Journal of forensics research最新文献

{"title":"Editorial Note for Journal of Forensic Research for the previous success for the journal","authors":"Hakuma Yamata","doi":"10.37421/JFR.2020.11.454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JFR.2020.11.454","url":null,"abstract":"Without consistent development and progress, such words as progress, accomplishment, and achievement have no importance. The Journal of Forensic Research (ISSN: 2157-7145) is developing consistently from recent years. It is our pleasure to declare that during year 2019, all issues of volume 10 were published online on schedule and the print issues were additionally brought out and dispatched inside 30 days of publishing the issue on the web. Journal of Forensic Research (JFR) during this year also brought out 22nd World Congress on Nursing Education and Patient Safety and 6th International Conference on forensic Research and technology conference proceedings, which consisted of ˜50 abstracts. All published articles of this journal are included in the indexing and abstracting coverage of Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, Global Impact Factor (GIF), CiteFactor, Electronic Journals Library, RefSeek, International committee of medical journals editors (ICMJE), Hamdard University, EBSCO A-Z, Virtual Library of Biology (vifabio). Studies receiving funding from a funding organization that is included on the list of PMC and Research Funder Policies or authors having NIH grant were submitted to PubMed. During the calendar year 2019, JFR received a total of 60 papers, out of which 28 articles (58%) were rejected in the preliminary screening due to plagiarism or being out of the format and peer review process. During 2019 around 32 articles were subjected for publication after they are accepted in the peer review process. In the 4 issues of Volume 10 published during the year 2019, articles were published from authors all around the world. A total of 110 research scientists from all over the world reviewed the 32 articles published in volume 10. Average publication lag time of an article was further reduced to 2-3 weeks. Forensic Research also announces its new association with Hilaris group for Archiving, Journal maintenance, financial purpose and support. However the journal will be running its original website www. hilarispublisher.com/forensic-research.html parallel for Editorial and review work process so as to maintain its highest standard of scientific work. I take this opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of Editor-in- Chief: Peter Gill (Norway), Jianye Ge (USA), Jian Tie (Japan), during the final editing of articles published and the support rendered by the editorial assistants: Dr Jawahar Mehta, Hiroshi Ikegaya and Scott Reed in bringing out issues of JFR on time. I would also like to express my gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, the publisher, the advisory and the editorial board of JFR, the office bearers for their support in bringing out yet another volume of JFR and look forward to their unrelenting support to bring out the Volume 11 of JFR on scheduled time.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70054031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case of Postmortem Burning Following Suicide","authors":"M. Focardi, B. Defraia, B. Valentina","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000432","url":null,"abstract":"In this case study, a 63-year-old male, holding with his right hand a 12 gauge, double trigger shotgun, loaded with one cartridge, was found completely carbonized inside a burnt out car. The body showed a degree of destruction by fire, consisting of a level 3 of the Crow-Glassman Scale (CGS). Toxicological analyses were performed on still available soft tissues and body fluids. Based on X-ray examination and autopsy findings, the victim was not still alive at the time of fire. The death was determined by a cranio-facial trauma due to a shotgun . The fusion of the lower right limb with the accelerator pedal suggested to the investigators an uncommon way to ignite the car. In fact, not only there was not found accelerant, but it was determined that the fire started from the engine.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7145.1000432","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48467202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superimposing Images of the Smile on Carbonised Remains for Human Identification Purposes","authors":"P. S. A. Prado, Richard Wagner Rodrigues, Milward Faria, Eduardo Kelly Silva, Adriana Maria Carneiro","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000435","url":null,"abstract":"The easy access to electronic devices with high-quality cameras and the widespread use of social network have been changing the forensic dental and anthropological analysis in human identification massively, especially related to dental and facial superimposition methods. The methodology of smile superimposition consists of the comparison of ante mortem (AM) and post-mortem (PM) smile images showing dental traits especially the superior incisor and canines. These methods are an important forensic tool especially when there are no medical and or dental records. The present paper reports a case of a positive human identification using the smile line and superimposition of the teeth techniques on carbonized human dental remains. A carbonized body of male adult found in the trunk of a car was send to the Medico-Legal Institute, where forensic dental and anthropological analysis were carried out. The family of the victim could only provide two smiling pictures of the man from social media. The dental superimposition showed concordance between the AM and PM photograph smile lines, matching dental traits such as incisive dental crowding and respective angle as well as the presence of white spots. The aim of this report is to highlight the effectiveness of the use of smile superimposition images to identify heavily carbonized human remains especially when no other data is available.