Autism-open access最新文献_第7页

An Autism Screening Expert System: Reliability, Validity and Factorial Structure 自闭症筛查专家系统:信度、效度与析因结构

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000230

M. Mahmoudi, Saeed Akbari-Zardkhaneh, A. A. B. Zadeh, Bagher Ghobari-Bonab, M. Shokoohi-yekta, Hadi Moradi, H. Pouretemad

{"title":"An Autism Screening Expert System: Reliability, Validity and Factorial Structure","authors":"M. Mahmoudi, Saeed Akbari-Zardkhaneh, A. A. B. Zadeh, Bagher Ghobari-Bonab, M. Shokoohi-yekta, Hadi Moradi, H. Pouretemad","doi":"10.4172/2165-7890.1000230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000230","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main aim of the current study was to develop an expert system for screening autism spectrum disorders. The statistical properties of the system were further examined. Methods: To design an expert system, having a reliable and valid knowledge base (KL) is very important. To provide the knowledge base, items linked to autism diagnoses were collected from the literature and then reviewed by a group of psychologists and psychometrists experts. The questionnaire was completed by parents of children with autism (85), parents of normal children (65) and parents of children with Down syndrome (20). Next, some psychometric and machine learning methods were implemented to select the items having more power to discriminate children with autism from normal children and children with Down syndrome and evaluate its reliability and validity features. Results: Findings yielded good reliability (0.96) and criterion validity (0.86) for the system. The accuracy was about 0.93 and .92, using Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM)), respectively. In addition, specificity and sensitivity of the system using SVM is 84.1 and 98.5%, respectively, while RF is 73.4 specificity and 99.3% sensitivity. Conclusion: This system can be considered as a reliable and valid system for screening ASDs. Citation: Mahmoudi M, Akbari-Zardkhaneh S, Zadeh AAB, Ghobari-Bonab B, Shokoohi-Yekta M, et al. (2018) An Autism Screening Expert System: Reliability, Validity and Factorial Structure. Autism Open Access 8: 230. doi:10.4172/2165-7890.1000230","PeriodicalId":89745,"journal":{"name":"Autism-open access","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78162417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Evolution and Preliminary Testing of a Hyperoxic Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorders 高氧治疗自闭症谱系障碍的发展和初步试验

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000233

Peterson Re, Allen Mw

{"title":"Evolution and Preliminary Testing of a Hyperoxic Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorders","authors":"Peterson Re, Allen Mw","doi":"10.4172/2165-7890.1000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000233","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprises a range of developmental disabilities, the established prevalence of which has been increasing globally. Despite decades of research, however, ASD is still not well understood and a generally accepted intervention or group of interventions which consistently and comprehensively address the spectrum of needs has not yet been identified or developed. Thus, in seeking a solution to their children's conditions, some parents have felt compelled to try complementary and alternative medical treatments.One such intervention that has attracted some advocates is off-label hyperbaric oxygen therapy. In examining the data for this application, we were struck by the wide range of oxygen partial pressures reported to have benefit and the fact that many could be easily provided at normobaric pressure. As we knew of no reason for the use of increased pressure in treating ASD with hyperoxic therapy, we determined to find out if benefits could be obtained from such treatments at normal atmospheric pressure.A pilot study with five cases involving preteens and teenagers with autism was conducted using a normobaric form of hyperoxic treatment we have called Microbaric® Oxygen Therapy (MBO2). All five cases benefitted, three remarkably so. Improvements were across the full range of symptoms of autism, and no regression was reported on cessation of treatment or during follow up for as long as six years. Thus, it appears that the outcomes of MBO2 for autism are permanent. As a consequence of this pilot study, it would seem imperative to conduct controlled research to confirm our findings. Should similar outcomes be obtained, then MBO2 would offer a new, cost-effective, and time efficient way forward as a stand-alone therapy or as an adjunct to other therapies in the treatment of autism.","PeriodicalId":89745,"journal":{"name":"Autism-open access","volume":"147 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86650467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design interventions for Sensory comfort of Autistic children 自闭症儿童感官舒适的干预设计

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000227

Arathy Gopal, Jayaprakash Raghavan

引用次数: 11

Novel Treatment for Improvement of Sensory-Motor, Function and Emotional Behavior of a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A History Case Report 改善自闭症谱系障碍儿童感觉运动、功能和情绪行为的新疗法:一个病史病例报告

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000220

Y. Harel, O. Atun-Einy, M. Lotan

{"title":"Novel Treatment for Improvement of Sensory-Motor, Function and Emotional Behavior of a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A History Case Report","authors":"Y. Harel, O. Atun-Einy, M. Lotan","doi":"10.4172/2165-7890.1000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000220","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tailored interventions. One potential novel intervention is orthotic under-garments (OUG Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neuro-developmental disorder frequently presenting sensory-motor impairments. The complexity and diversity of ASD typically calls for individualized). Aim: To explore the feasibility and effect of OUG as a supplementary therapeutic modality on motor, sensory capabilities and behavior of a child with ASD. Participant: A five years and eight months old child with ASD that presents hypotonia, poor postural control and coordination, a significant motor delay, severe sensory modulation problems, and unusual behaviors. Procedure: Motor, sensory and behavioral evaluations were performed pre (Pre-I) and after (Post-I) a four months intervention: Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2), The Short Sensory Profile (SSP), therapists’ reports and parental interviews served as a behavior and emotion evaluation. Results: Motor function has improved (PDMS-2 percentile <1 Pre-I vs. Post-I 3). Sensory function has improved (Total SSP score 136 Pre-I vs. Post-I 102). Therapeutic and parental reports indicated a decrease of atypical behaviors, improvement in self-confidence and better social participation. Conclusion: According to the current case report, the OUG was found to be useful in improving sensory-motor functions and emotional behaviors of a child with ASD. Our findings provide a possible support to the introduction of orthotic undergarment as a part of individually tailored physical therapy interventions for the child with ASD.","PeriodicalId":89745,"journal":{"name":"Autism-open access","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75082684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Developments in Autism Treatment 自闭症治疗的新进展

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000e143

Veera Manukonda

引用次数: 0

Similarities in Dyspraxia and Autism 运动障碍和自闭症的相似之处

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000231

Waleed Abdulkarim

引用次数: 1

Melatonin for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Beyond Sleep Disturbances? 褪黑素治疗自闭症谱系障碍:超越睡眠障碍?

Autism-open access Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2165-7890.1000E142

D. Siniscalco, Nicola Antonucci, R. Rezzani