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Colourful Side of Bacteriology: The Pigmented Bacteria 细菌学的多彩一面:色素细菌
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-02-15 DOI: 10.4172/2469-9837.1000I104
V. Kothari, C. Joshi, P. Patel
{"title":"Colourful Side of Bacteriology: The Pigmented Bacteria","authors":"V. Kothari, C. Joshi, P. Patel","doi":"10.4172/2469-9837.1000I104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2469-9837.1000I104","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristic of pigment production is widely distributed among life forms of all domains of taxonomy. Animals, plants, and microorganisms-different members from all these diverse living groups have been reported to produce a variety of pigments. Among microorganisms, pigments displaying a wide diversity of colour, structure, and function have been reported. Though much has been published regarding microbial pigments, much more remains to be investigated, particularly regarding their biological role in the producing organism(s). Our knowledge regarding the evolution of Advancements in Genetic Engineering Kothari et al., Adv Genet Eng 2016, 5:1 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000i104","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"01 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70314586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Phylogeography of the Bamboo Locust Ceracris kiangsu (Acrididae: Ceracrinae) Based on Mitochondrial ND2 Sequences 基于线粒体ND2序列的江苏竹蝗系统地理学研究(蝗科:竹蝗科
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-02-10 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000144
G. Jiang, Na-na Liu, Xiaodong Li, J. Lan
{"title":"Phylogeography of the Bamboo Locust Ceracris kiangsu (Acrididae: Ceracrinae) Based on Mitochondrial ND2 Sequences","authors":"G. Jiang, Na-na Liu, Xiaodong Li, J. Lan","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"The yellow-spined bamboo locust Ceracris kiangsu Tsai, which is important migratory pest in forestry, is endemic to China. However, its population genetic structure and demography are little known. Here, we used mitochondrial ND2 gene to examine the population genetics and phylogeographical structure of C. kiangsu across its distribution range. To test for hierarchical population genetic structure in C. kiangsu, we performed analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) in ARLEQUIN; the median-joining network was generated for all haplotypes by using software Network; phylogeny of all haplotypes was reconstructed by using Neighbour-joining (NJ) in MEGA and maximumlikelihood (ML) in PAUP. Our results showed none significant values of the population genetic structure for C. kiangsu. Phylogenetic analyses exhibited some shallow genealogy, which were corresponding to networks of C. kiangsu haplotypes. All the analysis results did not divide the bamboo locust haplotypes into independent groups. High gene flow together with a recent and sudden population expansion characterized the population structure of this species. Populations of this species are most likely originated in the FJ, HR and TY locations. The Wuyi and Qingling mountains coupled with other mountains in southern China were not effective barriers limiting gene exchange between neighbouring populations on both sides of these mountains.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic Paradigm in Orthodontics 正畸学的遗传范式
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-02-10 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000142
S. Singh, Vinay Kumar, A. Utreja
{"title":"Genetic Paradigm in Orthodontics","authors":"S. Singh, Vinay Kumar, A. Utreja","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000142","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodontics, the oldest discipline of dental specialty concerns with the treatment of malocclusion both dental and skeletal. Although etiology of malocclusion is multifactorial, genes do have influence on this condition, beside their role in mechanism of tooth movement and unwanted sequel like external root resorption following orthodontic treatment. This short communication will focus the issue on role of gene in various conditions which have paramount effect either on the etiology of malocclusion or mechanism by which tooth movement occurs. Human genome project and future advancement in genomic medicine will help us in clear identification of conditions causing mutation and the unsolved zigzag puzzle of molecular interaction can be solved.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Understanding Genetic Variations as Risk Factors for Development Venous Thrombo-Embolism (VTE) 了解遗传变异是发生静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)的危险因素
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-02-10 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000143
S. Srivastava
{"title":"Understanding Genetic Variations as Risk Factors for Development Venous Thrombo-Embolism (VTE)","authors":"S. Srivastava","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000143","url":null,"abstract":"Venous thrombosis (VT) possess a major health problem worldwide and has a high incidence in several populations across the world. Its two clinical manifestations include deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The pathogenetic mechanism of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is still not completely elucidated, however there are clear evidences that the process occurs by complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, wherein, genetic risk factors plays a major role. These numerous conditions that are known for predisposition of venous thromboembolism are commonly referred to as ‘risk factors’. Classical risk factors for VTE include advancing age, prolonged immobilization, surgery, use of oral contraceptives or hormones, pregnancy, cancer etc. However, in the recent decades, studies have emerged that indicating a major role of novel genetic risk factors. These genetic risk factors include genes related to haemostatic system and coagulation cascade. Understanding the of role of these genes as predisposing factors for VTE represent a crucial step for a better understanding of pathogenesis of thrombosis. Several genes that have been studied for their mutations playing a role in VTE are factor V Leiden (FVL), antithrombin (AT), protein C, protein S, prothrombin, fibrinogen etc. The risk associated with each genetic defect might be relatively insignificant when studied individually but simultaneous involvement of several mutations increase the risk of susceptibility. In addition to this, acquired risk factors interacting with one or more genetic variations further add to the risk of VTE. This review has been complied to interrogate the role of several genetic and acquired risk factors across various populations as investigated in numerous studies.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Bacillus Cells Division and Arrangements on Glass Slide 芽孢杆菌细胞在载玻片上的分裂和排列
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.4172/2469-9837.1000i103
M. Oves, Q. Ha