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Less Known Anderson Method for Dental Age Estimation in Indian Scenario: A Pilot Study","authors":"R. Chaudhary, N. Doggalli","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000438","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are different dental age estimation methods for children and adolescents but Anderson method for dental age estimation in later childhood and early adolescence is less known in Indian scenario. Objectives: The aim of study was to compare the efficacy of Anderson’s method in Indian children (6-17 years) for dental age estimation. Materials and methods: Digital Orthopantomogram of 104 subjects were collected for the assessment of maxillary teeth and mandibular teeth development using Moorrees method of staging and dental age was assessed using mean dental age given by Anderson method. Results and discussion: Anderson’s method was found to be more accurate with mean difference age overestimation of 0.04 years for mandibular arch, underestimation of 0.43 years for maxillary arch and 0.19 years for combining both maxillary and mandibular arches. Conclusion: This study showed significant relation between dental age and chronological age for both the sexes.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Optimization of HMTD Traces Detection by HS-SPME-GC/MS and HS-SPME-GC/μECD","authors":"H. Stambouli, A. E. Bouri, A. Dahrouch, Abdelfattah Boukhaled, T. Bouayoun","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000437","url":null,"abstract":"HMTD is known for its decomposition at low temperatures. The use of common techniques such as GC/MS and GC/μECD for its detection in liquid solutions or solid traces requires the control of analytical conditions. The present work proposes two sensitive methods using GC/MS and GC/μECD where the injector temperature is set at 150°C to analyse successfully the concentrations of 0.1 ng (10-4 mg/mL) and 0.05 ng (0.5-10.4 mg/mL) of HMTD in acetone solutions. The analysis of solid traces of HMTD was performed with the same methods by adopting the headspace mode using the SPME fibre. The exposure the fibre in the headspace during 10 min at ambient temperature (22°C) and the desorption in the injector at 150°C, allow the detection of HMTD without degradation. In addition, to simulate crater sample, 3 mg of HMTD are mixed to 150 g of soil (0.002%). In this case, HMTD was also successfully detected by HS-SPME-GC/MS and HS-SPMEGC/μECD after 1 h exposure of the fibre at 22°C. These results demonstrate the performance of these optimized methods for trace analysis of HMTD.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Estimation from Pulp/Tooth Area Ratio of Canines using Cone-BeamComputed Tomography Image Analysis: Study of an Egyptian Sample","authors":"M. Afify, W. Salem, Naglaa F. Mahmoud","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000434","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate, non-invasive and conservative methods for dental age estimation of unknown Individuals are an important aspect in different legal, forensic and anthropological situations. The pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) used to estimate age by measuring the amount of decrease in the volume of the dental pulp cavity due to secondary dentin deposition. The study aims to age estimation based on PTR of canines measured in sagittal and axial planes obtained from Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image data. One hundred fifty CBCT images of Egyptian individuals (age range: 14-68 years) were analysed. PTR were measured by AutoCAD 2013. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between age and PTR, and to establish a mathematical model for the human age estimation. Study results revealed that the maxillary canines and sagittal sections measurements produced a higher correlation between chronological age and PTR. Therefore, maxillary canine sagittal section was the most accurate for age estimation (r=-0.919). The Standard errors of estimates (SEE) of the regression analyses for the individual canine sections and section combinations were found to be (range: ± 4.76 8.1 years) which an acceptable range in for forensic application (SEE ± 10 years). In conclusion, this study showed that PTR calculation of canines is a reliable parameter for human age estimation and that CBCT is an easy and conservative approach with reasonable precision and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Maturity as a Predictor of Chronological Age","authors":"P. Sahani, R. Tyagi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000431","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Present