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Understanding Multiple System Atrophy—Could Genetics Lead the Way? 理解多系统萎缩——遗传学可以引领方向吗?
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.110
Miriam Sklerov, C. Waters
{"title":"Understanding Multiple System Atrophy—Could Genetics Lead the Way?","authors":"Miriam Sklerov, C. Waters","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.110","url":null,"abstract":"M ultiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive, adult-onset, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, autonomic failure, and corticospinal tract dysfunction. It is considered a rare disease, similar in frequency to the more well-known neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Lou Gehrig’s disease. Though MSA has not traditionally been considered a genetic disease, new evidence is emerging supporting some genetic predisposition in many patients. In this short review, we will discuss advances in the knowledge of genetics in MSA and how this has furthered our understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. There is still much unknown about this disease, but some of the recent advances made in MSA genetics may give important clues to understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wellness for People Living with Multiple Sclerosis Begins on Day One—With Comprehensive, Coordinated Care that is Our Shared Responsibility 多发性硬化症患者的健康从第一天就开始了——全面、协调的护理是我们共同的责任
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.78
R. Kalb
{"title":"Wellness for People Living with Multiple Sclerosis Begins on Day One—With Comprehensive, Coordinated Care that is Our Shared Responsibility","authors":"R. Kalb","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.78","url":null,"abstract":"L iving well with multiple sclerosis (MS) requires the integration of neurologic and primary care, psychosocial support and wellness strategies from diagnosis onward. Promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviors and management of co-morbidities may help to improve quality of life, slow disease progression, reduce hospitalizations and prolong life. The National MS Society’s new Wellness Discussion Guide is available to facilitate conversations with patients as well as shared decision-making around wellness strategies.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Differentiating Multifocal Motor Neuropathy from Entrapment Neuropathy—A Diagnostic Challenge 鉴别多灶性运动神经病与卡压神经病-诊断挑战
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.17
R. Rison, S. Beydoun
{"title":"Differentiating Multifocal Motor Neuropathy from Entrapment Neuropathy—A Diagnostic Challenge","authors":"R. Rison, S. Beydoun","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.17","url":null,"abstract":"TOUCH MEDICAL MEDIA 17 Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a rare, immune-mediated neuromuscular condition characterized by impairment of the peripheral motor nerves, leading to muscle weakness, affecting the arms more than the legs. The disease was formerly known as MMN with conduction block (MMNCB), since a predominant feature is CB at multiple sites along the motor nerves, although at early stages the axons are not affected. Entrapment neuropathy (EN) occurs when single nerves in various body locations become chronically compressed or mechanically injured as a result of various factors, including anatomical structures, fibro-osseous tunnels, ligaments, local edema, tumors, diabetes, medications, arthritis, hypothyroidism, obesity, or repetitive movements. Nerve compression causes sensory symptoms, such as paresthesias, numbness, dysesthesias, muscle weakness, and atrophy (if untreated), in the affected anatomical area. The involvement of a single or more than one nerve can resemble some of the motor symptoms of MMN, and consequently, in its early stages, it is possible to confuse the two conditions, which can have serious clinical consequences.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Improving Education in Neuromuscular Medicine—The Essential Ingredients 改善神经肌肉医学教育-基本成分
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.27
D. Quan
{"title":"Improving Education in Neuromuscular Medicine—The Essential Ingredients","authors":"D. Quan","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cancer, Chemotherapy and Cognitive Dysfunction 癌症，化疗和认知功能障碍
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.43
J. Dietrich, J. Kaiser
{"title":"Cancer, Chemotherapy and Cognitive Dysfunction","authors":"J. Dietrich, J. Kaiser","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.43","url":null,"abstract":"Decline in cognitive function, such as memory impairment, is one of the most commonly reported symptoms in cancer patients. Importantly, cognitive impairment is not restricted to patients treated for brain tumors, but also frequently present in patients treated for tumors outside the nervous system. Recent discoveries from preclinical and translational studies have defined various risk factors and mechanisms underlying such symptoms. The translation of these findings into clinical practice will improve patient management by limiting the degree of neurotoxicity from current therapies, and by exploring novel mechanisms of brain repair.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A New Perspective in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Psychosis 帕金森病精神病治疗的新视角
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.93
R. Pahwa, K. Lyons