{"title":"Bacillus Cells Division and Arrangements on Glass Slide","authors":"M. Oves, Q. Ha","doi":"10.4172/2469-9837.1000i103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2469-9837.1000i103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70314574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overview of Xerodermatic Pigmentsum Mutations, Prognosis, and Treatment 皮干性色素突变、预后和治疗综述
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000141
S. Patra
{"title":"Overview of Xerodermatic Pigmentsum Mutations, Prognosis, and Treatment","authors":"S. Patra","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000141","url":null,"abstract":"Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is a rare disorder, first described by Hebra and Kaposi. Cleaver provided a clear understanding of XP as it played a central role in DNA mutation in cancer [2]. This rare disorder is an autosomal recessive skin disorder where cells are unable to repair the damage caused by UV radiation. This leads to early skin changes, sunburns, dry skin and increased development of skin tumors and damage to the eyes brought on by UV light. Although rare, XP is present throughout the world in majority of ethnicities. Current statistics indicate that there are approximately 100 diagnosed cases in the UK. Furthermore, 1 in 1 million incidences are reported in the US. In addition, high rates have been reported in certain areas such as Japan and the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Stable Stretched Suspended DNA Molecules 稳定拉伸悬浮DNA分子
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-01-30 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000I102
M. Moretti, T. Limongi, M. Marini, F. Gentile, A. Giugni, B. Torre, M. Allione, L. Tirinato, G. Das, G. Perozziello, P. Candeloro, E. Fabrizio
{"title":"Stable Stretched Suspended DNA Molecules","authors":"M. Moretti, T. Limongi, M. Marini, F. Gentile, A. Giugni, B. Torre, M. Allione, L. Tirinato, G. Das, G. Perozziello, P. Candeloro, E. Fabrizio","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000I102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000I102","url":null,"abstract":"The elastic properties of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are strictly related to their biological function, especially in the case of DNA. The elastic properties control their bending and twisting by ensuring that long molecules can fit into the nucleus of a cell and that, proteins and drugs, can regulate all the cellular processes by means of effective bindings. Accurate elasticity response measurement of DNA molecules to chemo/ mechanical stress, is usually determined in pulling experiments by investigating secondary structure formation and conformational transitions. Many techniques are available for DNA/RNA manipulation such as optical and magnetic tweezers.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000I102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70877720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Hybrid Fast WOC (wavelet Otsu curvelet) Algorithm for Stem Cell Image Segmentation 一种用于干细胞图像分割的小波快速混合WOC算法
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2016-01-03 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000140
R. Nathiya, G. Sivaradje
{"title":"A Hybrid Fast WOC (wavelet Otsu curvelet) Algorithm for Stem Cell Image Segmentation","authors":"R. Nathiya, G. Sivaradje","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000140","url":null,"abstract":"This paper mainly concentrates on image segmentation using Wavelet, otsu and Curvelet algorithm. The existing Chan Vese model becomes complex in determining multiple images simultaneously in varying intensities. In order to increase the detection performance the WOC (wavelet Otsu curvelet) algorithm is proposed. Due to high directionality and anisotropic nature of the curvelet transform, it gives better performance at the edges and it is also applied for multi-scale edge enhancement. Wavelet transform is well suited for multi resolution. Wavelet and curvelet transforms are incorporated for sub band decomposition of frequency coefficients. Otsu algorithm has a novel approach for segmentation where thresholding is done using histogram analysis. This in turn reduces the segmentation complexity and hence the new algorithm is termed as Hybrid fast WOC algorithm.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Design and Analysis of Ensemble Classifier for Gene Expression Data of Cancer 肿瘤基因表达数据集成分类器的设计与分析
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000152
Nianfeng Song, Kun Wang, Menglu Xu, Xiao-Ying Xie, Ganneng Chen, Ying Wang
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Ensemble Classifier for Gene Expression Data of Cancer","authors":"Nianfeng Song, Kun Wang, Menglu Xu, Xiao-Ying Xie, Ganneng Chen, Ying Wang","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000152","url":null,"abstract":"Gene expression levels are important for disease, such as, Cancer diagnosis. This paper proposed a SVM-based ensemble classifier to classify the control and cancer groups based on gene expression levels from microarray data. A combinational Recursive Feature Elimination in conjunction with the Adaboost algorithm was developed to select significant features and design the proper classifier. The method is applied to microarray data of cancer patients, and the results show improvements on the success rate. By AUC calculation, the SVM-based ensemble classifier shows predominate performance. Furthermore, the characteristics and different effect issues to classification performance is discussed. If a single SVM can obtain satisfactory classification performance, an ensemble SVM is hardly capable to improve it. Otherwise, an ensemble of SVM is superior to the best single SVM. We also investigated the effect of kernel functions, feature selections and type of classifiers on the classification.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Current Concepts and Evaluation of Uro-Rectal Diseases by Transrectal Ultrasound: A Review 经直肠超声诊断尿直肠疾病的现状及评价综述
Advancements in genetic engineering Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000137
D. Gautam, W. Kelly, I. Reese, S. Yiji, Sarda Ak
{"title":"Current Concepts and Evaluation of Uro-Rectal Diseases by Transrectal Ultrasound: A Review","authors":"D. Gautam, W. Kelly, I. Reese, S. Yiji, Sarda Ak","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000137","url":null,"abstract":"This article specifically discusses the clinical importance and current role of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to index the clinical suspicion of uro-rectal diseases. The traditional digital rectal examination is an inadequate method with low sensitivity and specificity, and confidence level for uro-rectal diseases. TRUS provides further imaging modalities, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and three-dimensional reconstruction. Prostate cancer can be diagnosed in patient with refractory prostate-specific antigen to increase to increase diagnostic modalities with fusion biospies. The outcome of uro-rectal diseases can be improved by utilization of initial TRUS, a non-invasive and radiation free, extension of physical diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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