI), atherogenic index (AI), and hs-CRP and increasing sirtuin 1 in the fenofibrate (p &lt; 0.001) and curcumin (p &lt; 0.05) groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the fenofibrate group were found to be significantly higher than in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, when compared to curcumin, fenofibrate significantly reduced waist circumferences and fetuin-A and increased sirtuin 1 (p &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Both fenofibrate and curcumin are effective at decreasing lipid profiles and improving inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes. Fenofibrate might have a superior effect in reducing waist circumference, decreasing fetuin-A, and increasing sirtuin 1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trial registration: &lt;/strong&gt;This trial was registered (August 27, 2020) on clinical trial.","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated network toxicology, machine learning and molecular docking reveal the mechanism of benzopyrene-induced periodontitis.","authors":"Wen Wenjie, Li Rui, Zhuo Pengpeng, Deng Chao, Zhang Donglin","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00961-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00961-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental pollutants, particularly from air pollution and tobacco smoke, have emerged as significant risk factors. Benzopyrene (BaP), a Group 1 carcinogen, is ubiquitously present in these pollutants, yet its molecular mechanisms in periodontitis remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated these mechanisms through an integrated approach combining network toxicology, machine learning, and molecular docking analyses. Data from SwissTargetPrediction, CTD databases, and GEO datasets were analyzed to identify potential targets. Three machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and LASSO regression) were applied for core target identification, followed by Molecular docking analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 11 potential targets associated with BaP-induced periodontitis, primarily involved in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, endoplasmic reticulum function, and cytokine activity, particularly in IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. Machine learning analysis identified three core targets: CXCL12, CYP24A1, and HMGCR. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities between BaP and these targets (binding energies <-5.0 kcal/mol). A diagnostic nomogram based on these core targets achieved high prediction accuracy (AUC = 0.922).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This first comprehensive analysis of BaP-induced periodontitis using an integrated computational approach elucidates potential molecular mechanisms and identifies specific therapeutic targets. The diagnostic nomogram developed offers a promising tool for clinical periodontitis risk assessment, providing new perspectives on understanding the impact of environmental pollutants on periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Comparative study on drug encapsulation and release kinetics in extracellular vesicles loaded with snake venom L - amino acid oxidase.","authors":"Divya Ramesh, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Vinutha R Bhat, K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai, Krishna Sharan","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00956-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00956-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico drug evaluation by molecular docking, ADME studies and DFT calculations of 2-(6-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-N, N-dipropylacetamide.","authors":"Veysel Tahiroğlu, Kenan Gören, Mehmet Bağlan","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00958-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00958-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the structural, electronic, pharmacokinetic, and biological properties of molecule 2-(6-kloro-2-(4-klorofenil)imidazo[1,2-a]piridin-3-il)-N, N-dipropilasetamid (Alpidem), an imidazopyridine derivative anxiolytic known for its high BZ₁ (benzodiazepine-1) receptor affinity and low adverse effect profile, were comprehensively investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and in-silico methods. The alpidem molecule was optimized using the 6-311G(d, p) basis set with the B3LYP and B3PW91 methods; information on the stability and chemical reactivity of the structure was obtained via the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps, natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis, non-linear optical (NLO) properties, and Mulliken charge distributions. Comparative analysis of two different methods has shown that the results are consistent with each other and provide reliable data. In addition, the drug similarity, bioavailability score, bioactivity values, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiles of the Alpidem molecule were calculated, and it was determined that the Alpidem molecule has pharmacologically favorable properties. Within the scope of molecular docking analyses, its interactions with two different enzymes (PDB ID: 2Z5X and 4BDT) associated with Alzheimer's disease were evaluated. The binding energy values obtained were - 8.00 kcal/mol (2Z5X) and - 9.60 kcal/mol (4BDT), respectively, and the strong binding affinity, especially with the 4BDT protein, suggests that Alpidem may be a potential inhibitor candidate in Alzheimer's disease. This multi-level theoretical study demonstrates that Alpidem is a drug repurposing molecule not only as an anxiolytic but also in neurodegenerative diseases and provides important data that will shed light on experimental studies. The results of this multi-level theoretical study show that Alpidem is a drug repurposing molecule not only as an anxiolytic but also in neurodegenerative diseases and provides important data that will shed light on experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisacurone ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: regulation of inflammatory and apoptosis pathways via CHOP/GRP78 proteins.","authors":"Xueyan Liao, Qi Wang, Xiaoming Yang, Yuan Yao, Dezhi Zhu, Jing Feng, Kechun Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00949-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00949-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction is caused by persistent ischemia with or without reperfusion. Bisacurone, a terpenoid present in turmeric, possesses cardioprotective properties that alleviate heart hypertrophy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, its effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion damage (MIRI) has yet to be evaluated. