Journal of prenatal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Congenital megaurethra in a fetus with Meckel syndrome and in a fetus with female pseudoermanphroditism. The first report of these occurrences.","authors":"Letizia Di Meglio,&nbsp;Laura Letizia Mazzarelli,&nbsp;Amedeo Boscaino,&nbsp;Dino Cancemi,&nbsp;Franco Morelli,&nbsp;Maria Concetta Lonardo,&nbsp;Valeria Lonardo,&nbsp;Patrizia Friso,&nbsp;Carmine Spampanato,&nbsp;Maria Urciuoli,&nbsp;Marialuisa Ventruto,&nbsp;Valerio Ventruto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>the purpose of this paper is to report the first case of megaurethra in a fetus with Meckel syndrome and in a fetus with femal pseudoermaphroditism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the former case refers to a fetus of 13 weeks gestation with the three following prominent anomalies, observed by transonic scan and confirmed by autopsy: congenital megaurethra, anal atresia, single umbelical artery. The latter case refers to a fetus of 18 weeks gestation. Autopsy confirmed penile malformation and revealed ovaries in the abdomen. The karyotype was 46,XX with normal molecular karytype. The megaurethra was discovered by sonography at 18 weeks gestation. Autopsy confirmed penile malformation and revealed ovaries in the abdomen. The karyotype was 46,XX with normal molecular karyotype (Array-CGH, 1 Mb of resolution).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>transonic scan, autopsy, karyotype, array-CGH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the first prenatal cases of two genetic syndromes with megaurethra have been reported, concening respectively a fetus with Meckel syndrome and a fetus with femal pseudoermaphroditism. The latter was confirmed by both autopsy and the normal female 46,XX karyotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 3-4","pages":"42-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510562/pdf/42-46.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33916231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tubal primary metastatic choriocarcinoma coexistent with a viable early pregnancy: a case report.","authors":"Stefano Cianci,&nbsp;Salvatore Giovanni Vitale,&nbsp;Roberto Tozzi,&nbsp;Pietro Cignini,&nbsp;Francesco Padula,&nbsp;Laura D'Emidio,&nbsp;Lucia Mangiafico,&nbsp;Claudio Giorlandino,&nbsp;Luigi Frigerio,&nbsp;Diego Rossetti,&nbsp;Salvatore Caruso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>fallopian tube choriocarcinoma coexistent with viable intrauterine pregnancy is an extremely rare condition.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>we present the first case reported in literature of tubal choriocarcinoma coexistent with viable intrauterine pregnancy detected at early gestational age (20 weeks) and successfully managed by seriate monitoring of maternal and fetal health status until 31 weeks, then treated by cesarean section followed by etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine (EMA-CO) chemotherapy protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the outcome was favorable for both the mother and her fetus.</p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 3-4","pages":"47-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510563/pdf/47-49.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33982394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between modified Misgav-Ladach and Pfannenstiel-Kerr techniques for Cesarean section: review of literature.","authors":"Salvatore Giovanni Vitale,&nbsp;Ilaria Marilli,&nbsp;Pietro Cignini,&nbsp;Francesco Padula,&nbsp;Laura D'Emidio,&nbsp;Lucia Mangiafico,&nbsp;Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda,&nbsp;Ferdinando Antonio Gulino,&nbsp;Stefano Cianci,&nbsp;Antonio Biondi,&nbsp;Claudio Giorlandino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last decades cesarean section rates increased in many countries becoming the most performed intraperitoneal surgical procedure. Despite its worldwide spread, a general consensus on the most appropriate technique to use has not yet been reached. The operative technique performed is made chiefly on the basis of the individual experience and preference of operators, the characteristics of patients, timing and urgency of intervention. We compared the two most known and used techniques, modified Misgav-Ladach and traditional Pfannenstiel-Kerr, and analyzed their impact on primary, short- and long-term outcomes and outcome related to health service use. </p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 3-4","pages":"36-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4510561/pdf/36-41.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33916232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of C - reactive protein as an indicator for prognosis of premature uterine contractions.","authors":"Bayar M Najat Nakishbandy,&nbsp;Sabat A M Barawi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>high concentrations of maternal C-reactive protein have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, and premature uterine contraction may be predicted by elevated levels of C-reactive protein. This may ultimately be simple and cost-effective enough to introduce as a low-risk screening program.