Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Profitability and Resource Use Efficiency of Polycarp Production in Morang, Nepal","authors":"D. Poudel, N. Pandit","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48383","url":null,"abstract":"The study was designed to portray the resource use efficiency of polycarp production in Morang district of Nepal during December 2017 to April 2018. Total of 30 commercial and 30 subsistence farmers were selected for primary data collection. Cobb-Douglas non-linear regression function was used to determine inputs that affect productivity. Empirical results illustrated the enterprise to be profitable as indicated by Benefit Cost Ratio, 1.87 in commercial and 1.33 in subsistence farms. The income of commercial farms was significantly higher (NRs. 76.94/kg) than subsistent farms (p<0.01). Estimates suggested feed and labor to be reduced; proper use of lime, fertilizer, other cost and pond rent to be increased. Therefore, the fishery enterprise is in the stage of higher potentiality to increase its production in the study area.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77266071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Relationship Between Soil pH and Macronutrients at Baseshwor, Sindhuli","authors":"M. Paudel, K. Adhikari, B. Subedi, J. Gairhe, S. Vista, S. Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48426","url":null,"abstract":"Macronutrients are the nutrients required by plants in relatively large amount. Nutrients availability is dependent on soil reaction, which is one of the most important chemical parameters. This study was carried out in Baseshwor area of Sindhuli District to determine the relationship between soil pH and soil macronutrients: total Nitrogen, available Phosphorus, exchangeable Potassium, extractable Calcium, and extractable Magnesium. A total of 30 representative soil samples was collected from the Baseshwor area and were analyzed following the standard procedures. A simple linear correlation and regression were performed by using MS EXCEL  to compute the relationship between soil pH and the macronutrients. The result showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil pH and total N (r=0.7310*), available phosphorus(r=0.6466*), extractable potassium (r=0.5569*), extractable Ca (r=0.6088*) and extractable Mg (r=0.5945*). Similarly, with the increase by one unit in soil pH; total N, available Phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium, and magnesium increased by 0.3123, 72.29, 528.32, 906.37, and 108.42 units, respectively. It was also found that pH accounted for the change in about 53.4%, 41.8%, 31.0%, 37.1%, and 36.4% N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. Since most of the nutrients are available in the optimum pH range (6.5-7.5), maintenance of optimum soil pH is necessary for tackling the problems of unavailability of macronutrient from the soil in Baseshwor area, Sindhuli","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89742617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Major Body Morphometric Traits of Khari Goat Kids (Capra hircus L.) in Nawalpur District, Nepal","authors":"N. Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48424","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out aiming at studying the non-genetic determinants affecting three major body morphological traits of Khari goats in Nawalparasi, Nepal. Body length, wither height and heart girth at the age of birth, weaning, nine months and fifteen months of 1260 kids born from 1005 does were measured and analyzed using fixed effect Least Square Mixed Model and Maximum Likelihood Computer Program (LSMMML PC-2). Significantly different means of body length, wither height and heart girth were between different sub-classes of non-genetic factors compared using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) computer software. Findings revealed that overall mean wither height of kids ranged from 28.84±0.59 cm at birth to 61.95±1.03 cm at fifteen months, respectively. Similarly, overall mean hearth girth of kids varied from 29.62±0.58 cm at to 65.04±1.17 cm at fifteen months’ age, respectively. Overall mean body length of Khari goat kids was at birth, weaning, nine months and fifteen months’ age was determined 28.09±0.67 cm at birth and reached to 59.96±0.98 cm at fifteen months’ age. Altitude, coat color, kidding season, dam’s parity, dam’s size, sex and birth type of kids were the important sources of variation (p<0.05 to <0.001) with respect to wither height, hearth girth and body length of kids at most of the stages of growth in case Nepalese hill goats. Thus, the results of present study help describe indigenous Khari goat breed using the phenotypic values of morphometric traits such as body length, heart girth and wither height which may be useful to estimate the phenological variations within breed.