BMC Emergency Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Current practices and knowledge of adenosine administration for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a multi-province survey in Chinese emergency departments.","authors":"Hao Zou, Guanguan Luo, Cheng Jiang, Xiaopeng Tu, Jiaohong Gan, Ruikai Zhu, Jie Qin, Jian Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01288-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01288-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a common arrhythmia in emergency departments, with adenosine recommended as the first-line therapy in international guidelines. However, its adoption remains limited in China due to accessibility challenges, cost concerns, and entrenched reliance on traditional antiarrhythmics.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the current utilization of adenosine for PSVT in Chinese emergency departments, identify barriers to guideline adherence, and evaluate physicians' knowledge of adenosine administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 988 emergency physicians across 10 Chinese provinces from July 1 to July 31, 2024. The questionnaire, distributed via WeChat, collected demographic data, treatment preferences, and knowledge of adenosine's contraindications and side effects. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9.5.0.730, with chi-square tests for group comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>34.6% of physicians reported adenosine use, contrasting with higher utilization of amiodarone (63.77%) and propafenone (55.77%). Limited accessibility was evident: 53.74% of hospitals stocked adenosine, and only 55.18% of emergency departments maintained consistent supplies. While 58.57% of respondents correctly identified the 6 mg IV bolus dose, knowledge gaps persisted for contraindications and side effects. Attending physicians demonstrated lower protocol adherence than residents and chiefs (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emergency physicians, especially those in charge, have a limited understanding of SVT and the appropriate use of adenosine, necessitating further training for this demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic brain injuries in a district level emergency department in Cape Town: describing patients' journey from arrival to CT scan and neurosurgery.","authors":"Mignon du Toit, Daniël J van Hoving, Abigael Tamba, Ryan Mark O'Meara, Clint Hendrikse","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01277-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01277-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting patient risk of leaving without being seen using machine learning: a retrospective study in a single overcrowded emergency department.","authors":"Arianna Scala, Teresa Angela Trunfio, Massimo Majolo, Michelangelo Chiacchio, Giuseppe Russo, Paolo Montuori, Giovanni Improta","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01287-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01287-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emergency department (ED) overcrowding has become a critical issue in hospital management, leading to increased patient wait times and higher rates of individuals leaving without being seen (LWBS). This study aims to identify key factors influencing LWBS rates and to develop a predictive model using machine learning (ML) techniques. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80,614 ED visits recorded at Maresca Hospital in Torre del Greco, Italy, between 2019 and 2023. Statistical analyses were performed to examine correlations between patient characteristics, operational variables, and LWBS occurrences. Four ML classification algorithms-Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression-were evaluated for their predictive capabilities. Random Forest demonstrated the highest performance on the minority class, achieving an overall accuracy of 72%. Feature importance analysis highlighted waiting time, triage score, and access mode as significant predictors. These findings suggest that predictive modeling may support hospital resource planning and patient flow management strategies to reduce LWBS rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between humoral immunity and clinical outcomes of patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and resuscitation: a retrospective study.","authors":"Zhenyu Shan, Xingsheng Wang, Le An, Chenchen Hang, Zihao Jiang, Weijie Cheng, Ziqi Zhong, Rui Shao, Ziren Tang","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01282-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01282-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) suffer from hypoxia-ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The impact of early humoral immunity on prognosis in this process remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outcomes at discharge were evaluated in 183 patients resuscitated from OHCA, including neurological outcomes as measured by CPC scores, survival, and length of stay (LOS). Humoral immunity, including IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4, was tested on the first day of admission. Difference test, restricted cubic spline, and correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation between humoral immunity and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences were observed in IgM, C3, and C4 levels among patients with different prognoses. Patients with poor prognosis have lower IgM levels (CPC 1-2 vs. CPC 3-5: 68.3[47.05-105] vs. 55.45[31.95-86.12] mg/dL, P = 0.0256), lower C3 levels (CPC 1-2 vs. CPC 3-5: 72.1[62.6-72.1] vs. 63.05[49.83-79.72] mg/dL, P = 0.0091; survival vs. dead: 72.1[60.9-86.62] vs. 58.7[43.7-72.6] mg/dL, P < 0.0001), and lower C4 levels (survival vs. dead: 18.9[15.38-22.92] vs. 17.2[11.85-21.5] mg/dL, P = 0.0148). Non-linear correlations were found between humoral immunity and prognosis (IgM: OR_non-linear=1.068[95%CI: 1.009-1.130], P_non-linear=0.0236); C3: OR_non-linear=1.048[95%CI: 1.000-1.097], P_non-linear=0.0488). LOS was negatively linearly correlated with IgG (R²_adjusted = 0.115, P = 0.0148) and C3 (R²_adjusted = 0.127, P = 0.0108) in patients with CPC 1-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Humoral immunity is at a low level in OHCA patients after ROSC, and humoral immunity was associated with neurological prognosis, survival at discharge, and LOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of a novel clinical score for predicting acute ischemic stroke in