Journal of behavioral health最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Eating Patterns on Weight Status and Academic Performance of a Nigerian Undergraduate Population","authors":"M. Olodu, Solomon Fafidiya, Kehinde Daomi, Abimbola Hussein","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190726025730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190726025730","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unhealthy diets have been linked to undesired weight gain and poor cognitive development in adulthood. However, the link between eating pattern, weight status and academic performance have received much less attention in the young adult population. Objective: This study seeks to understand the influence of eating patterns on weight status and academic performance. Method: A structured self-administered questionnaire was completed by a representative sample of 399 undergraduates. The questionnaire explored socio-demographic characteristics, dietary diversity, food frequency pattern and meal pattern of respondents. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The mean age (SD) of the respondents was 21.8 (±2.52) years and were mostly (35.3%) in their 3rd year of study. Most (58.6%) of the students had good dietary diversity and were mostly females (53.0%). The prevalence of unhealthy food frequency pattern (FFP) was high (80.7%) among respondents, especially among males (53.1%). There were no statistically significant relationships between FFP, weight status and academic performance (p>0.05). The majority (62.7%) had an unhealthy meal pattern, and this was higher in males (55.6%). There were no statistically significant relationships between the meal pattern, weight status and academic performance (p>0.05). However, a higher proportion of respondents with healthy eating patterns had good academic performances. Conclusion: Unhealthy eating patterns were common among undergraduates, especially among males. There was no statistically significant relationship between eating patterns, weight status and academic performance. It is recommended that policies that will promote healthy eating patterns among students be implemented in the university environment.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social, Cultural and Environmental determinants of a Proposed Schistosomiasis Health Education Intervention in Eggua, Nigeria","authors":"C. Anumudu, O. Onile, H. Awobode, Anuoluwapo Tokunbo, V. Oladele, A. Adebayo, Catherine Chouvwen","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190521094753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190521094753","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Central to the utility of health education in the control of schistosomiasis is an understanding of the way a community perceives, understands and can explain how schistosomiasis occurs among them. Methods: In order to study the environmental, social and cultural determinants of continued schistosomiasis prevalence in Eggua, we administered semi-structured questionnaires to 372 adults between November 2012 and December 2015which asked about the perceptions, understanding of the community and the patterns of schistosomiasis. Results: The respondents’ ages ranged from 35 to above 60 years. 44.7% had no schooling and 39.6% had a least a primary education. 48.4%were farmers, 29.8% traders, and 1.6%fisher-folk. Majority (79%, 95% CI 76.5-83.0) were of a Christian denomination where members spend long periods in the river praying. Water contact was frequent with 89.5% visiting the rivers daily. Despite the research surveys taking place in Yewa since 2009, 81.5% of respondents did not know the cause of blood in urine, and self-reported haematuria was low, 4.6%. Latrine use was negligible, up to 95% of respondents did not have a latrine. Those who had heard about schistosomiasis were not well-educated on prevention methods; 89.5% didn’t know they could be re-infected after treatment. Conclusion: Formal Health Education initiatives which consider these findings should be designed for the control of schistosomiasis in Eggua.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Sense of Coherence among parents of children with Down syndrome and Intellectual disability and does this affect parents perception of their childs oral health","authors":"A. Prakash, P. Subramaniam","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190717034229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190717034229","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: Sense of Coherence (SOC) explains why some individuals cope up with extremely stressful life conditions and stay healthy, while others become ill and diseased. The present study was carried out to assess the SOC in parents of children with Down Syndrome and Intellectual Disability and whether it has any impact on their perception of maintaining oral health of their children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study was conducted at various special schools in Bangalore. The study group consisted of parents of 30 children with Down Syndrome and parents of 30 Intellectually Disabled children. Parents of 30 healthy children formed the control group. All the children were aged between 10-15 years. Items in the SOC questionnaire were rated on a seven-point Likert scale, where participants were asked to understand each question and mark their response by circling one of the numbers from 1-7. The items were scored accordingly and the mean SOC score was calculated for each group using one-way ANOVA test. Pairwise comparison of mean SOC was done between the groups using Tukey’s HSD post hoc analysis. Significance was considered at p","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory may be Enhanced from Exercise-Induced Myokine Production of Cathepsin B","authors":"P. Loprinzi","doi":"10.5455/JBH.20180827014702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JBH.20180827014702","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial discusses the role that Cathepsin B may play in mediating the relationship between exercise and memory function.