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72749255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp from Chicken Meat Samples of Bharatpur, Chitwan","authors":"R. Thapa, D. B. Thapa, A. Chapagain","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48428","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial contamination and high antibiotic resistance properties of broiler chicken meat are of major risk to public consumers and poultry farming. With the major objective to determine the prevalence rate of E. coli and Salmonella and their antibiotic resistance properties we conducted this cross-sectional study for the period of three months (April- July, 2018) at National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory, Bharatpur, Chitwan. A total of 100 samples were collected in sterile/dry plastic bags from different shops located in the vicinity of Bharatpur, and transported to the laboratory for further processing following standard microbiological techniques. Samples  were crushed in mortar pestle followed by streaking on EMB agar and XLD agar for isolation of E. coli and Salmonella. Isolates were identified by determining their colony characters, gram staining and biochemical results. Major isolates in our study was E. coli (n=56/100; 56%) and isolation rate was higher from the fresh meat sample (n=51/70; 72.8%) and which was washed by ground water (n=63/88; 71.5%). Isolation rate of E. coli and Salmonella was not significantly associated with the areas from where the samples were collected in urban areas (for E. coli; p=0.68 and for Salmonella; p=0.50 respectively) however higher rate of isolation was seen form shop located in urban area. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that Ciprofloxacin was most effective against E. coli (n=45/56; 80.3%) and Azithromycin was effective against Salmonella, (n=9/10; 90.0%) however, both isolates showed maximum resistance over Nalidixic Acid. This study is strongly indicative of improper sanitary practices for chicken meat handling and suggests for performing antibiotics susceptibility testing against the bacteria before prescribing any antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85136719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Level of Awareness about Predatory Journal among the Students of IAAS, Paklihawa","authors":"C. Rana, C. Tiwari, B. Bhattarai, A. Gautam, KC B., A. Khanal, A. Sharma, B., Tiwari, A. Parajuli, K. Kaphle","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48386","url":null,"abstract":"The predatory journal has emerged as a threat to credible scientific researches and publication practices because of its ill-money-draining mentality by attracting the authors for publication without providing mandatory peer-review, low publication standard, editorial, and publishing services. This study’s main objective is to assess the level of awareness about predatory journals among students of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS) as a hope to support scholarly communication in battling unprofessional conduct. We conducted an online crosssectional survey from 26th June to 6th July 2020 at IAAS. A structured questionnaire loaded in Google form was circulated online via E-mails, social media messages, and posted on various IAAS pages. With a total of 110 respondents from the veterinary and agriculture science students, the data concluded that among all respondents only 66.4% were familiar with the idea of predatory journals whereas only 38.2% of respondents were aware of Beall’s list and its concept. This fails in a published article to meet the criteria in the scientific community. Hence, proper knowledge regarding the nature of the journal is necessary for publishing the paper so that the scholarly work could reach its milestone.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79547770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Live Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Feeding on Milk Composition and Gross Profit Margin of Crossbred Dairy Cattle at Khumaltar, Nepal","authors":"B. Acharya, B. Dhital, T. P. Paudel, A. Sah, K. Kaphle","doi":"10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v36i1.48413","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to assess the effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NutrifermTM) inclusion in feed and its effects on milk composition and gross profit-margin from crossbred dairy cattle at Khumaltar, condition. An Experiment was carried out at National Cattle Research Program station of Nepal Agriculture Research Council (NARC), Khumaltar, Lalitpur of Nepal for 28 days from 19 March 2015 to 15 April 2015. Twenty crossbred cattle were selected randomly and divided into five treatment groups with each, group having four cows arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Five type of ration was composed to experimental animals; T1 : 0.5kg/MT, T2: 1 kg/MT, T3: 