emergency department patients presenting with vertigo or dizziness.","authors":"Tuğba Sanalp Menekşe, İlker Şirin, Yavuz Otal","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01284-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01284-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vertigo or dizziness (VDS) are common reasons for emergency department (ED) visits and pose significant challenges in the early identification of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The TriAGe + score was developed to predict AIS in patients presenting with VDS without relying on neuroimaging; however, its diagnostic accuracy compared with ABCD-based scores remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the TriAGe + score in distinguishing central ischemic causes from peripheral etiologies in patients with VDS and to compare its predictive accuracy for AIS, including posterior circulation infarctions (PCIs), with that of the ABCD2, ABCD3, and ABCD3-I scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study evaluated 1,138 patients who presented to a tertiary ED with VDS complaints between January 2023 and July 2024. After applying the exclusion criteria, 886 patients were included. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging within 72 h for diagnostic confirmation. On the basis of the imaging results, 210 patients were diagnosed with AIS, while 676 patients without findings consistent with AIS were considered the control group. The predictive performance of the TriAGe + and ABCD scores was evaluated in both groups via logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCIs accounted for 74.3% of all AIS cases. The TriAGe + score demonstrated greater diagnostic accuracy than did the ABCD scores in the ROC analysis among all patients (AUC = 0.979; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.967-0.987). For the diagnosis of AIS in all patients, the TriAGe + score had a cutoff value of > 7, with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 91.3%. In patients without focal weakness or sensory loss, the TriAGe + score remained a strong predictor of AIS, with a cutoff value of 5, yielding a sensitivity of 97.5% and a specificity of 80.9% (AUC = 0.950; 95% CI: 0.932-0.964).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TriAGe + score is useful in the diagnosis of AIS in patients presenting to the ED with VDS complaints. It outperforms ABCD scores in sensitivity and specificity, particularly in cases without focal neurological deficits. Implementing the TriAGE + score may optimize neuroimaging use, reduce healthcare costs, and improve ED efficiency by assisting clinicians in prioritizing high-risk patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance improvers in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: a qualitative study.","authors":"Keivan Babaei, Faezeh Ghesmati, Amir Hossein Nowzari, Afshin Goodarzi","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01281-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01281-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In-hospital cardiac arrest is a critical event, and while cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the primary intervention, human factors significantly influence its quality. Traditional quantitative studies often fail to capture the impact of resuscitation team members' operational and emotional experiences. To address this gap, this qualitative study uses a pragmatist approach to explore the factors that improve the performance of resuscitation team members in emergency departments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative content analysis was conducted in Western Iran from January /2024 to July /2024, to explore factors improving the performance of resuscitation team members. Participants included 25 nurses and physicians from in-hospital resuscitation teams, selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Graneheim and Lundman's systematic approach was employed to analyze the data and uncover latent and manifest content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 34 years (range 24-51 years), and most held a bachelor's degree in nursing (48%). The collected data were categorized into a theme titled \" latent enhancers \" and three main categories with ten subcategories. These categories and subcategories included Perceived beliefs influencing resuscitation (Positive spiritual feedback, mental simulation, and compassion), organizational catalysts (effective leadership, responsive physical space, fertility of motivation, and fruitful education), and psychological improvers (euphoria, pride in competence, and Hope in the shadow of a surprising successful resuscitation).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rescuers' positive beliefs, effective organizational factors, and Psychological improvers were themes extracted from the experiences of rescuers in our study. Holding psychoanalysis sessions with the to create a positive attitude in rescuers towards the outcomes of resuscitation, as well as empowering resuscitation leaders through training leadership skills, considering organizational incentives for resuscitation team members, suitable physical space, and the use of operational training will be an effective and helpful measure in this regard.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world experience with vernakalant in the urgent management of atrial fibrillation: results from the VERITA study.","authors":"Giuseppe Dominijanni, Antonio F Caballero-Bermejo, Álvaro Pineda-Torcuato, Ana Sainz-Herrero, Rosa Capilla-Pueyo, Belén Ruiz-Antorán","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01280-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01280-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia encountered in hospital emergency departments (EDs), with pharmacological cardioversion being an effective strategy for restoring sinus rhythm in hemodynamically stable patients. This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of vernakalant for the conversion of recent-onset AF under real-world clinical practice conditions, as well as to identify predictors of therapeutic response and adverse events. A total of 263 episodes of AF treated with vernakalant between 2012 and 2022 were analyzed. The overall cardioversion rate was 76.4%, with a median time to conversion of 15 minutes. Administration of the drug more than 12 hours after symptom onset was an independent predictor of therapeutic failure (OR: 4.5; 95% CI: 2.2-9.1; p < 0.001). The incidence of