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70809806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Acculturation on Physical Activity Behavior of Hispanic Adolescents","authors":"E. Sng, P. Loprinzi","doi":"10.5455/JBH.20170629045921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JBH.20170629045921","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Participation in physical activity (PA) among adolescents lowers the risk for various chronic diseases. Yet, few adolescents in the U.S., particularly minority adolescents, meet guidelines of recommended PA (60 minutes daily). Acculturation has been shown to affect PA among adults but is less investigated among Hispanic adolescents. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the association between acculturation and PA utilizing a nationally representative sample from the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey. Methods: A final sample of 119 (weighted sample 3.3 million) adolescents (12-15 years) completed validated acculturation (language as a proxy measure) and PA questionnaires (# of days engaging in 60 min/day). Results: After adjustments, and compared to speaking only Spanish/little English, those who spoke equal English/Spanish (β=-.92, p=.05) and more English than Spanish (β=-.99, p=.04) engaged in fewer days of PA. Conclusion: These findings are, generally, in contrast to adult studies, which show that greater acculturation is associated with more PA. Tailored PA and sedentary interventions among Hispanic adolescents should consider their degree of acculturation.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70809595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Behaviours, Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life of Clinical and Non-Clinical Students of a University in Nigeria","authors":"A. Odole, N. Odunaiya, S. Charles, J. Ojo","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190525012131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190525012131","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Chronic illnesses and non-communicable diseases are consequences of risky health behaviors established during childhood and adolescence and carried out into adulthood. These health behaviors which include alcohol use, poor dietary habits, smoking and use of psychoactive substances impact on the quality of life negatively. This study was therefore designed to investigate the health behaviors, self-efficacy and quality of life of University students. Methodology: A crosss sectional survey which involved 320 (140 males, 183 females) conveniently sampled particpants. Data was collected on health behaviors using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Alcohol Use Identification Test 10, Nigeria Composite and Lifestyle CVD Risk Factors Questionnaire, General self-efficacy scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF and the Drug Use questionnaire DAST-10. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics of means, percentages, frequencies, pie charts, independent t-test and Chi square with α set at = 0.05. Results: The study revealed that 31.2% of the participants reported low physical activity level. Psychoactive substance use was reported in 16.4% of both populations while 9% of the entire population smoked. Most participants (53.5%) reported high consumption of carbohydrate rich foods while there was low consumption of vegetables and fruits among the students. The study revealed that clinical students had higher average scores for self-efficacy and quality of life than non-clinical students. There was a significant difference in the physical activity level (p=0.04), alcohol use (p=0.001), psychoactive substance use (p=0.003), self-efficacy (p-0.007) and quality of life (0.001) between clinical and non-clinical students. Conclusion and Recommendation: Clinical students had better self-efficacy and quality of life than non-clinical students. Both student populations engaged in risky behaviors (smoking, alcohol and psychoactive substance use) and most had poor dietary habits. Provision of enlightenment programs on the consequences of health risk behaviors to clinical and non-clinical students. Similar studies should be carried out in other geopolitical zones and on other health behaviors.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Displays of Affection in Same-Sex vs. Opposite-Sex Couples and the Influence of Loved Ones' Approval","authors":"Devin Simpkins, S. Martino","doi":"10.5455/JBH.20181106024322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JBH.20181106024322","url":null,"abstract":"Though progress has been made over the past few decades regarding acceptance of same-sex relationships and the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender (LGBT) community as a whole, the negative stigma associated with being a member of the community is still prevalent in our society today (Frost, 2011). Frost (2011) explains that negative stereotypes surrounding intimacy as it is expressed in same-sex relationships generate and encourage opportunities for heterosexual relationships to continue conveying affection, while obstructing those same principles from same-sex couples. Individuals involved in same-sex relationships may abstain from engaging in public displays of affection (PDA) out of fear of social disapproval or judgment (Kent & El-Alayli, 2011). Beyond this, limited literature is available addressing public displays of affection in same-sex couples. There is equally little research available regarding parental approval of same-sex couples, particularly regarding college-aged same-sex relationships. This study found significant differences between public displays of affection and sexual orientation. This study also looked at the impact of social approval.