Pancreatic disorders & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Pancreatic Steatosis: Is it Related to Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus and MetabolicSyndrome?","authors":"L. Roever","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.1000E139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.1000E139","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of fat in the pancreas has been referred to as fatty infiltration, fatty pancreas, fat non-alcoholic pancreatic disease and pancreatic steatosis. Fat accumulation in pancreatic islets causes a decrease of insulin secretion; in addition, a higher proportion of fat pancreas was associated with increased insulin levels in obese nondiabetic subjects. This may be due to accumulation of pancreatic fat. The pancreatic steatosis is easily detectable using ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance [7-13].","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84309412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-Induced Acute Pancreatitis Confirmed By Positive Re-challenge","authors":"N. Fathallah, R. Slim, S. Larif, H. Hmouda, J. Sakhri, C. Salem","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S6-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S6-005","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced pancreatitis is a rare but severe adverse drug reaction with an incidence of 0.1-2%. More recent reports have estimated an incidence of up to 5%. Over 500 medications have been associated with this disease. Recrudescence of pancreatotoxicity upon re-exposure to the suspicious drug is considered the more reliable evidence of drug-induced pancreatitis. A retrospective review of MEDLINE was conducted to assess clinical outcomes of positive drug re-challenge following possible drug-induced pancreatitis. A total number of 250 cases of drug-induced pancreatitis with positive re-challenge were identified, among which, 183 met inclusion criteria for analysis in our review. A broad spectrum of suspect drugs was identified. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs were incriminated in 30% of all cases, antibacterials in 18.6%, and cardiovascular agents in 10.9% of cases, immunomodulators in 11% of cases and gastro-intestinal drugs in 4.9% of cases. Improved identification and communication of possible drug-induced pancreatitis is needed to avoid potentially serious and/or fatal drug rechallenges.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79415678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Diagnostic Cut Off Levels on the Sensitivity and Comparison of Sensitivities of Serum Lipase and Amylase for the Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis","authors":"Sarfaraz Jasdanwala, K. Belitsis","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S6-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S6-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91138214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticography with or withoutStenting in Patients with Pancreaticobiliary Malignancy: An Updated Metaanalysis","authors":"C. Duan, Sheng-Hui Ma","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S6-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S6-003","url":null,"abstract":"In order to assess the beneficial and harmful effects of biliary stenting via ERCP for pancreaticobiliary stricture confirmed or suspected to be malignant, prior to surgery, we identified trials through Pubmed (1950 to June 2013), Science Citation Index Expanded (1945 to June 2013), and EMBASE (1980 to June 2013). Three authors independently selected trials for inclusion and extracted data. The primary pre-surgical, post-surgical, and final outcome measures were mortality. The secondary outcomes were complications such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, bleeding, pancreatic fistula, intra-abdominal abscess, improvement in bilirubin, and quality of life. Dichotomous outcomes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) based on fixed- and random-effect models. We identified three randomized trials with 634 patients undergoing pancreatico-duodenectomy; 500 patients underwent ERCP with biliary stenting and 134 had ERCP without biliary stenting prior to surgery. Pre-surgical mortality was not significantly affected by stenting (OR 3.14, 95% CI 0.12 to 79.26), while there were significantly more complications in the stented group (OR 18.41, 95% CI 2.46 to 137.85). However, postsurgical complications were significantly less in the stented group (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48). Overall mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.71) and complications (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48) were not significantly different in the two groups. We could not find convincing evidence to support or refute endoscopic biliary stenting on the mortality in patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy. Large randomized trials are needed to settle the question of pre-surgical biliary stenting.