adverse events was 15.2%, occurring more frequently in patients with heart failure or when vernakalant was administered more than 24 hours after symptom onset. No deaths were reported. These findings support the effectiveness and safety profile of vernakalant in the ED setting, highlighting the importance of early administration and underlying cardiovascular comorbidities as key factors influencing therapeutic response and the risk of adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of emergency dispatch calls and their changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.","authors":"Gantuya Ganbat, Ayoung Kim, Buyanbilig Namnansuren, Suvd Batbaatar, Ho Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01273-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01273-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12235795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A real-time communication and information system for triage, positioning, and documentation (TriPoD) in mass-casualty incidents: a qualitative observational study.","authors":"Veronica Lindström, Klara Jepsen, Sara Heldring, Torkel Kanfjäll, Monica Rådestad","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01274-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01274-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In mass-casualty incidents (MCIs), command centers often rely on oral or written reports, leading to communication gaps, misunderstandings, and inadequate logistics of available resources. This study developed a real-time communication and information system for Triage, Position, and Documentation (TriPoD) via action research in collaboration with end-users to ensure high usability. TriPoD integrates commercially available technology, utilizing a digital triage tag with a unique ID that attaches to each individual with an injury. Emergency medical service (EMS) providers scan the electronic triage tag (e-triage tag) via a mobile app, instantly sending data to command centers through a web portal. The developed TriPoD enables seamless sharing of patient information from the MCI scene during transport to and within hospitals.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the usability of TriPoD during a simulated MCI with figurants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative observational design was employed, with non-participant observers stationed at the incident site, a regional command center, and a hospital command center. The observers compared TriPoD with standard procedures and management, and collected user perspectives on the system evaluated. A thematic analysis was used to guide the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that command centers receive real-time updates on patient count, triage status, and location faster and with more accurate numbers of injuries than traditional methods do. Data transmitted through the web portal was updated each time a new patient was scanned, enabling continuous real-time monitoring and informed decision-making. EMS providers and command center users observed TriPoD usability, with delays when EMS providers did not consistently scan injured individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that seamless information sharing from the scene of an MCI enhances reliable communication and management efforts. Although TriPoD shows strong potential for improving MCI response and management, further development, testing, and collaboration with intended end-users are essential for its continued improvement. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (No: 2023-04615-01). International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): PRR1- https://doi.org/10.2196/57819 .</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location-based response times of emergency physicians in rural Germany: an observational study.","authors":"Maria Raker, Christian Weilbach, Maximilian Scharonow","doi":"10.1186/s12873-025-01278-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12873-025-01278-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of emergency callouts in Germany has doubled in the last 20 years. The shortage of doctors and social developments have led to challenges in ensuring emergency medical services and to temporary closures of entire emergency medical service areas. Stationing the emergency doctor on duty in the home environment is one option for making emergency medical services more attractive and could help to alleviate the problem of staff scheduling.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The response times of emergency physicians stationed in their home environment were compared with those of emergency doctors stationed at hospitals or rescue stations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The response intervals and arrival times at the patient's location were statistically analyzed depending on the physician's location and distance from the rescue station. A support vehicle was used to reduce response times. The emergency physician met the full-time emergency vehicle at predefined points depending on the direction of the call.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response interval from the emergency station was 2.2 ± 1.0 min, from the hospital 3.1 ± 1.2 min and from the home environment 3.8 ± 1.6 min (p < 0.0001/Kruskal-Wallis test). In terms of the time taken to reach the patient, there was a significant advantage (p < 0.0001/Kruskal-Wallis test) in the group of call-outs from the rescue station (8,6 ± 3,9 min min. 2 and max. 23 min) compared to call-outs from the hospital (10.0 ± 4.4 min; min. 2 and max. 31 min) and the home environment (10.2 ± 4.2; min. 2 max. 33 min), with the difference between the hospital and the home environment not being significant at p = 0.256 (Kruskal-Wallis test). The actual distance of the emergency physician from the rescue station provides the best results for modeling response interval and showed no significant difference compared to being stationed at the hospital in terms of time to arrival at the scene for distances less than 3 km (p < 0.0001/Kruskal-Wallis test).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stationing the emergency doctor in a domestic environment with a support vehicle and establishing fixed meeting points with the full-time emergency vehicle shows no disadvantage compared to stationing the emergency doctor in the hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":9002,"journal":{"name":"BMC Emergency Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}