1.5 kg/MT, T4 : 2 kg/MT and T5 as control. Milk samples were collected during milking and Lactoscan auto analyzer was used to measure fat, solid not fat (SNF), lactose, protein along with the volume for four weeks’ experimental period. Data was analyzed using Split plot ANOVA method. Mean fat percentage between treatments was found non-significant but there was significant difference (P<0.05) in mean fat percentage across different time periodS in day 1st and 28th day being statistically significant. In this experiment, changes SNF, protein, and lactose in milk were found to be non-significant. Gross profit-margin of the milk production was done with the market price of raw milk and it was found to be significant (P<0.05) for 1st and 28th days of experiment. Supplementation of liveyeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NutrifermTM) @ 2 kg/ 1000 kg feed with standard feeding diet enhanced the milk production, improved fat content in milk and generate profit margin.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74319767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurient Management Trial on Foxtail Millet at Sundarbazar, Lamjung","authors":"E. Ojha, B. B. Adhikari, Y. Katuwal","doi":"10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22518","url":null,"abstract":"Foxtail millet is an indigenous crop known for its rich nutritive value, drought tolerance ability and low input requirements. Though it is grown in marginal condition, it can give the best production with the proper nutrient management for its cultivation. In this respect, an experiment was conducted in Agronomy farm of Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar during March-June 2017. The main objective of the experiment was to explore the performance of local foxtail millet under different level of nutrients. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and seven treatments viz. FYM 6 t/ha, FYM 6 t/ha+60:30:20 kg NPK/ha, 60:30:20 kg NPK/ha, FYM 6t/ha+30:20kg PK/ha, FYM 6t/ha+60:30 kg NK/ha, FYM 6 t/ha+60:30 kg NP/ha and Control (no fertilizers). Results revealed that highest grain yield (2.47t/ha) (152% higher than control), was obtained from FYM 6 t/ha+60:30:20 kg NPK/ha which was followed by 60:30:20 kg NPK/ha (2.45 t/ha) and were statistically at par with each other. The highest grain yield in FYM 6 t/ha+60:30:20 kg NPK/ha was supported by higher no. of grains per panicle (2870), more test weight (1.79 gm) and more harvest index (19.3%). However, the straw yield (12.6t/ha), biological yield (15.02t/ha) along with B: C ratio was found slightly higher in 60:30:20 kg NPK/ha. The growth characters viz. plant height, flag leaf area and panicle length of all the treatments were significantly higher than Control (T7). The treatment having balanced plant nutrients (T2) produced significantly higher yield and can be recommended to mid-hill farmers for obtaining good yield.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73102184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Performance and Feeding Efficiency of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) and Red Cap Oranda Fish (Carassius auratus auratus) by Using Different Locally Prepared Feed Mixed with Different Plant Extracts at Paklihawa, Nepal","authors":"S. Gurung, K. Bohara, R. Adhikari, A. Bista, S. Singh","doi":"10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22558","url":null,"abstract":"A research was done at Aquaculture department laboratory of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Paklihawa Campus, Rupandehi from 28 February 2017 to 28 April 2017 using two ornamental fishes; Goldfish (Carassius auratus) and Red cap oranda (Carassius auratus auratus) . Twelve rectangular glass aquarium of size of 12” × 24” × 12” were used for the purpose to assess the growth performance and feeding efficiency. Four treatments selected for this purpose were local feed containing rice bran and mustard oil cake (MOC) in T1 (Control), Local Feed with 5% Cassava leaves powder in T2, Local Feed with 5% Sweet Potato leaves powder in T3 and Local Feed with 5% Colocasia leaves powder 5% T4 during the experimental period. The initial weight of red cap was significantly lower in T3 as compared to T1 but was at par with T2 and T4. Furthermore, the final weight was not significantly different among the treatments. In case of goldfish, the initial weight at T4 was significantly lower than T2 but was at par among other treatments. The final weight was significantly higher in T2 as compared to T4 and T3 was at par with T1. