Journal of clinical & experimental pathology最新文献

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LIGHTING REGIMEN ON THE MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEURONS IN THE PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEI OF THE RAT HYPOTHALAMUS","authors":"R.E. Bulik, O. V. Smetanyuk, K. Vlasova, M. I. Krivchanska","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.2","url":null,"abstract":"Paraventricular nuclei (PVN) of the hypothalamus are the autonomic center forcoordination of functions and consists of a number of neuronal populations - sub-nuclei,which differ in structural and functional features and the nature of nerve connectionswith various parts of the nervous and neuroendocrine systems. When studying stressreactions and actions of the stress-limiting factors, it is important to study subpopulationsof PVN neurons of the hypothalamus, synthesizing stress-releasing hormones, whichinitiate stress reactions of the body. One of the main factors that show a pronouncedeffect in the regulation of ACTH secretion is corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). TheCRF-immunoreactive tracer was found mainly in the medial small-cell subnucleus of theparaventricular nuclei of the rat hypothalamus. Despite deep and comprehensive studiesof the hypothalamus, until now there are no unifed ideas about its individual reactivityand the degree of involvement of these structures into the stress reaction caused by theprolonged change in the lighting regime.Purpose - to fnd out the effect of different illumination regimes on the morphometriccharacteristics of the medial small-cell subnuclei of the paraventricular nuclei of thehypothalamus of mature and old rats.Material and methods. The experiments were conducted on 72 nonlinear white malerats, divided into 6 series of studies, in each of which the biomaterial sampling wascarried out at 14.00 and 02.00 h using morphometric and statistical research methods.Results. Morphometric assessment of the medial small-cell sub-nuclei of theparaventricular nuclei (msPVN) of the hypothalamus of rats revealed the diurnaldynamics of indices. It has been established that in both old and mature rats, theiraverage volume (p <0.05) signifcantly decreases at 2.00 compared to 14.00 undernormal lighting. The nuclear-cytoplasmatic ratio at 02.00 increases in comparison with14.00 respectively.When the animals were kept under constant illumination, more pronounced changesin the structures under study were established. In particular, the volume of neurons inthe msPVN of the hypothalamus decreases both mature and old rats compared withrats under standard illumination and even more in comparison with rats under lightdeprivation. In accordance with this, the NCR also changes. The average number ofneurons on the standard plane of the histological section also decreases in comparisonwith other illumination regimes. It is also necessary to point out that under conditionsof light stimulation in mature rats in msPVN, the average volume of neurons (p <0.05)noticeably decreases at 02:00 in comparison with 14:00, when the volume of theirnuclei does not change on average during the indicated study periods. This is reflected,respectively, in the NCR change, which increases at 02.00 in comparison with 14.00.As to the old rats, the average neuron volume does not decrease at 2.00 in comparisonwith 14.00 in msPVN neurons at light stimulation, as well ","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION, MICROSCOPIC INDICES OF URINARY TRACT MICROBIOTA IN MEN WITH CALCULUS PYELONEPHRITIS","authors":"L. Sydorchuk, А.О. Mikheev, R. Sydorchuk, V. Dzhuryak, I. Sydorchuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study – to investigate the taxonomic composition, qualitativemicroecological indicators (index of constancy, frequency of occurrence, indices of speciesrichness of Margalef, species diversity of Whittaker and species dominance of Simpsonand Berger-Parker) and the immunosuppressive effect of causative agents of calculouspyelonephritis on the activity of the complement system, lysozyme and inhibition of themain immunoglobulin classes (IgM, IgA).Material and methods. Microbiological (bacteriological and mycological) urineexamination was carried out in 30 men aged 37-65 years (48.81 ± 4.27 years), patientswith calculous pyelonephritis. The ecological method was used to reveal the mechanismsof colonization of the biotope by microbiota. The adhesive properties were studied onnative human erythrocytes of group I (0I). Anti-immunoglobulin activity was studied bythe method described in the work of I.S. Gaidash, etc.Results. Out of 30 samples of the research material, 34 strains of opportunistic gramnegative and gram-positive bacteria were isolated and identifed. The majority (86.67%)had a monoculture of enterobacteria, enterococci, associations consisting of two taxonswere found in 13.33% of patients. It has been shown that 97.06% of isolated and identifedstrains from the urinary tract exhibit adhesive activity of varying