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the underlying cardioprotective mechanism of bisacurone against MIRI in experimental rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-220 g) were administered either vehicle, diltiazem (10 mg/kg), or bisacurone (25, 50, and 100 µg/kg) for 14 days, followed by induction of MIRI by partial ligation of the left anterior descending artery and subsequent reperfusion injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bisacurone (50 and 100 µg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated IRI-induced cardiac damage, as evidenced by improvements in electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and left ventricular function tests. Furthermore, cardiac mitochondrial enzyme levels and HO-1 and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were substantially (p < 0.05) upregulated, whereas cardiac oxido-nitrosative stress, ANP, BNP, cTn-I, TNF-α, IL-1, TGF-β, Bax, and caspase-3 mRNA levels were effectively (p < 0.05) downregulated compared to the IRI control. It markedly (p < 0.05) reduced the number of apoptotic cells in cardiac tissue, as determined by flow cytometric analysis. Western blot analysis revealed that bisacurone therapy reduced IRI-induced myocardial apoptosis, as evidenced by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in CHOP and GRP78-protein expression. Bisacurone also improved IRI-induced histological and ultrastructural aberrations in cardiac tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that bisacurone exerts its cardioprotective effects by inhibiting oxido-nitrosative stress, inflammatory release (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β), apoptosis (Bax and Caspase-3), and by regulating the expression of CHOP and GRP78.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective role of coenzyme Q10 against trihexyphenidyl-induced pulmonary toxicity in Wistar rats.","authors":"Joseph Gbenga Omole, Lydia Oluwatoyin Ajayi, Itunuoluwa Rachael Ajewole, Teniola Osholonge, Oyedayo Phillips Akano, Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00955-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00955-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trihexyphenidyl (THP), an anticholinergic drug used to manage Parkinson's disease and dystonia, has been associated with oxidative stress and metabolic disturbances, particularly affecting pulmonary function. Long-term exposure to THP may induce lung toxicity through increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a lipid-soluble antioxidant and mitochondrial cofactor, has been shown to protect against oxidative damage and apoptosis in various models of toxicity. However, its role in mitigating THP-induced pulmonary toxicity remains unexplored. This study investigated the protective effects of CoQ10 against THP-induced pulmonary toxicity in male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8 per group): (i) Control (vehicle-treated), (ii) THP (1.5 mg/kg), (iii) CoQ10 (10 mg/kg), and (iv) THP + CoQ10. Treatments were administered orally once daily for 21 days. Body weight was recorded at baseline and endpoint. At the end of treatment, rats were euthanized, and lungs were excised, weighed, and processed for biochemical and histological analyses. Oxidative stress markers were assessed, including catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Metabolic enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) were measured. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was evaluated to assess vascular function, while caspase-3 levels were determined as an apoptotic marker. Histopathological examination of lung tissues was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>THP administration resulted in significant weight loss, increased lung weight, oxidative stress (decreased CAT, GPx, SOD, and GSH; increased MDA), and metabolic alterations (elevated LDH, PDH, lactate, and pyruvate). ACE activity was reduced, and caspase-3 was elevated, indicating apoptosis. CoQ10 co-administration mitigated these effects, restoring antioxidant enzyme activity, metabolic balance, and ACE levels while reducing MDA and caspase-3 expression. Histological analysis confirmed that CoQ10 ameliorated THP-induced pulmonary damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CoQ10 demonstrated significant protective effects against THP-induced oxidative stress, metabolic disturbances, and apoptosis, likely due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest CoQ10 as a potential therapeutic agent for THP-induced pulmonary toxicity, warranting further research.