Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-06-04DOI: 10.1177/1356262215590049
N. Lennox-Chhugani, D. Horrigan, D. Stein, Aarushi Jain
{"title":"Clinical risk and integrated care: Lessons from Accountable Care Organisations in the United States","authors":"N. Lennox-Chhugani, D. Horrigan, D. Stein, Aarushi Jain","doi":"10.1177/1356262215590049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215590049","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated care can deliver a range of quality benefits for patients, but there has been little explicit reference to clinical risk and patient safety benefits in the UK. A review of literature presented here sets out some of the patient safety benefits of provider integration that have been identified in the literature. This article sets out some lessons which can be drawn from the US experience in developing the Accountable Care Organisation model. The success of this model has been measured using metrics which include care coordination and patient safety metrics. These were based on clinical and services research conducted largely in the US. The experience of putting this into practice at one successful Accountable Care Organisation is presented, highlighting the benefits of population as well as individual level risk management. We set out the conceptual framework that can be used to ensure that the critical enablers of integration and patient safety are addressed. In conclusion, we highlight some immediate lessons that the UK could learn from.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"61 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215590049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215592330
P. Walsh
{"title":"What will the general election result mean for patient safety and justice?","authors":"P. Walsh","doi":"10.1177/1356262215592330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215592330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"20 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215592330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215574782
A. Mellis
{"title":"BD v The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust","authors":"A. Mellis","doi":"10.1177/1356262215574782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215574782","url":null,"abstract":"A claim for clinical negligence arising out of a failure to diagnose appendicitis was assisted by the misunderstanding of the Defendant's expert of his role as an expert witness, NHS Direct call recordings allowing the judge to hear the pain in the Claimant's voice, and the inherent defects in the treating doctor's note.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"50 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215574782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65476872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215591767
H. Merrett
{"title":"Do we know what we know – or just what we don’t know?","authors":"H. Merrett","doi":"10.1177/1356262215591767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215591767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"19 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215591767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215577520
Oluwatoyin A Sorinmade, Alexander Ruck Keene, Lisa Moylan
{"title":"Addressing the Conundrum: the MCA or the MHA?","authors":"Oluwatoyin A Sorinmade, Alexander Ruck Keene, Lisa Moylan","doi":"10.1177/1356262215577520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215577520","url":null,"abstract":"In the United Kingdom, individuals requiring inpatient care for mental health purposes can be admitted to hospital with their consent as informal patients, or formally through procedure(s) prescribed by law. There are, however, instances where individuals otherwise referred to as informal patients are on admission without their consent or in circumstances that amount to deprivation of their liberty as defined by the United Kingdom Supreme Court and without recourse to lawful procedures by their clinical team as stipulated by the European Convention on Human Rights. Such instances might be without the awareness of the individuals or their clinical teams or the clinical teams might be unclear as to which statute applies to patient care. This paper has been written to help clinicians define the legal status of patients at the point of admission, during their stay on the inpatient unit and the statute(s) that apply to different in-patient situations.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"31 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215577520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65476731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215585270
M. Dahill, R. Bethune, A. Carson-Stevens, Eleanor Soo, K. Finucane, Joanne Watson, T. Woodhead, Clare VanHamel
{"title":"First-year doctors’ attitudes and beliefs relating to quality improvement and patient safety","authors":"M. Dahill, R. Bethune, A. Carson-Stevens, Eleanor Soo, K. Finucane, Joanne Watson, T. Woodhead, Clare VanHamel","doi":"10.1177/1356262215585270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215585270","url":null,"abstract":"In the current environment of culture change and financial pressure on the National Health Service, quality improvement initiatives are heralded as new vehicles for workplace evolution. Foundation Year One doctors encounter many of the problems impinging on quality, and their enthusiasm and number make them an indispensable resource and critical mass for improvement. In response to the increasing importance of quality improvement training, and as part of an ongoing project to embed quality improvement education in the Severn Deanery region, this paper describes the evolution of a questionnaire tool to assess the attitudes and beliefs of a cohort of new Foundation Year One doctors. An electronic survey was developed and validated to address each aim of quality care. The survey was sent by email to every Foundation Year One doctor in the Severn Deanery. New Foundation Year One doctors’ attitudes are overwhelmingly positive towards quality improvement and patient safety; however, universally, they do not feel valued and listened to. In addition, they do not feel that their previous medical education has fully equipped them to improve the quality and safety of the care they deliver to their patients. Foundation Year One doctors represent a large, intelligent and enthusiastic workforce and in an environment where quality is now accepted as paramount, harnessing their potential through better quality improvement training could prove advantageous to all National Health Service stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"47 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215585270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215591765b
J. Mead
{"title":"Mother’s claim for Psychiatric Injury Fails:Gemma Powell v St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust (High Court, 10 December 2014 – Judge Simon Brown QC)","authors":"J. Mead","doi":"10.1177/1356262215591765b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215591765b","url":null,"abstract":"This judgment is a clear demonstration of the fact that the claimant must prove her case on the balance of probabilities. Her expert had made a serious allegation of dishonesty against the treating surgeon but the judge held there was no evidence to substantiate it. The judge accepted that there were non-negligent explanations for the claimant’s various misfortunes. These were undoubtedly serious and unfortunate but they did not originate from surgical negligence.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"15 1","pages":"56 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215591765b","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215591765
