Journal of cancer research updates最新文献_第10页

Recent Advances in Cancer Vaccines - An Update 癌症疫苗的最新进展

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.3

S. Selvarajan, M. George, S. S. Kumar, S. Dkhar

{"title":"Recent Advances in Cancer Vaccines - An Update","authors":"S. Selvarajan, M. George, S. S. Kumar, S. Dkhar","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer related deaths have shown a progressive increase over the past decade and the newer cases of cancers are estimated to rise in 2030. The current treatment modalities available for cancer are highly toxic, impair quality of life and develop resistance with course of time. Thus, there is a growing necessity for the prevention and cure of cancer related morbidity and mortality. One of the promising approaches for cancer prevention could be immunization with specific vaccines. The latest advances in immunology have led to the development of effective cancer vaccines to enhance immunity against tumour cells. Moreover, the occurrence of cancer with infectious agents like Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human Papilloma virus (HPV) as well as their prevention with specific cancer vaccines has further confirmed the role of immunotherapy in cancer. Though prophylactic vaccines are found to be more successful in cancer prevention, in the present scenario most of the vaccines under development are therapeutic cancer vaccines. Cancer vaccines stimulate the immune system and attack specific cancer cells without harming the normal cells. The major cancer vaccines under development to target tumour cells includes antigen vaccines, whole cell tumour vaccines, dendritic cell vaccine, viral vectors, DNA vaccines and idiotype vaccines. Apart from this, measures to produce patient-specific cancer vaccines from patients own tumour cells and a \"universal\" vaccine to provide immunity against cancer cells of any origin are being investigated. Hence this review gives an overview of various strategies involved in the development of cancer vaccines and the currently approved vaccines available for the prevention of cancer.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Dual Role Played by p21 May Influence the Apoptotic or Anti-Apoptotic Fate in Cancer p21的双重作用可能影响肿瘤细胞的凋亡或抗凋亡命运

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.5

M. Piccolo, S. Crispi

{"title":"The Dual Role Played by p21 May Influence the Apoptotic or Anti-Apoptotic Fate in Cancer","authors":"M. Piccolo, S. Crispi","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.5","url":null,"abstract":"p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that is activated in response to different stress stimuli and could act as cell cycle suppressor. p21 can bind and inhibit cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclin complexes to mediate growth arrest in G1 and G2 phases. This condition enables DNA repair and suggests that p21 could have a role of tumour suppressor. p21 is one of the transcriptional targets of p53, a protein up-regulated after cellular stress stimuli. Besides the classical p53-dependent activation, p21 transcription can be achieved by other regulators as Sp1, STAT and AP2 in a p53-independent manner. Depending on cell type and cellular conditions p21 can have anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic functions being involved either in tumourigenesis or in tumour suppression. The function exerted is based on subcellular localization. In the nucleus p21 inhibits proliferation by blocking the cyclin dependent kinases while in the cytoplasm it acts inhibiting pro-apoptotic protein determining cell death inhibition. The different subcellular localization is related to different prognostic role of p21 in cancer and the cellular context in which it is expressed determines if it can be considered as a specific therapeutic target or as a marker of poor prognosis. This review focuses on the recent understanding of the functions of p21 with particular attention to the dual role detected in cancer where p21 can act as tumour suppressor promoting apoptosis or as oncogene preventing it.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":"189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

Strategies of Targeting Tumors and Cancers 靶向肿瘤和癌症的策略

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.19

R. Saini, R. Chouhan, L. Bagri, A. Bajpai

引用次数: 33

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis with Displaced IUCD 腹膜癌伴宫内节育器移位