degrees of activity. Onestrain of S. saprophyticus also exhibits adhesive activity (the average adhesion index is1.83 ± 0.09), which is considered as a non-adhesive strain. All strains of enterobacteriaand gram-positive cocci that persist on the mucous membrane of the urinary tract ofmen with infectious and inflammatory processes of the urinary tract with calculouspyelonephritis inhibit (P <0.05) immunoglobulins of class A (IgA).Conclusions. The infectious and inflammatory process on the mucous membranes of theurinary tract in men with calculous pyelonephritis is caused by facultative anaerobicgram-negative enterobacteria and gram-positive cocci. The presence of an infectious andinflammatory process is confrmed by an acceleration of the erythrocyte sedimentationrate by 76.67% and other clinical and laboratory studies. Pathogenicity factors arerevealed in isolated and identifed opportunistic taxons, that determine the initial stagesof the infectious and inflammatory process (cytoadhesion and colonization of the urinarytract mucosa), inhibit the functional activity of class A and M of immunoglobulins.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"1991 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82359429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF DYMAMICS OF THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF THE THYROID GLAND DISEASES IN UKRAINE AND CHERNIVTSI REGION","authors":"І.І. Kamyshna, L. B. Pavlovich, V. Maslyanko, Zhanetta A Chornenka","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective – to assess the dynamics of the prevalence and incidence of the thyroid diseaseamong the adult population of Ukraine and Chernivtsi region during 2015-2020.Material and methods. A comparative analysis of official accounting and reportingstatistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and the main indicators of the endocrinologyservice of Chernivtsi region on the prevalence and incidence of adult pathology of thethyroid gland over the past 5 years.Results. In Ukraine, the number of pathologies of the thyroid gland has increased,accounting for 48% of the total incidence of endocrine diseases. The most commonpathology is diffuse and nodular goitres. Their level in the western region, includingChernivtsi region, is higher than the national average. In Ukraine the incidence ofhypothyroidism has increased 20.3% for 5 years. Thyrotoxicosis increased 9.1%, andthe prevalence of thyroiditis increased 16.8%. The increase in the Chernivtsi region wasslightly lower. The high frequency of thyroid pathologies depends on the imbalance oftrace elements and vitamins in the diet against a background of iodine deficiency in thediet, environmental degradation and insufficient preventive measures.Conclusions. The analysis shows that in the western regions of Ukraine it is necessaryto apply a differentiated approach to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of patientswith various thyroid diseases.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79261715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISORDER OF SPERMATOGENESIS UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE","authors":"S.I. Ukraіnska, O.M. Kaluynikova, T. V. Blashkiv","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - to estimate the disorder of spermatogenesis under conditions of experimentalchronic kidney disease (EChD).Material and methods. The study was carried out in two series of experiments on malemice with EChD, the model of which was created by immunizing animals with a kidneyhomogenate. The first series of experiments was devoted to the study of: sperm count(sperm concentration (mln / ml)) and the number of abnormal sperm forms; the ratio ofcells of different generations of spermatogenic epithelium (%) in the testes; pathways ofcell death of cells of the testes and epididymis (spermatocytes (primary) and spermatozoa).The fertile qualities of males were assessed in the second series of experiments, afterreplanting them to intact females. Pre- and post-implantation embryonic mortality andthe number of living fetuses per female mouse have been investigated. The research resultswere compared with the performance of animals in the control groups for each series.Results. No significant changes in the number of spermatozoa were found under EChDconditions (p> 0.05). An increase in the number of abnormal spermatozoa (22%) andthose with primary abnormalities (p <0.05) was found. Among the generations of testescells, a decrease in the number of spermatids and living spermatocytes (primary) (15%)was established, with an increase in the number of cells with apoptosis and necrosisamong them (p <0.05). The number of living cells of the epididymis (spermatozoa) alsodecreased (17.8%), with the growth of cells with apoptosis and necrosis among them (p<0.05). There was an increase in the pre- and post-implantation mortality of embryos (p<0.05); decrease in the number of living fetuses (p <0.05).Conclusions. Under conditions of four-time treatment with renal homogenate (EChD)there is a disorder of spermatogenesis in male mice. Experimental model of kidneydamage, proposed by us, can be useful for studying other aspects and consequences ofkidney pathology, and both for establishment of the features and detection of possiblepathogenetic links in the development of spermatogenesis disorder under conditions ofchronic kidney disease and search of the effective ways to correct it in future.