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>an observational case control study was performed from May 1st, 2010 to December 1st, 2010 at Maternity Teaching Hospital-Erbil/ Kurdistan Region/ Iraq. The sample size was (200) cases. Hundred of them were presented with premature uterine contractions at 24(+0)-36(+6) weeks. The other hundred were control group at same gestational ages. The level of C-reactive protein was determined in both groups and both groups were followed till delivery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(93) out of (100) women with premature uterine contractions had elevated level of C-Reactive protein and 91% delivered prematurely while in the control group only (9) out of (100) women had elevated level of C-reactive protein and only 8% of them delivered preterm. Differences were statistically highly significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>C-reactive protein can be used as a biomarker in prediction of premature delivery when it is associated with premature uterine contractions. As well it can be used as a screening test to detect cases that are at risk of premature delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 1-2","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4186998/pdf/25-30.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32709662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the next generation sequencing in genomic amnio and villuos sampling. The so called \"Next Generation Prenatal Diagnosis\" (NGPD).","authors":"C. Giorlandino, A. Mesoraca, D. Bizzoco, C. Dello Russo, Antonella Cima, Gianluca Di Giacomo, P. Cignini, F. Padula, N. Dugo, L. D'emidio, C. Brizzi, R. Raffio, V. Milite, L. Mangiafico, C. Coco, O. Carcioppolo, R. Vigna, M. Mastrandrea, L. Mobili","doi":"10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 30 years, invasive prenatal diagnosis has predominantly involved research into chromosomal anomalies, in particular Down’s Syndrome (1). In the last 10 years, parents have been requesting ever more information during pregnancy (2,3) and there has been an increase in the number of cases with ultrasound markers concerning possible fetal complications of unknown origin. This has led to the introduction of prenatal diagnosis and increasingly detailed techniques such as CGH Array (4-6). These techniques have become standard diagnostic practice in cases where the ultrasound scan provides a conflicting result. However, in reality, such procedures are thought to cover only 10% of the fetal anomalies linked to genetic malformations discovered at birth (7). Prenatal diagnosis is becoming more and more detailed due to the continual legal action taken by parents regarding diagnostic ultrasound which fails to identify fetal anomalies and regarding unwanted births in general (8-10). In fact, the continuous evolution of human genetics has led to the development of extremely detailed methodologies, which are able to evaluate not only the errors in chromosomes, both “big errors” (karyotype) and “small errors” (microdeletions, microduplications), but also gene mutations. To date, approximately 19,000 coding genes contained in the human exome have been identified. The recent introduction of NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) has made it possible, in theory, to explore the entire exome and reveal every form of mutation (11-15). Therefore, it is possible, today, to open up a completely new diagnostic scenario which would have been considered impossible only a few years ago. However, if this development is not controlled, it could lead to a so-called genetic “deviation”, i.e. a genetics that could have unforeseen repercussions on the life and dignity of the individual. In fact, the risks concerning possible social, emotional and financial consequences in the family and individual is very high. The potential negative impact of prenatal genetic testing must respect the “right not to know”. The exaggeration in ever more detailed testing concerning the genetic structure of the embryo creates tension within a family. In the future, this could create genetic discrimination regarding employment or health insurance costs (16,17). Despite the fact there is theoretically no technical limit to these methodologies, it is important to establish ethical and moral guidelines, at least regarding how these new methodologies are used in prenatal diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73836387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newborns with congenital heart diseases: epidemiological data from a single reference center in Brazil.","authors":"K. P. Silva, L. Rocha, A. T. Leslie, R. Guinsburg, Célia Maria Camelo Silva, L. Nardozza, A. Moron, E. Araújo Júnior","doi":"10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.011","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE to describe the epidemiological data of the population born with the diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD); to compare diagnoses made using fetal echocardiography with the findings from postnatal echocardiography or anatomopathological examination of the heart; and