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.8

P. Deka, A. Kataki, D. Barmon, B. Borthakur, S. Shrivastava

{"title":"Peritoneal Carcinomatosis with Displaced IUCD","authors":"P. Deka, A. Kataki, D. Barmon, B. Borthakur, S. Shrivastava","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.8","url":null,"abstract":"Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) has been widely used as a safe, economic, effective and reversible method of contraception. IUCDs are generally well accepted with good compliance but complications sometime occur. Uterine perforation is a rare complication with an incidence of one in 1000 procedures. Whether a displaced IUCD in the peritoneum can lead to carcinogenesis is a matter of debate. We report a case of peritoneal carcinomatosis with displaced Lippes loop. A 70 year female with ascites who was diagnosed as peritoneal carcinomatosis and administered two cycle of chemotherapy presented to this institution for further management. She was evaluated, administered four more cycles of chemotherapy and taken for exploratory laparotomy. At laparotomy a Lippes loop was found adherent to the colon and omentum. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy, total omentectomy and transverse colon resection with end to end anastomosis was done. Post operative histopathology showed adenocarcinoma in colon and omentum located around the loop. Uterus, ovaries and rest of the bowel were free of disease. She received two more cycles of chemotherapy after operation. She has completed follow up of 6 weeks after completion of treatment with clinically no evidence of disease.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":"221-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs): Clinical Significance in Cancer Treatment Research 凋亡蛋白抑制剂在癌症治疗研究中的临床意义

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.7

K. Tewari, S. Dhaneshwar

引用次数: 4

Second Look Proactive Surgery for Colon Cancer with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis 第二阶段前瞻性手术治疗结肠癌伴腹膜癌

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.9

Halkia Evgenia, S. John, S. Paul

引用次数: 0

A Review on EZH2 and its Epigenetic Association with Breast Cancer EZH2及其与乳腺癌表观遗传关系的研究进展

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.2

Sandip K. Mishra, K. Kanchan, D. Bhargava

{"title":"A Review on EZH2 and its Epigenetic Association with Breast Cancer","authors":"Sandip K. Mishra, K. Kanchan, D. Bhargava","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.2","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancer of zeste homolog2 (EZH2), first identified as homolog of the Drosophila enhancer of zeste gene, is histone H3 lysine methyltransferase (H3K27me3), a component of polycomb group proteins (PRC2) that represses the gene expression by modifying the histones epigenetically, thereby silencing developmental regulatory elements in stem as well as cancer cells leading to repression of early differentiation marker genes. Although the mechanistic approach of involving EZH2 to cancer progression has not yet been clearly deciphered, its invasiveness and metastatic potential has been revealed by significant elevation of its expression in normal breast cancer cells after commencement of which a pre-cancerous state was found in morphologically normal breast cancer cells. The tissue microarray analysis of breast carcinomas has shown that EZH2 to be intimately associated with markers of tumor cell proliferation as well as with aggressive diseases. Till now, no demethylating agents have been recommended for treatment of patients, but an in-vitro study using 3-deazaneplanocin, which reduces histone modifications through methylation by reducing the levels of EZH2, has shown a significant reduction in cell proliferation in breast cancer cells. This further signifies the role of EZH2 as a transcriptional repressor. By analyzing methylation profiles of different subtypes of breast cancers like basal-like, luminal A & B, roles of EZH2 have been established in the development of breast cancers. Crosstalk of EZH2 with other silencing/regulating factors like histone deacetylases and miRNAs, have to be considered for evaluating for progression of cell proliferation in different cancer cells including breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":"162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biological Efficacy of a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine in a Patient with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer 树突状细胞疫苗在转移性结直肠癌患者中的生物学效力

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.18

M. M. Soldevilla, S. Inogés, A. Cerio, F. Pastor, H. Villanueva, M. Bendandi

{"title":"Biological Efficacy of a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine in a Patient with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer","authors":"M. M. Soldevilla, S. Inogés, A. Cerio, F. Pastor, H. Villanueva, M. Bendandi","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.18","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer is a serious health problem affecting de novo more than one million people every year in the developed world. Despite recent advances in the development of novel therapeutic agents, metastatic colorectal cancer remains mostly incurable and its survival rates ominous even when patients respond to the most advanced treatments. Here, we describe a case in which a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer and high risk of relapse remains disease-free while being treated solely with twelve doses of autologous dendritic cells vaccines pulsed with autologous tumor lysate. A sustained, specific immune response elicited by vaccination has also been documented. Prior to receiving this experimental treatment, the patient had undergone both tumor resections and chemotherapy treatments six times, invariably relapsing/progressing within a year from each resection. We believe that the use of autologous vaccines consisting in dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysate should be further investigate in human clinical trials, particularly in patients with minimal tumor burden and high risk of relapse. We also believe that this type of immunotherapy is more likely to be successful when used as an early rather than merely compassionate treatment option, given the fact that the more toxicity the immune system has received from previous approaches, the less it will be able to respond to tumor vaccination.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of p63 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and its Diagnostic Significance: A Meta-Analysis p63在肺鳞癌中的表达及其诊断意义:一项荟萃分析