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74548421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT AND METHODS OF EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS OF GROUPS UNDER RESEARCH","authors":"A. Bambuliak, N. Kuzniak, R. Dmytrenko, L. Lopushniak, O. Boichuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.3.77.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the active ability to repair, it is frequently noticed that the independent potentialof bone tissue is insufficient, that is a serious problem in reconstructive maxillofacialsurgery, orthopedics and traumatology. In recent years, there has been an activesearch for implant material that would match the autologous bone in its properties andcharacteristics. Tissue engineering technologies allow to create tissue equivalents tobone tissue using autogenous stromal cells deposited on biocompatible or biologicalmaterial of tissue engineering design. The article presents the features of preoperativemanagement, description of the used examination methods and bone augmentationmaterials in patients of the groups under study.Objective – to use a set of adequate methods of examination and optimal preoperativemanagement of patients of the group under study during sinus lifting, post-extractionsocket preservation, osteosynthesis for mandibular fractures and impacted wisdom teethextraction, which were accompanied by the use of bone augmentation materials based onmultipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.Material and methods. 280 people aged 18 to 55 with partial or complete adentiaand atrophy of the alveolar process of the jaws, with chronic periodontium infectionand chronic generalized periodontitis, with fractures and impacted third molars wereexamined in the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of theChernivtsi Regional Clinical Hospital. All patients were planned to make orthopedicstructures based on dental implants.Results. The use of computed tomography in preoperative examination of patients in thestudied group allows not only visually to examine the object, but also to perform directdensitometric analysis with measurement of attenuation coefficients in Hounsfield units,that is a significant advantage over X-ray examination.Conclusions. The use of bone augmentation materials based on multipotent mesenchymalstromal cells of adipose tissue during dental operations improves the regenerativeproperties of bone tissue and helps to reduce the duration of inpatient treatment.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"496 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73428222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF HORMONAL FUNCTION IMPAIREMENT OF THE PLACENTA ON THE STATE OF FETUS AND NEWBORN IN WOMEN WITH NODULAR GOITER","authors":"S.E. Kosilova","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"The thyroid gland pathology is one of the most common in the world and is on the samelevel with diabetes mellitus and diseases of the cardiovascular system in its importance.Extragenital pathology, in particular, nodular goiter in pregnant women acts as anadditional stress factor that can negatively affect hormonal relationships in the motherplacenta-fetus system and contribute to an increase in the frequency of complications ofpregnancy, childbirth, and impairment of the fetus and newborn condition.The aim of this work – to study the disturbance effect in the hormonal function of theplacenta on the condition of the fetus and newborn from women with nodular goiter.Material and methods. The analysis of the state of the fetus and newborn of 20 apparentlyhealthy women (control group) and 54 women with nodular goiter (main group). Of these,30 newborns from women with grade I nodular goiter were included into group I, and24 newborns from women with grade II nodular goiter were included into group II. Theintrauterine fetus state was judged about according to the data of cardiotocography, fetalbiophysical profile (FBP), ultrasound examination, and Doppler results. The functionalstate of the fetoplacental complex was assessed by determining the serum concentrationof estradiol (Е2), estriol Е3), progesterone, placental lactogen, as well as the results ofhistological examination of the placentas.Results. The study of the placenta hormonal function, the results of ultrasound diagnosticsand histological examination of the placentas indicate the presence of placentaldysfunction in pregnant women with nodular goiter, that affected the condition of thefetus and newborn. Thus, the cardiotocographic index in fetuses from pregnant women,suffering