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication skills Among Ardabil Medical University Students and its Association with Demographic Characteristics","authors":"S. Tabrizian, B. Molaei, Mahzad Yusefian, R. Aslanian, F. Amani","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190529061803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190529061803","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Communication Skills (CS) are one of the elements of generic skills that are essential among university students. Communication skills are referred to hearing and speech relation between people and its feedback. Medical students as the main members of the medical personal need to acquire communication skills in order to have communicate effectively and purposefully with patients . The weakness of communication between the medical staff can lead to medical mistakes and reduce the patient’s quality of care. So, the aim of this study was to determine the level of Communication skills Among Ardabil Medical University Students and its Association with Demographic Characteristics. Methods: This descriptive–analytical study was conducted on 250 medical students who selected randomly of Ardabil medical university students in 2018. The data collection tool was a questionnaire included demographic data and interpersonal communication skills test (34 items) with a range of 34-170. Data analysis was done using statistical methods in SPSS version 21. Results: Of all students, 62.3% were girls and the rest were boys. The average age of students was 23.7 ± 2.3 years. Of students 54.7% had moderate communication skills and the others had high levels of communication skills. The average score of student communication skills was 98 ± 14 and there was a significant relationship between gender and communication skill levels. Of students, 36.7% also had a history of participation in individual skills workshops . Conclusion: The results indicated that students' communication skills were in moderate and girl students had higher level of communication skills than boys.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70809954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of Prevalence, Attitude, Practices of Pubic Hair Removal (PHR) activities","authors":"A. Prabhune, D. Nagrath, P. Vimal","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20190828051852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20190828051852","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives - The PHR practices are common around the world, for long the internet has been source of information, which is usually avialble from blogs, forums, social media. A lot of misinformation, misguidance is resulted because of lack of scientifically published literature providing proper information on the PHR practices. We undertook systematic review of existing population based studies to understand the prevalence, attitude, practices of PHR in published literature. Methods - We searched for population based studies across the globe for prevalence, attitude and practice of PHR in study participants on electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, J-Gate, Medline). A total of 307 titles were identified on which 9 were considered eligible for the study. Descriptive analysis was carried on the 9 identified study to know the prevalence, attitude and practices of PHR. Results – The prevalence of PHR at least once was 75%, Friends(73%) were the prime motivators to initiate the first PHR activity. Personal Hygiene(69%) was cited as the most common driver for regular PHR activity. Shaving using Razor blade(58%) was the most common mode of PHR and Abrasion(34%) was the most common complication. Conclusions – Pubic Hair Removal is a common practice among both males and females, the practice is initiated and propelled mostly through personal preferences. The current need is to undertake population based studies, specifically in developing countries and present the evidence backed information on do’s and don’ts for optimum PHR experience with minimal complications.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70810267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimator among primary care physicians in a Medicare advantage plan","authors":"Scarlet Najera, T. Esse, O. Serna, A. Vadhariya, S. Rege, M. Fleming, S. Abughosh, Jeannie Choi","doi":"10.5455/jbh.20180925070610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jbh.20180925070610","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk Estimator, an online calculator tool for primary prevention, can aid providers in assessing the 10-year and lifetime risks for ASCVD. Primary care physician (PCP) awareness of the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator has not been adequately examined. Objective: To assess PCP awareness of the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator. Methods: A survey was administered to PCPs during health plan provider network meetings in July 2016. The survey included questions regarding PCP awareness of the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator, as well as location and predominant socioeconomic status of the patient population. Demographic and practice variables such as gender, race, ethnicity, age, years in practice, and specialty were collected. Risk Estimator awareness was determined overall, and group differences by PCP and practice characteristics were examined using chi-square tests for categorical variables, and t-tests for continuous variables. Results: A total of 214 out of 215 physicians from the health plan’s Southwest and Southeast Texas regions completed the survey. Among those surveyed, 57% indicated awareness of the ASCVD Risk Estimator. PCP awareness was significantly associated with the patients’ socioeconomic status, where physicians treating mostly the indigent patient population were more aware of the Risk Estimator compared to those treating mostly middle- and upper-class populations. Conclusion: Over 40% of those surveyed were unaware of the ASCVD Risk Estimator, indicating a need for education among PCPs as it pertains to improving patient care in high-risk CVD patients.","PeriodicalId":90204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of behavioral health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70809864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}