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78541556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective and Therapeutic Properties of Obestatin in Experimental Models of Acute Pancreatitis","authors":"J. Bukowczan, T. Golabek","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S6-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S6-002","url":null,"abstract":"Acute pancreatitis (AP) still remains associated with high mortality rates reaching as high as 30% despite substantial improvements in the management of the disease [1,2]. This is due to complex disease aetiology, its diverse clinical course, as well as, the lack of targeted treatment owning to the poor understanding of its pathogenesis. A number of histological mechanisms have been associated with AP and are responsible for permanent morphological and structural changes of the gland in the course of severe AP [3]. The article \"Pretreatment with obestatin reduces the severity of ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute pancreatitis in rats\" provides fascinating data how administration of obestatin inhibits the development of ischemia/ reperfusion-induced AP [4]. Authors’ conclusions, together with previous findings, suggest that protective effect of obestatin in the pancreas is universal and independent of the primary cause of acute pancreatitis. The observations are in agreement that different initial causes can damage pancreas through same mechanisms or even through different mechanisms, which, however, share same end-point biochemical and histological markers (very uncommon in human biology), as obestatin probably expresses its protective effect, according to the results, through controlling all these biochemical and histopathological parameters which definitely express a specific mechanism of pancreatic damage (oxidative stress). The study prompts a question about what should be an acceptable possible way of obestatin to fail to express its protection in case of ischemia/ reperfusion-induced AP. The phenomenon of obestatin protection seems to be oxidative stressand dose-dependent. Accordingly, the reason for the statistically insignificant blood flow improvement although statistically significant oxidative stress scavenging, remains unknown. Relative changes in the expression of these results do not alter, however, the core issue of this important question.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84511117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcific Pancreatitis mimicking as Metastasis from Neuroendocrine Tumour","authors":"Abhijeet D. Sawant, Adrianna D’Mello, Namita Deogaonkar, Sudeep R. Shah","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S6-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S6-001","url":null,"abstract":"We present a 44 year old man, a known case of neuroendocrine tumor of periampullary region that underwent Whipple’s procedure. He was asymptomatic for four years postoperatively, following which he complained of loss of appetite, malaise and had significant weight loss. His CT scan of abdomen and pelvis revealed pancreatic duct dilatation and calcific pancreatitis with no sign of disease anywhere else. Hence, calcific pancreatitis can mimic metastasis in an operated case of Whipple’s procedure especially in neuroendocrine tumors which are low grade & slow growing. Calcific pancreatitis is not a known complication of Whipple’s procedure and has not been cited in literature.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87235429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Feed Back For Monitoring Insulin Therapy? (First Experimental and Clinical Tests)","authors":"V. Coulic, N. Valery, Devriendt Jacques","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S5-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S5-005","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of glucose metabolism disorders in critically ill or in diabetic patients remains sometimes arduous because the serum glucose concentration does not reflect in real time the tissues metabolic situation. We hypothesized that the difference Dt between core (Tc) and subcutaneous (Ts) temperatures of the body can reflect the tissues energy balance (which glucose metabolism ensures for 70%) and hence be used to monitor glucose metabolism. A device – ADD-CIT - was elaborated and patented. It includes a thin rectal catheter with two temperature captors at a distance of 4.5 cm, a temperature analyser, a computer which commands an insulin pump according to an algorithm linked with the recorded evolution of Dt values. The results of its first tests are presented here. \u0000The device technical liability was tested in thermostat according to standard methods. The feasibility of temperature registration was verified in animal experiments on rats. From 1998 till 2012, the device was tested in13 healthy volunteers and 58 diabetic patients type 1 with a more than 24 hours lasting blood glucose level above 11.1 mM/l (200 mg/dl) in spite of usual insulin therapy, 19 from them undergoing only Dt investigation with traditional treatment continuation. Ethic Committee agreements were obtained. Range of glycaemia normalization delays after the observation beginning, per cent of failure (glycaemia remaining above the hyperglycaemia threshold), hypoglycaemia and “yo-yo” episodes were analysed. \u0000Acceptable stability and reproducibility of the Dt measures were shown in thermostat, in animals and in healthy human volunteers. Compared with the traditional treatment, new feedback monitored insulin treatment has demonstrated: some acceleration of the glycaemia decrease during the first 3-4 hours, less treatment failures, yo-yo events, and deep hypoglycaemia episodes. In most cases, a 3-4 hour session significantly improved the patient condition. \u0000These first results suggest the validity of the new feedback for insulin therapy control.