to evaluate mortality among newborns that underwent surgical treatment. METHODS this was a cohort study with information gathered from the medical records of the pregnant women and their newborns diagnosed with CHD during the fetal or postnatal periods, between January 2008 and December 2012. Means, standard deviations and maximum and minimum values were calculated for the quantitative variables. Relative and absolute values were calculated for the qualitative variables. The heart malformations were categorized in four groups: complex lesions, significant lesions, minor lesions and others. RESULTS we detected postnatal incidence of CHD of 1.9% at our service. The mean maternal age was 28.3 years and 10 (21.3%) of the pregnant women were ≥ 35 years old. The mean gestational age at the time of performing the fetal echocardiogram was 27.8 weeks. Mean gestational age at delivery was 38 weeks, and the mean weight of the newborns was 2,644.5 grams. Regarding the diagnosis of CHD, there were: 23 complex lesions (39%); 15 significant lesions (26%); 10 minor lesions (17%); 4 other lesions (7%) and 6 normal anatomies (10%). The diagnosis of CHD made on the fetus and postnatally coincided in 77.6% of the cases. A total of 27 patients (60%) underwent surgery, and the outcome was neonatal death in five cases. CONCLUSION we detected postnatal incidence of CHD of 1.9%, and it was more common among older pregnant women and with late detection in the intrauterine period. Complex heart diseases predominated, thus making it difficult to have a good result regarding neonatal mortality rates.","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"11-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74498528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six consecutive false positive cases from cell-free fetal DNA testing in a single referring centre.","authors":"Nella Dugo,&nbsp;Francesco Padula,&nbsp;Luisa Mobili,&nbsp;Cristiana Brizzi,&nbsp;Laura D'Emidio,&nbsp;Pietro Cignini,&nbsp;Alvaro Mesoraca,&nbsp;Domenico Bizzoco,&nbsp;Antonella Cima,&nbsp;Claudio Giorlandino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>recent studies have proposed the introduction of cell-free fetal DNA testing (NIPT-Non Invasive Prenatal Testing) in routine clinical practice emphasizing its high sensibility and specificity. In any case, false positive and false negative findings may result from placental mosaicism, because cell-free fetal DNA originates mainly from placenta.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>WE REPORT SIX CASES OF WOMEN WHO UNDERWENT CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING (CVS) OR AMNIOCENTESIS TO CONFIRM THE RESULTS FROM NIPT: two Turner syndromes, two Triple X, one Patau syndrome, one Edward syndrome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>using classic cytogenetic analysis and, also, Array - Comparative Genomic Hybridization (Array CGH) the karyotype of all 5 fetuses was found to be normal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>results from NIPT must always be confirmed by invasive prenatal diagnosis. It is mandatory to inform the patient that the CVS and amniocentesis still represent the only form of prenatal diagnostic test available.</p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 1-2","pages":"31-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4187000/pdf/31-35.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32709665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next generation sequencing in the identification of a rare genetic disease from preconceptional couple screening to preimplantation genetic diagnosis.","authors":"C. Dello Russo, Gianluca Di Giacomo, A. Mesoraca, L. D'emidio, P. Iaconianni, Elisa Minutolo, A. Lippa, C. Giorlandino","doi":"10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.017","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION the use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in the diagnosis of rare genetic pathologies is becoming ever more widespread in clinical practice. The following study reports the first case of preimplantation diagnosis through NGS of a form of LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy. CASE REPORT a couple came to our Reproductive Medicine Centre for a preconceptional genetic consultation and for advice regarding secondary infertility. The couple already had a 3-year-old child who was suffering from a form of muscular dystrophy that has yet to be genetically defined. The disease had been diagnosed at the age of 6 months. A blood sample was taken from both parents and the child in order to analyze the DNA through the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform and an enrichment protocol, Trusight One Sequencing Panel, created by Illumina for the simultaneous sequencing of the exon regions of 4,813 clinically relevant genes. This led to the identification of 2 point mutations in the LAMA2 gene, each inherited by a parent. The couple then underwent a cycle of IVF (in vitro fertilization). A preimplantation genetic diagnosis was carried out on the embryos obtained after setting up a protocol for the analysis of a point mutation in the LAMA2 gene, (this