Journal of cancer research updates最新文献

{"title":"Cancer: Evidence Consistent with Epigenetic Carcinogenesis","authors":"P. Riley","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.06","url":null,"abstract":"This brief review outlines the accumulated evidence which favours a mechanism of cancer generation that is dependent on defective vertical transmission of the pattern of epigenetic control of genetic expression. This model is based on the initiating lesion involving the process that copies the epigenetic features when stem cells undergo mitosis.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46297888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ascorbic Acid in Combination with Chemotherapeutic Agents for Cancer","authors":"Michael J. González, J. Miranda-Massari, J. Duconge, Miguel J. Berdiel, J. Olalde","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.03","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer accounts for nearly one-quarter of deaths in the United States. The life expectancy after standard treatment for these patients is dismal. New treatment modalities should be considered and evaluated. Ascorbic Acid (AA, Vitamin C) is a relatively low cost and safe nutrient even when given at very high doses (intravenous) that could be a very relevant co-adjuvant in cancer treatment. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown benefit of using high dose intravenous vitamin C as adjuvant therapy in cancer patients. There is significant supporting evidence of the benefits of the use vitamin C with chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43951944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potent Regulatory Role of Circular RNAs in Breast Cancer Development, Diagnosis and Treatment: An Update","authors":"H. Mozdarani, Zainab Kouchak Mashkdouz","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.04","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most frequent malignant diseases among women worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) as a novel class of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), display unique features due to their specific circular configuration. One of the important roles of CircRNAs is the regulation of gene expression via different mechanisms, including sponging microRNAs and proteins. Moreover, evidence indicates that circRNAs act as key regulators in the initiation and progression of BC. Currently, many circRNAs have been reported to be associated with different biological processes of BC, such as cell division, migration, invasion, and programmed cell death. The aim of this review was to provide a concise overview of the biogenesis and roles of circRNAs and track the related knowledge in BC development, diagnoses and treatment.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43682799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of 5' Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in the Chemo-Sensitivity and Metabolic Behaviour of Breast Cancer Cells Exposed to Hypoxia and Hyperglycaemia","authors":"A. A. Al Qahtani, J. Holly, C. Perks","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key enzyme for maintaining energy homeostasis in the cell and is associated with many downstream targets of metabolic processes such as mTORC1, p53 and fatty acid synthase (FASN) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2). \u0000Aim: To investigate the interactions between AMPK, FASN and IGFBP-2 and how the activity of AMPK affects the metabolism and response of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy with changes in oxygenation and under different glucose concentrations. \u0000Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cells were exposed to different glucose levels (5mM and 25mM) in the presence or absence of doxorubicin under normoxic and hypoxic conditions with and without AMPK silenced using siRNA. Changes in protein abundance were monitored using Western Immunoblotting. Cell death was measured by the Muse® Cell Analyser using a count and viability assay. Hypoxia was chemically induced using cobalt chloride or with low levels of oxygen (2%). Lactate and citrate levels were measured using commercially available kits. \u0000Results: In normoxic conditions, AMPK activity was higher in normal levels of glucose (5mM) compared with high levels of glucose (25mM). Under hypoxic conditions, AMPK phosphorylation remained high in 5mM glucose with levels in 25 mM glucose being equivalent. Upregulation of AMPK in normoxic and hypoxic conditions was associated with a reduction in FASN and IGFBP-2, which resulted in a better response to chemotherapy. Moreover, the cells increased the production of lactate and reduced production of citrate under normoxic conditions in 25mM glucose compared to 5mM glucose. Silencing AMPK under normoxic conditions or inducing hypoxia promoted a more glycogenic phenotype. However, silencing AMPK under hypoxic conditions reduced levels of lactate comparable to normoxic levels. The citrate profile was unaffected by silencing AMPK or altering levels of oxygen. \u0000Conclusions: AMPK plays an important role in regulating metabolic signalling and this alters the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45213234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathologic Dissociation in Dermat[onc]ology – and Beyond","authors":"G. Capella","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2022.11.01","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of clinicopathologic dissociation is a neglected one in medicine. It refers to the unexpected, complete absence of concordance between the clinical picture and the underlying histopathologic finding. The recognition of such a phenomenon generally implies radically different treatment and follow-up choices. A rare phenomenon, it can however be encountered, especially in the field of dermatoncology and dermatology at large. It should be kept separate from clinicopathologic discordance or discrepancy, the term used by surgical pathologists to indicate the lack of expected molecular markers or to the presence of unexpected ones in the face of a given morphological diagnosis, albeit overlaps occur. More generally, the concept of clinicopathologic dissociation can be applied when a given clinical manifestation appears completely unrelated to the underlying objectively tracked primary disease. Examples are provided, and educational, ethical and medicolegal implications are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47108455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances of the Nanotechnology in Targeted Nanomedicines for Treatment of Bone Cancers and