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the optimal concentration of quercetin liposome nanoparticles for the treatment of liver damage.","authors":"Nana Yin, Jian Pang, Xiangyan Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00951-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00951-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic injury is a common pathological process for a wide spectrum of liver diseases. Quercetin has been found to counteract this process by scavenging free radicals, but its therapeutic effect is limited due to poor water-solubility. Thus, the question of how to deliver quercetin to a target organ effectively with minimal side effects has remained a clinical challenge. Our previous research findings indicate that when quercetin is delivered in the form of liposomal nanoparticles, its targeting efficiency to the liver is significantly enhanced. Although quercetin liposomal nanoparticles have been shown to improve the therapeutic effect on liver damage compared to traditional quercetin treatment, the optimal dosage of liposomal quercetin still warrants further exploration. The aim of this study was therefore to ascertain whether there are differences in the therapeutic effects on liver damage at different dosages of quercetin liposomes and to determine the optimal dosage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>62 rats modeled with liver injury were enrolled and distributed into 4 groups, where they were treated with quercetin liposome nanoparticles, blank liposome nanoparticles, simple quercetin, and normal saline accordingly. Serum samples were measured for liver function indicators, and tissue samples were analyzed by pathohistological examination. Statistical analysis was performed to quantify the difference between the experimental and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both liver function and histopathological examinations demonstrated enhanced therapeutic effects as the concentration of quercetin liposome drugs increased. Moreover, compared to traditional quercetin treatments, liposomal quercetin nanoparticles of varying concentrations uniformly provide better liver protection, with the highest dose group showing the best therapeutic effect. In addition, low concentration carrier liposome nanoparticles also showed a certain protective effect on the liver damage in rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Liposomal quercetin nanoparticles exhibit superior efficacy in liver protection and repair compared to pure quercetin, with the highest dose group showing the best therapeutic effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The assessment of the relationship between anticholinergic burden and short-term blood pressure variability.","authors":"Cevdet Furkan Köşker, Reşit Emre Alparğan, Muhammed Ali Coşkuner, Gökhan Köker, Bilgin Bahadır Başgöz","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00952-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00952-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and anticholinergic burden (ACB) in adults with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 238 hypertensive patients aged 50 and older who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The medications used by the patients were recorded, and the ACB of each medication was calculated using the ACB Scale. The BPV was assessed based on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements using three methods: standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation of the standard deviation (SD-CoV), and weighted standard deviation (wSD), with evaluations conducted for both day-time and night-time periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 139 patients (58.40%) had no ACB score, 64 (26.89%) had an ACB score of 1, and 35 (14.71%) had an ACB score of 2 or higher. ACB scores were significantly higher among patients with heart disease, and ACB tended to increase with age. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between ACB and mean blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure dips, or any parameters of short-term BPV including Sd, SD-CoV and wSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant association was found between ACB and short-term BPV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate this relationship, which may inspire further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ranolazine as a therapeutic agent for diabetic cardiomyopathy: reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetic rat model.","authors":"Matin Mohyadini, Aghele Fahimi, S Zahra Bathaie, Hamid Yaghooti","doi":"10.1186/s40360-025-00945-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40360-025-00945-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant cardiovascular complication of diabetes, characterized by structural and functional heart muscle dysfunction. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation are pivotal in the pathogenesis of DCM. Ranolazine, primarily used for angina, has demonstrated potential cardioprotective effects. This study investigates the effects of ranolazine on oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats using Nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The rats were then divided into control and diabetic groups, with further subdivision into ranolazine-treated and untreated subgroups. Ranolazine was administered via gavage for eight weeks. Various parameters, including body weight, heart weight, serum glucose, troponin-I levels, oxidative stress markers, ER stress markers, and inflammatory markers, were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetic rats showed increased heart weight and decreased body weight over eight weeks. Ranolazine treatment improved body weight but didn't affect serum glucose levels. The treatment significantly lowered serum troponin-I and oxidative stress markers, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Additionally, ranolazine reduced the expression of stress-related genes (GRP78, XBP1, and NLRP3) and lowered serum IL1β levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that ranolazine protects against DCM by attenuating oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation. Its potential as a therapeutic agent for DCM warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9023,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology","volume":"26 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}