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90441526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Exosomal Cargo in the Regulation of the Biological Complexity of Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"F. Sarkar","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S5E002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S5E002","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest of all human cancers and remains incurable. There is an urgent need for the identification of specific diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers with hopes that such markers could be targeted in the development of novel therapeutics for better treatment of pancreatic cancer. The concept that extracellular transport can be mediated by vesicular structure especially exosome was brought to the scientific community in the 1980s; however, it was only in the last 10 years that the field of exosome biology has gained momentum. The surge in research interest was supported by the realization that these vesicular structure can participate in several important cellular processes, and in cancer, these small vesicles are emerging to be recognized as powerful modulators of most of the well-known cancer hallmarks. Exosomes serve as important vehicle for delivering cargo containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They have been shown to mediate intercellular communication between different cell types in the body, and thus affecting the functioning of normal homeostasis as well as the functioning of different pathological conditions. This brief editorial touches upon some of the complex but expanding role of exosomal cargo in mediating the biology of pancreatic cancer. Some perspective is provided as to how the field of pancreatic cancer in the context of exosome is taking shape with the hope to bring forward successful clinical applications of exosome in guiding advancement for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91254552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency Affects Not Only Digestibility of Nutrients and Growth, but Also Body Composition and Endocrinological Parameters- Study on Piglets Used As a Model for Children","authors":"A. Mösseler, T. Schwarzmaier, P. Gregory, M. Piechotta, M. Beyerbach, J. Kamphues","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S5-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S5-003","url":null,"abstract":"The pancreatic duct ligated (PL) piglet is a model for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) in children. PEI is very common in children suffering from cystic fibrosis and is of highest relevance as the nutritional status affects survival rate of these patients. This study aimed comparing growth and body weight development of PL-piglets with (PL+enz) or without (PL-0) pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) with those of controls. Growth, proportion of gastrointestinal tract (GIT; including digesta) and digestibility of nutrients was measured in young PL-pigs. The body weight (kg) at dissection differed significantly (p 0.05). PERT increased digestibility of fat and protein but reached no normalisation. Samples of ileal digesta taken during dissection indicated a significant reduction (p<0.005) in praecaecal starch digestibility in PL-0 (33.4%) compared to the controls (79.7%). This study demonstrates that PEI impaired growth, with improvement, but no complete normalisation, by PERT. The massive increase (p<0.0005) in GIT mass (21.1% of body weight in PL-0 compared to 8.17% in controls) is noteworthy, resulting in an overestimation of growth and nutritional condition in PL-0. Endocrinological parameters like leptin and IGF 1 were also impaired in the PL-pigs (p<0.05) and are supposed to be useful parameters to evaluate nutritional status in these PEI patients. As weight and BMI might result in an overestimation of nutritional status in PEI patients due to increased gut fill, there is need to implement further parameters to estimate nutritional status. Leptin seems to be a promising parameter to characterize nutritional status, even in juveniles – allowing an indirect quantification of the body fat content. Without need for any technical equipment on-site this parameter can be measured continuously during routine consultation, allowing an early detection of malnutrition and early therapeutic intervention.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"102 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87013838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent Hypoxia in Pancreatic beta Cells","authors":"H. Ota, S. Takasawa, M. Yamauchi, M. Yoshikawa, K. Tomoda, H. Kimura","doi":"10.4172/2165-7092.S5-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7092.S5-004","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) a highly prevalent disorder, and characterized by repetitive episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH), i.e. recurrent episodes of oxygen desaturation during sleep, the development of daytime sleepiness, and deterioration in the quality of life. Multiple epidemiological studies have provided evidence implicating the presence of SAS as a risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and have reported that type 2 diabetes is associated with SAS independently of age, sex, and body habitus. One of the postulated mechanisms for the metabolic alterations associated with SAS is that IH leads to substantial alterations in both pancreatic β cell function and organ glucose homeostasis. On the other hand, hyperglycemia is known to increase the rate of β cell replication, which can provide an increased source of insulin to combat insulin resistance. Although accumulating evidence suggests associations between SAS and type 2 diabetes, the direct effect of IH on pancreatic β cell has been unknown. In this review, we focus on the impact of IH on pancreatic β cells, particularly β cell dysfunction and cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":89708,"journal":{"name":"Pancreatic disorders & therapy","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74844467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}