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed higher in case of T2 (6.981±3.14) and lower in case of T3 (3.325±0.48). However, no significant difference was noticed among the treatments. Specific growth rate (SGR) was observed higher in T3 (0.0370±0.088) as compared to other treatments. However, in this case also, no significant difference was observed. Survivability percentage for red cap fish was observed higher in T3 (100±0.00) and least inT2 (50.000±40.82), whereas, survivability was 100% for goldfish in all the treatments. The average survivability was highest (100%) in T3 for both kinds of fishes and minimum in T2 (75±20.41). Also, the mean pH observed at T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 9.165, 9.222, 9.196 and 9.172 respectively. Similarly, daily mean dissolved oxygen recorded at T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 6.23 mg/l, 6.16 mg/l, 6.267mg/l and 6.147 mg/l respectively. Moreover, the mean average temperature recorded in these four treatments; T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 23.342°>C, 23.272°C, 23.342°C and 23.339°C respectively.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76633116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemato-Biochemical Analyses of Lactating Cross-Bred Jersey Cattle at Kaski District, Nepal","authors":"B. Regmi, K. Pande","doi":"10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22552","url":null,"abstract":"Hemato-biochemical profiles have been used widely to identify the health problems associated with productive and reproductive disorders. The objective of this study was to set up a baseline hematological and serum biochemical values. The study was carried out in 50 lactating cross bred Jersey cattle of Kaski district ranging in age from 3-7 years. Non-pregnant, lactating, apparently healthy and stall-fed cattle were selected for sampling and these animals were regularly dewormed and vaccinated against common diseases. All the hematological parameters were determined on the same day of collection using auto analyzer. The samples were also tested for blood protozoans (Anaplasma, Babesia, Theleria and Trypanosoma), using thin and thick smears. The serum samples were collected in a sterile vial for serum biochemical analysis and preserved at -200C until used for the assays. All the hematological parameters were within the normal range. However, 2% of the total animals tested appeared Theleria positive. Eosinophil and basophils were within the normal range suggesting that the deworming was effective and there was no allergic reaction. Mineral profile particularly glucose (11.75±0.87) was found significantly (P<0.05) low. This suggests that cross Jersey cattle were prone to hypoglycemia related metabolic disorders and corrective measures should be employed for better production. The values obtained in this study within the range can be used cautiously as reference value at lactating stage of cross-bred Jersey cattle. Further detail study is needed to exacting the standard reference value for this breed of cattle.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73998516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Botanicals for Weevil Management: A Integrated Approach of Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) Management in A Storage Condition","authors":"S. Tiwari, R. Thapa, Saurabh Sharma","doi":"10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/JIAAS.V35I1.22536","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted at Entomology Laboratory of Agriculture and Forestry University with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of potential plant materials to manage the maize weevil; Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from April to October 2015. The mean temperature and RH of storeroom during the experiment period was 29.37°C and 71.91% RH. A completely randomized design (CRD) was laid out with three replicates. Seven plant materials such as Acorus calamus (rhizome powder) @ 10gm kg-1, Azadirachta indica (seed powder) @ 10gm kg-1, Artemisia vulgaris (leaf dust) @ 10gm kg-1, Zanthoxylum alatum (fruit powder) @ 4gm kg-1, Melia azadirach (seed powder) @ 10gm kg-1, Justicia adhatoda (leaf dust) @ 10gm kg-1 and control were used as treatments. After six months, the lowest percentage maize weight loss (1.5) and lowest grain damage (1.43%) was observed in Acorus calamus treated grains. However, the highest grain damage percentage (18.02%) and weight loss (57.30%) was recorded in control treatment. Similarly, the lowest number of exit holes (3.30) was observed in Acorus calamus treated grains but highest (47.00) were recorded in control. Significantly more numbers of weevil were emerged (57.00) in control treatment whereas only a few (2.70) were recorded in Acorus calamus treated grains. Hence, it is concluded that maize weevil showed less preference to Acorus calamus treated grains with minimum weight loss and less grain damage as compared to other botanicals. This finding is important for promoting locally available botanical materials to manage maize weevil in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":89696,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83040208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}