J. Mead
{"title":"Claim from non-patient struck out: ABC v St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, South West London and St George’s Mental Health NHS Trust and Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (High Court, 19 May 2015 – Nicol J)","authors":"J. Mead","doi":"10.1177/1356262215591765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215591765","url":null,"abstract":"The trusts applied to strike out this claim on the basis that there was no reasonable prospect of the claimant establishing that it would be fair, just or reasonable to impose a duty of care in the circumstances. The judge made an anonymity order in relation to the claimant, her father and daughter but not in respect of the trusts involved. In 2007, the claimant’s father (F) shot and killed the claimant’s mother. He was convicted of manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility and detained at a clinic run by the second defendant. In 2009, it was suspected that he was suffering from Huntington’s disease and he was referred to St George’s Hospital, the responsibility of the first defendant. He had also been seen by a social worker employed by the third defendant. In November 2009, it was confirmed that F did indeed have Huntington’s disease. This disease is genetic in origin and, if a parent has it, there is a 50% chance that his or her child will do so too. Various health professionals therefore sought F’s consent to disclose the diagnosis to his daughter, the claimant, who was pregnant at the time. F refused permission. In January 2013, the claimant herself was diagnosed with the same condition but it was too early to tell whether her daughter (C) also had the disease.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"53 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215591765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215580224
M. Simsekler, Alan J. Card, K. Ruggeri, James R. Ward, P. Clarkson
{"title":"A comparison of the methods used to support risk identification for patient safety in one UK NHS foundation trust","authors":"M. Simsekler, Alan J. Card, K. Ruggeri, James R. Ward, P. Clarkson","doi":"10.1177/1356262215580224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215580224","url":null,"abstract":"In healthcare, various methods are available to support risk identification in risk management process. However, there is no clear evidence on their contribution to risk identification. In this study, different methods used to support risk identification were therefore analysed to compare their contribution to overall risk identification. The study was conducted at Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, UK. Three main methods were selected to compare their support in risk identification: incident reports through their Risk Management Information System, risk registers through their Risk Registers system, and safety walkabouts through their internal patient safety assessment process. Where possible, simple comparison tests were run between the different methods of identifying risks as well as by the type of risks identified. It was found that each method has contributed to the risk identification by adding different sets of risk sources despite some overlaps. However, they produced discrete assessments from different aspects and none of them, on its own, could produce adequate results for effective risk identification. In any healthcare setting, having a system to put all risk information in one picture would help maximise the contribution of each method within the scope risk management process. Future studies may benefit from broader use of multiple and system-based risk identification approaches, and coding methods for more powerful analytical test.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"37 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215580224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65476783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical riskPub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1177/1356262215591765a
J. Mead
{"title":"Insufficient evidence of negligence by gynaecologist: G v County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust (High Court, 30 July 2014 – Sir David Eady)","authors":"J. Mead","doi":"10.1177/1356262215591765a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1356262215591765a","url":null,"abstract":"some bearing on the killing. Although the conviction of manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility implied acceptance that F was, at least in 2007, suffering from a disease of the mind, that did not mean that he lacked capacity to give or withhold his consent to his daughter being told of the diagnosis. The Mental Capacity Act 2005 states that a person is assumed to have capacity until the contrary is established. Capacity is to be determined by issue. Although the claimant pleaded that she was undergoing family therapy with the defendants, the court was not persuaded that this significantly affected the viability of her case. None of the defendants were obliged to disclose to some family members information, which they held under a duty of confidence to another family member. The duty of care which the claimant was trying to construct was entirely novel. On the other hand, the defendants pointed to authorities which strongly suggested that no such duty would be owed. For example, in D v East Berkshire NHS Trust [2005] 2 AC 373, the House of Lords dismissed claims from parents wrongly suspected of child abuse in situations where their children were the patients. This was not a case where the claimant could show that a novel duty of care would be but an incremental development from some well-established duty. It would, on the contrary, be a radical departure to impose liability in circumstances such as these. The submission that there was a special relationship between the defendants and the claimant would be rejected. Cumulatively, the defendants’ submissions provided a formidable argument as to why it would not be fair, just or reasonable to find a duty of care of the type for which the claimant contended. While there had been numerous judicial warnings about the caution which must be exercised before striking out a claim at the pleadings stage, if it was plain and certain that the pleaded facts did not disclose a reasonable cause of action, it was to the advantage of all concerned that the claim should not proceed to what would be a costly but inevitably fruitless trial. The court had reached the clear conclusion that this was how the claimant’s cause of action in negligence should be described. The claim was bound to fail and should be struck out. The claimant had added a claim under the Human Rights Act (Article 8 – right to respect for private and family life) as an afterthought. The trusts argued that even assuming Article 8 was engaged, any interference would plainly be justified under Article 8 (2). For all the reasons set out in the context of the common law claim, the balance came down decisively against the claimant. The convention did not assist her. It followed that the application to strike out was successful. Elizabeth-Anne Gumbel QC and Henry Witcomb (instructed by Field Fisher) appeared for the claimant. Philip Havers QC (instructed by Capsticks) appeared for the defendants.","PeriodicalId":89664,"journal":{"name":"Clinical risk","volume":"21 1","pages":"54 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1356262215591765a","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65477310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}