mutation has yet to be described in literature) and the normal embryos together with the recessive LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy related carriers were transferred. There were no complications during pregnancy, which terminated with a cesarean section at 39 weeks and the birth of healthy 3430-gram baby. CONCLUSIONS given its robustness, reliability and reproducibility, NGS could also be useful in prenatal diagnosis. This technique could guarantee an ample and quick analysis of the genes involved in development, making it possible to organize medical interventions during pregnancy and after birth.","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82699417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of C - reactive protein as an indicator for prognosis of premature uterine contractions.","authors":"Bayar M Najat Nakishbandy, S. Barawi","doi":"10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/JPM/2014.8.1.025","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES high concentrations of maternal C-reactive protein have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, and premature uterine contraction may be predicted by elevated levels of C-reactive protein. This may ultimately be simple and cost-effective enough to introduce as a low-risk screening program. PATIENTS AND METHODS an observational case control study was performed from May 1st, 2010 to December 1st, 2010 at Maternity Teaching Hospital-Erbil/ Kurdistan Region/ Iraq. The sample size was (200) cases. Hundred of them were presented with premature uterine contractions at 24(+0)-36(+6) weeks. The other hundred were control group at same gestational ages. The level of C-reactive protein was determined in both groups and both groups were followed till delivery. RESULTS (93) out of (100) women with premature uterine contractions had elevated level of C-Reactive protein and 91% delivered prematurely while in the control group only (9) out of (100) women had elevated level of C-reactive protein and only 8% of them delivered preterm. Differences were statistically highly significant. CONCLUSION C-reactive protein can be used as a biomarker in prediction of premature delivery when it is associated with premature uterine contractions. As well it can be used as a screening test to detect cases that are at risk of premature delivery.","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82538747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newborns with congenital heart diseases: epidemiological data from a single reference center in Brazil.","authors":"Karina Peres Silva,&nbsp;Luciane Alves Rocha,&nbsp;Ana Teresa Figueiredo Stochero Leslie,&nbsp;Ruth Guinsburg,&nbsp;Célia Maria Camelo Silva,&nbsp;Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza,&nbsp;Antonio Fernandes Moron,&nbsp;Edward Araujo Júnior","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>to describe the epidemiological data of the population born with the diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD); to compare diagnoses made using fetal echocardiography with the findings from postnatal echocardiography or anatomopathological examination of the heart; and to evaluate mortality among newborns that underwent surgical treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>this was a cohort study with information gathered from the medical records of the pregnant women and their newborns diagnosed with CHD during the fetal or postnatal periods, between January 2008 and December 2012. Means, standard deviations and maximum and minimum values were calculated for the quantitative variables. Relative and absolute values were calculated for the qualitative variables. The heart malformations were categorized in four groups: complex lesions, significant lesions, minor lesions and others.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>we detected postnatal incidence of CHD of 1.9% at our service. The mean maternal age was 28.3 years and 10 (21.3%) of the pregnant women were ≥ 35 years old. The mean gestational age at the time of performing the fetal echocardiogram was 27.8 weeks. Mean gestational age at delivery was 38 weeks, and the mean weight of the newborns was 2,644.5 grams. Regarding the diagnosis of CHD, there were: 23 complex lesions (39%); 15 significant lesions (26%); 10 minor lesions (17%); 4 other lesions (7%) and 6 normal anatomies (10%). The diagnosis of CHD made on the fetus and postnatally coincided in 77.6% of the cases. A total of 27 patients (60%) underwent surgery, and the outcome was neonatal death in five cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>we detected postnatal incidence of CHD of 1.9%, and it was more common among older pregnant women and with late detection in the intrauterine period. Complex heart diseases predominated, thus making it difficult to have a good result regarding neonatal mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":89592,"journal":{"name":"Journal of prenatal medicine","volume":"8 1-2","pages":"11-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4186997/pdf/11-16.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32709660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}