study was conducted to study association between chronological age and biological age on the basis of dental maturity. Methodology: The study was conducted among the children belonging to the 10-11 years age group. Eruption of teeth or somatic tooth development was recorded visually and photographically. Dental formula of the respondents, dental problems and anomalies were recorded. The data was analyzed using frequency distribution and percentage for selected factors like dental hygiene, food preferences, socio-economic status etc. Result: Teeth eruption was reported to be earlier among girls than boys; Dental anomalies, dental problems like cavities, plaque and blackening were also reported among respondents. Conclusion: The dental maturity was reported to be relatively faster among girls as compared to boys, Association between dental maturity and chronological age were reported among boys and girls both.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary DNA Analysis: A Proof of Evidence","authors":"Khan Sg, Bhale Np, Mali Rs, More Bp, Shinde Sa, Kulkarni Kv","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000433","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of DNA in criminal investigations has increased in recent years. Law enforcement investigators heavily rely on DNA profiling of evidences to identify and solve routine as well as difficult cases. Short tandem repeat (STR) DNA Profiling technology has emerged as the most accurate and trusted scientific method to help prove the crime and the victims to achieve justice. When solving cases like murder, rape, theft, burglary etc, the presence of any evidence that can act as a source of DNA, at the crime scene helps the investigators. The presence of a DNA source helps to confirm the presence of the perpetrator at the scene of crime. It becomes the major work of the Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) Team to thoroughly check and collect all the evidences that can be used as a source for DNA.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70356172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Three-Dimensional Injury Maps and The Effects of Different Visual Presentation Formats","authors":"W. Sophena, P. Andrew, M. Sean, B. Kurstie, D. Gyles","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000422","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic Presentation of Evidence (EPE) is the most modern form of displaying evidence in court; EPE can be \u0000presented in the form of computer animated aids. An example of this is three-dimensional injured anatomical \u0000models, also known as injury mapping. This study aimed to determine the most effective format to display injury \u0000maps in court. Experts have proclaimed that injury maps are currently displayed through the form of videos and \u0000static images. However, the existing methods present limitations such as limited angles and restricted zoom settings. \u0000Professionals have recommended injury maps to be displayed on an interactive platform. During the experiment, an \u0000injury map was created and exported in three displaying formats (Static image, Video, Interactive platform). Thirtytwo \u0000participants, that met the demographical requirement of a jury, viewed the injury maps through the three formats. \u0000A qualitative questionnaire based on the effectiveness of each displaying format, was produced and answered by \u0000the participants. Once the data points were gathered, data analysis was conducted to determine the favourable \u0000displaying format. Twenty-two out of thirty-two participants preferred the interactive format, which has prompted \u0000experts in the field to move into the era of producing an interactive platform to display injury maps.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44495609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bitcoin Investigations: Evolving Methodologies and Case Studies","authors":"Andrew Lr, D. Ao","doi":"10.4172/2157-7145.1000420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7145.1000420","url":null,"abstract":"Bitcoin is a decentralized, pseudonymous, virtual currency which has been linked to many nefarious activities, such as money laundering, ransomware demands, and the purchase of contraband goods and services. Although it has many redeeming features such as low transaction costs, no charge-backs, and service to the world’s 2.5 billion unbanked, the public has become aware of Bitcoin through spectacular news stories of corruption and criminal activities. Techniques to investigate Bitcoin and to identify its users are therefore required to enforce laws and protect the public. This paper discusses what Bitcoin is and how it works, and explores various investigative methodologies to perform Bitcoin network analysis, transactional analysis, and wallet analysis. Finally, this paper discusses emerging issues and suggests areas for improvement with the goal of gaining general acceptance of investigative techniques for admissibility as scientific evidence in courtroom testimony.","PeriodicalId":90216,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensics research","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7145.1000420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}