Diseases","authors":"F. Mitri","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.05","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-evolving field of nanotechnology has been applied over the years as an amazing potential tool in bone disorders through the development of targeted drug nanosystems. Bone diseases can be referred as any bone condition able to cause morbidity or even mortality to the host. Osteosarcoma has been most investigated condition for management and treatment by nanomedicine, and several nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanospheres, nanodiamonds are being used for drug delivery. Likewise, other bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, bone tuberculosis have received nanotherapy with a large rate of success. The nanomedicine seems to make up a targeting lack by conventional therapy and chemotherapy, besides appointing to a trend of conservative clinical treatment, especially for severe disorders. Additionally, nanomedicine has advanced over the years, therefore, there is a strong need to accelerate its application in bone diseases reducing the mortality rate related to these conditions. This review article provides an overview on the advances of nanotechnology over the last two decades and highlights the pathways of investigations for targeted delivery nanoensembles.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42357871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Biological Role of Cervical Cancer Suppressor 3 (CCS-3): Literature Review","authors":"L. Cristiano","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.06","url":null,"abstract":"CCS-3 is one of the isoforms of eEF1A1, the key protein of the translation elongation step. Discovered in 2006, it has been the subject of some studies on human cervical cancer cell lines and cervical cancer samples. These studies brought to identify its probable role as a transcriptional co-repressor but other functions are currently unknown. It has also been shown that it is able to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in the tumor cells that downregulate it. Further studies could highlight its functions and its possible usefulness as a tumor marker. This review aims to brief the research about CCS-3 that has been carried out so far.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45817122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"43 Natural Anticancer Products: Classified under the Cancer Hallmarks and the Available Evidence of their Anticancer Activities","authors":"D. McKee, Mamoona S. Lodhi","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.08","url":null,"abstract":"About 60% of chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of cancer diseases today have been derived from natural products. While some of these agents are identical to the natural molecules found in plants; the others are semisynthetic derivative of the foundational molecule found naturally in the raw sources. Cancers have been reported to express 10 specific hallmark which are used as the key points or steps for targeted therapy against these cancers. Extending the number of these hallmarks to 12 this review article throws light on 43 natural products classifying them according to their target of action. Further, the natural products under consideration are categorized according to the level of evidence present for their anticancer activities.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42607110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"42 Natural Anticancer Products: Classified under the Cancer Hallmarks and the Available Evidence of their Anticancer Activities","authors":"D. McKee, Mamoona S. Lodhi","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.07","url":null,"abstract":"About 60% of chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of cancer diseases today have been derived from natural products. While some of these agents are identical to the natural molecules found in plants; the others are semisynthetic derivative of the foundational molecule found naturally in the raw sources. Cancers have been reported to express 10 specific hallmark which are used as the key points or steps for targeted therapy against these cancers. Extending the number of these hallmarks to 12 this review article throws light on 44 natural products classifying them according to their target of action. Further, the natural products under consideration are categorized according to the level of evidence present for their anticancer activities.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42315228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy of Two Simultaneous Neoplasms - Cervical Carcinoma and Breast Carcinoma: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature","authors":"L. Marinova, V. Petrov, Vaska Vassileva","doi":"10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30683/1929-2279.2021.10.03","url":null,"abstract":": Concomitant expression of two neoplasms- cervical carcinoma (CC) and breast carcinoma (BC) is a relatively rare pathology. The manifestation of synchronous primary neoplasms is a challenge for the treating team as it puts a number of questions about the healing strategy. We present a 57-year-old patient after total laparohisterectomy with lymphatic pelvic dissection on the local advanced CC/IIIB clinical stage. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the small pelvis and the upper 2/3 of the vaginal cuff with daily dose (DD) 1.8 Gy up to total dose (TD) 50.4 Gy combined with Cisplatin (50 mg/m 2 ) once a week, was conducted. After 4 months from the diagnosis and complex treatment of CC, PET/CT establishes a second neoplasm-invasive ductal carcinoma in the left mammary gland. After the breast-conserving surgery of BC, we are currently conducting Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold (DIBH) Radiation Technique on the left breast with DD 2 Gy up to TD 50 Gy. After 1 month of pelvic RT completion, RT on the paraaortal lymph nodes with DD 1.8 Gy up to TD 50 Gy should be conducted. The discussion focuses on the simultaneous expression of two or more neoplasms, their relationship with genetic and other unfavorable predisposing factors, as well as the expected survival after the complex treatment of the two invasive carcinomas, involving IMRT. For the treatment of multiple malignancies, each case must be considered individually, ideally by a multidisciplinary team. If it is necessary to apply radiotherapy, the use of high-tech radiotherapeutic apparatus with the ability to perform modern radiotherapy techniques such as IMRT is required.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43504290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}