{"title":"A New Perspective in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Psychosis","authors":"R. Pahwa, K. Lyons","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.93","url":null,"abstract":"N europsychiatric symptoms, such as psychosis, are well described in Parkinson’s disease (PD); most appear to be due to disease pathology with exacerbation caused by dopaminergic treatment. More than 50% of patients with PD develop psychosis at some point throughout their disease course. Clinicians need to routinely assess patients with PD for psychotic symptoms, particularly hallucinations. Treatment of psychotic symptoms in PD is an unmet need as there are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medications specifically for PD psychosis (PDP). Current treatments for PDP have been adapted from dopamine antagonists used to treat psychosis in other conditions, such as schizophrenia. Typical antipsychotics, as well as some atypical antipsychotics, worsen PD motor symptoms due to blockade of dopamine D2 receptors. Quetiapine and clozapine have been studied in PDP and are the most commonly used treatments for PDP. Clozapine has been shown to be effective; however, regular bloodwork is required, while data for quetiapine are inconsistent. Pimavanserin, a highly selective serotonin (5HT2A subtype) receptor inverse agonist, is not associated with motor worsening in PDP patients due to the absence of dopamine blockade. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, pimavanserin showed significant improvement in moderate to severe psychosis compared to placebo, with good tolerability and without worsening of PD motor symptoms. These data suggest that pimavanserin is a safe and efficacious treatment for PDP psychosis and could be a potential new treatment option for PDP.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exploring Patients’ Knowledge and Misconceptions about Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy 探讨患者对多发性硬化症与妊娠的认识与误解
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.34
S. Wesley, M. Fabian, S. Krieger
{"title":"Exploring Patients’ Knowledge and Misconceptions about Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy","authors":"S. Wesley, M. Fabian, S. Krieger","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Physical activity and healthy aging with multiple sclerosis-Literature review and research directions 体育活动与多发性硬化症健康衰老——文献综述及研究方向
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.29
R. Motl, E. Sebastião, R. Klaren, E. McAuley, E. Stine-Morrow, B. Roberts
{"title":"Physical activity and healthy aging with multiple sclerosis-Literature review and research directions","authors":"R. Motl, E. Sebastião, R. Klaren, E. McAuley, E. Stine-Morrow, B. Roberts","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.01.29","url":null,"abstract":"TOUCH MEDICAL MEDIA 29 Of the 400,000 adults living with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the US, an estimated 30% are between the age of 55–64 years and nearly 15% are 65 years of age or older.1 There is additional evidence of a shift in the peak prevalence of MS among older age groups. For example, the peak prevalence of MS in Manitoba, Canada occurred at 35–39 years of age, with no documented cases beyond an age of 64 years, in 1984.2 By 2004, the peak prevalence was at 55–59 years of age, with cases of MS documented beyond 80 years of age.2 This represents a “greying” of the MS population that coincides with both increased survival of those with MS and the shifting demographic landscape worldwide.3 That is, there are greater numbers of older adults living with MS than ever before, and this trend will continue over the foreseeable decades. This will present both clinical and public health problems for managing the consequences of aging with MS as a chronic condition.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Acute and Subacute Ischemic Stroke—A Review of Temperature, Blood Pressure and Glycemic Management 急性和亚急性缺血性卒中——体温、血压和血糖管理的综述
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.105
Shannon K. Hextrum, B. Bar
{"title":"Acute and Subacute Ischemic Stroke—A Review of Temperature, Blood Pressure and Glycemic Management","authors":"Shannon K. Hextrum, B. Bar","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.105","url":null,"abstract":"T he treatment of ischemic stroke is often divided between acute interventions (endovascular therapy, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator [IV tPA]) and long-term secondary prevention (modifying risk factors, antithrombotic therapy, etc.). There is great variability between practitioners in the medical management of stroke during hospitalization, in part because of confusing and contradictory results in the literature. Temperature management and therapeutic hypothermia is discussed in this review. In regards to blood pressure targets, while permissive hypertension is often recognized as a beneficial strategy in acute stroke, blood pressure reduction is essential for secondary stroke prevention. We review the literature regarding optimal timing of different blood pressure goals. Finally, the limited literature regarding glycemic control in ischemic stroke patients is discussed.","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67611990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel intranasal delivery of sumatriptan as a route to rapid and sustained relief in the acute treatment of migraine 新型鼻内给药舒马曲坦作为快速和持续缓解偏头痛急性治疗的途径
US neurology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.84
D. Friedman
{"title":"Novel intranasal delivery of sumatriptan as a route to rapid and sustained relief in the acute treatment of migraine","authors":"D. Friedman","doi":"10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17925/USN.2016.12.02.84","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90076,"journal":{"name":"US neurology","volume":"12 1","pages":"84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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