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-12-31 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.10

Bibo Wang, Yiping Han, J. Zang

{"title":"Expression of p63 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and its Diagnostic Significance: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Bibo Wang, Yiping Han, J. Zang","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : The expression of p63 has been studied in various tumor types, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods and Results : Twenty-five trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 1,193 patients. The overall positive proportion of p63 was 91.5% (95% CI, 86.3–94.8). Both histological and cytological methods of obtaining specimens showed a high expression of p63 in SCC at 89.8% (95% CI, 81.9–94.5) and 88.7% (95% CI, 80.9–93.6). The p63 positive proportion of the well or moderately differentiated subgroups was 92.7% (95% CI, 77.9–97.9) compared to the poorly differentiated subgroup at 86.9% (95% CI, 61.6–96.5). When using >1% of p63 immunoreactive cells as the positive standard, both sensitivity and specificity at 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86–0.94) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75–0.85), respectively, were acceptable. When using >10% and >50% standards, sensitivities of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.90–0.94) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78–0.85) and specificities of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.82–0.86) and 0.92(95% CI, 0.90–0.94) were shown. Conclusions : In SCC, there is a high expression of p63, which has no association with the histological or cytological methods used to obtain specimens or the degree of differentiation of the specimens. Even when only a small amount of cells were stained (>1%) as the positive standard, the sensitivity and specificity of p63 were maintained at a high level. We suggest that >50% of immunoreactive cells be used as the positive standard to achieve proper sensitivity and specificity.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"81 1","pages":"228-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71252668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Lung - Rather a Disseminated than a Localized Disease? - A Case Report of a Primary Pulmonary Plasmacytoma Showing Distinct Signs of Systemic Spread 肺髓外浆细胞瘤是播散性疾病还是局域性疾病?- 1例原发性肺浆细胞瘤表现出明显的全身扩散征象

Journal of cancer research updates Pub Date : 2012-08-25 DOI: 10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.02

Lisa Billecke, E. Penas, J. Zustin, T. Derlin, C. Bokemeyer, G. Schilling

{"title":"Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Lung - Rather a Disseminated than a Localized Disease? - A Case Report of a Primary Pulmonary Plasmacytoma Showing Distinct Signs of Systemic Spread","authors":"Lisa Billecke, E. Penas, J. Zustin, T. Derlin, C. Bokemeyer, G. Schilling","doi":"10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-2279.2012.01.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"We report a 58 years old woman presenting with an extramedullary plasma cell tumor of the lung with additional affection of lymph nodes above and underneath the diaphragm, without apparent infiltration of the bone marrow by malignant plasma cells, but evidence for a small proportion of clonal plasma cells in the FACS analysis. As the patient showed excretion of lambda light chains in the urine besides the solid manifestations on multiple sites and minimal bone marrow involvement, the systemic spread in this case was verified. This in contrast to primary extramedullary plasmacytoma (PPP) presenting as solitaire plasma cell tumors mostly occurring in the upper aerodigestive tract or extramedullary myeloma, which describes relapses or extramedullary progression of multiple myeloma emerging in various organs. We herein present all features of a, to our opinion, systemic disease by means of affection pattern, laboratory values and bone marrow infiltration. This unusual case demonstrates the presentation of an extramedullary plasma cell tumor that appeared as a PPP but showed distinct signs of dissemination as well as uncommon features such as a monoclonal component of IgM type. This example reveales, that extramedullary manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia should be surveyed carefully as they can conceal an underlying systemic disease.","PeriodicalId":89799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research updates","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71251741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0