from nodular goiter, is significantly less than in healthy pregnant women(p<0.05). The average PPI score in women with nodular goiter is also significantly lowerthan in the control group (p<0.05). Doppler data indicate a change in the parameters of the maternal hemodynamics, that led to a violation of the uteroplacental blood flow, thedevelopment of fetal hypoxia.Conclusions. The presence of nodular goiter in the mother is a risk factor for placentaldysfunction. Starting from the second trimester of pregnancy, there are significant changesin the content of placental hormones in the blood. A decrease in the concentration ofprogesterone in the blood serum in pregnant women with nodular goiter, in the latestages of pregnancy, can serve as a marker of the threat of termination of pregnancyand premature birth. A decrease in the content of estradiol and placental lactogen inthe maternal blood serum can be used as a marker of fetal distress in pregnant womenwith nodular goiter. The condition of the fetus and newborn is in direct proportion to thedegree of manifestation of the nodular goiter and the functional state of the placenta.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77383566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PECULIARITIES OF THE COMBINED COURSE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE (LITERATURE REVIEW)","authors":"Т.О. Ilashchuk, O.P. Mykytyuk, Y.V. Chobanu","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.14","url":null,"abstract":"The aim – to analyze the literature data sources concerning the peculiarities of thecombined course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronaryheart disease (CHD), taking into account the endothelial dysfunction of systemicinflammation and oxidative stress.Conclusions. The main mechanisms involved in the progression of the combinedcourse of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary heart disease are theendothelial dysfunction, the systemic inflammation and desynchronosis. The pleiotropiceffects and diverce molecular interactions of sirtuins have distinct physiological effects,such as preventing the development and progression of emphysema in COPD and avoiding the progression of myocardical hypertrophy and heart failure. The researchof intermolecular interactions with the help of Sirtuin is a promising area for findingnew effective diagnostic and prognostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for COPDand CVD.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79636741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF PERFORMING ORGAN-SAVING AMPUTATION OF THE FOOT COMBINED WITH OZONE THERAPY, LOCAL APPLICATION OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET-RICH PLASMA AND VACUUM SANATION OF POSTOPERATIVE WOUND IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC-GANGRENOUS FORM OF DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROM","authors":"V. D. Fundiur, V. Grodetskyi, S. Yakobchuk, O. Khomko, I. Kozlovska, Yu. V. Fundiur, O. V. Fundiur","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"A positive result of treatment of patients suffering from ischemic-gangrenous form ofdiabetic foot syndrome (DFS) becomes possible with an optimal choice of surgery,effective renewal of blood supply and active stimulation of tissue restoration processon the cellular level.Objective – to study efficiency of the suggested organ-saving variant of surgery combinedwith the use of a complex of auxiliary factors of a reparative process activation in thewound including regional ozone therapy, vacuum sanitation and local application ofautologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP).Material and methods. The treatment of 210 patients with ischemic-gangrenous formof diabetic foot syndrome was carried out from 2017 to 2020. The efficiency of one ofthe variants of organ-saving operative intervention was studied. In the control group -104 (49.52%), the treatment was carried out in accordance with the standard scheme.In the main group (106 patients - 50.47%), in addition to the standard scheme, regionalozone therapy, vacuum sanitation and local application of autologous-rich plasma(PRP) were carried out.Results. These measures reduced the period of treatment of patients in the hospital to24 ± 1.2 days in the main group compared to 37 ± 2, 4 in the control one. 2 years later, patients of the main group confirmed the formation of a foot stumpfunctionally adapted for walking with angular dislocation of fragments of the cuboidand scaphoid bones.Conclusions. The suggested modification of the organ-saving and partial foot amputationin patients with IV degree of ischemia and DFS is indicative of a possibility to performsuch kind of surgery as a variant of choice for patients with ischemic-gangrenousform of diabetic foot syndrome. The complex of auxiliary measures (regional ozonetherapy, vacuum sanitation and local administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma(APRP)), activates a reparative process of healing of a chronic foot wound whichenables to make the period of hospital staying for patients shorter – to 24±1,2 days inthe main group as compared to 37±2,4 days in the control one. Clinical observation ofa remote postoperative period (2 years later) confirms a possibility to form a foot stumpfunctionally adapted for walking with angular dislocation of fragments of the cuboidand scaphoid bones, functionally advantageous for supporting load.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88458284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BRAIN STRUCTURES OF RATS UNDER CONDITIONS OF MODEL TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY","authors":"S. Semenenko","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) were created to study themorpho-functional features of the disease and to fill the therapeutic window betweenpreclinical trials and the introduction of drugs into the clinical medical practice.The aim of the work – to study the morphological changes in the brain structures ofrats under conditions of model TBI.Material and methods. The experiments were performed on white male rats weighing160-190 g. The experimental model of TBI in rats under conditions of propofolanesthesia (60 mg/kg) was caused by the action of a stream of carbon dioxide underpressure, which was created using a gas cylinder air gun. For histological examination,the brain was fixed with 10% neutral formalin, dehydrated in alcohols in increasingconcentrations, and immersed in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylinand eosin, toluidine blue. The microscopy of histological specimens was performedusing a light microscope OLIMPUS BX 41 using magnifications of 40, 100, 200 and400 times. The morphological research studied the structural changes of neurons inthe sensorimotor zone of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampal structures of the CA1zone and the condition of blood vessels in two groups of animals: Group II - rats withsimulated trauma.Results. In animals with model TBI, there was a predominance of the number ofdegenerating pyramidal neurons over those preserved in the sensorimotor zone ofthe cortex of the large hemispheres and in the CA1 zone of the hippocampus. In thesensorimotor zone of the cortex of the large hemispheres, the death of neurons wasmanifested by morphological signs of karyopyknosis, karyorexis and cytopicnosiswith the phenomena of cytolysis. Only single preserved neurons were visualized in thepyramidal layer; most cells are represented by pyknotic cells; 3) in the hippocampusof animals with TBI, the cytolytic type of nerve cell death was mainly observed. Themorphological signs of cytolysis indicate deep damage to all neurocyte structures.Conclusions. The morphological basis of the remodeling of brain structures in traumaticbrain injury is: reduction in the number of normochromic neurons in experimentalanimals, formation of a significant number of hypochromic neurons, formation ofhyperchromic neurons with pronounced signs of tigrolysis, hemodynamic disorderswith pericellular and perivascular edema.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87032183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOMICROSCOPY OF THE CAPILLARY FLOW - INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS DIAGNOSTICS","authors":"Y. Nechytailo, I.O. Yukhimets, О.Yu. Nechytailo, B. Mabrouk, Т.М. Micheeva, D. Nechytailo","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.xx.2.76.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"The goal – to evaluate the features and diagnostic value of the capillary bedbiomicroscopy results in various pathological conditions.Material and methods. The paper presents data on microcirculation study in patientsof various ages (adults and children) with different somatic pathologies (with diabetesmellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic gastroduodenitis, acute bronchitis) comparedwith healthy persons. The state of microcirculation was recorded using a digital USBmicroscope and evaluated by qualitative and semi quantitative assessment.Results. In patients with diabetes, the most changes in the form of capillariesand venules microaneurism, reduction of the functioning vessels number, slowingblood flow, decrease of arteriolo-venular coefficient were registered. In arterialhypertension, the signs of an increase in peripheral resistance were dominated, andin inflammatory diseases of the gastroduodenal zone and during bronchitis there wasa slowing of blood flow in arterioles and capillaries, an increase in the vascularity ofarterioles and the erythrocytes adhesion inside vessels.Conclusions. Biomicroscopy is simple and informative method for studyingmicrocirculation both chronic and acute diseases, the volume and nature of violationspredominantly depends on the type of pathology, its severity and duration.","PeriodicalId":89801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental pathology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78415884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}