Nidhi P Kulkarni, Clement C Zai, Kody G Kennedy, Megan Mio, L Trevor Young, Bradley J MacIntosh, Benjamin I Goldstein
{"title":"Neurostructural Correlates of Polygenic Risk for Coronary Artery Disease in Relation to Youth Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Nidhi P Kulkarni, Clement C Zai, Kody G Kennedy, Megan Mio, L Trevor Young, Bradley J MacIntosh, Benjamin I Goldstein","doi":"10.1111/bdi.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD), characterized by anomalous neurostructural phenotypes, is also strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Here we examined polygenic risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in relation to gray matter structure in youth BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Youth participants (mean age 17.1 years; n = 66 BD, n = 45 healthy controls [HC]) underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. CAD polygenic risk scores (CAD-PRS) were calculated using independent, adult genome-wide summary statistics. Covariate-adjusted vertex-wise analyses examined the association of CAD-PRS with cortical volume, thickness, and surface area (SA) in the overall sample, and within BD and HC groups. Additional region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were conducted to examine the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), amygdala, and hippocampus. Exploratory sex-stratified analyses were also undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the overall sample, higher CAD-PRS was associated with lower right inferior temporal gyrus volume (β = -0.32, p = 0.03). There were also negative associations between CAD-PRS and brain structure within BD (5 cortical thickness clusters) and HC (1 SA cluster). Within the BD group, sex-stratified analyses revealed significant findings for females, but not for males. ROI analyses revealed a nominal association of higher CAD-PRS with lower ACC thickness in the BD group (β = -0.31, p<sub>uncorrected</sub> = 0.05, p<sub>corrected</sub> = 0.20).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher CAD-PRS was associated with lower regional gray matter structure in youth, in regions implicated in BD. Findings were more pronounced in the BD group, particularly among females, and related to cortical thickness specifically. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine the association of CAD-PRS with neurodevelopmental changes over time and to discern mechanisms underlying the observed findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8959,"journal":{"name":"Bipolar Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mood Stabilizers (Lamotrigine, Lithium, and Valproic Acid) Decrease Bipolar Disease Model (Ouabain)-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Through the Inhibition of the TRPM2 Channel in Neuronal Cells.","authors":"Esra Nur Kaplan, İbrahim Eren, Mustafa Nazıroğlu","doi":"10.1111/bdi.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disease (BD) has been strongly associated with the etiologies of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), apoptosis, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx. With the exception of BD, a number of neurological disorders have been linked to apoptosis and neuronal death mediated by mROS-dependent activated TRPM2 channel stimulation. Lamotrigine (LMT), lithium (Li), and valproic acid (VPA) are mood stabilizers in BD, and they have strong antioxidant roles. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying LMT, Li, and VPA neuroprotection through TRPM2 channel inhibiton remain elusive in BD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We evaluated the protective actions of LMT, Li, and VPA on BD (ouabain, OUA)-induced oxidative neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells by modulating TRPM2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SH-SY5Y cells were divided into nine groups as follows: control, Li, VPA, LMT, OUA, OUA + Li, OUA + VPA, LMT + VPA, and OUA + TRPM2 antagonists (N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid or carvacrol).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OUA exposure and TRPM2 agonist (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and ADP-ribose)-induced TRPM2 stimulation and TRPM2 current densities were downregulated by the treatments of TRPM2 antagonist, Li, VPA, and LMT. The OUA-induced upregulations of mROS, cytosolic ROS, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, apoptosis, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, cell death, and caspase-3, -8, and -9 values were also downregulated through the increases of cell viability, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase by the treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The treatments of Li, VPA, and LMT modulate OUA-mediated mROS, apoptosis, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, glutathione, and TRPM2-mediated excess Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx. This could potentially offer protection against BD linked to elevated levels of mROS, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, and Zn<sup>2+</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8959,"journal":{"name":"Bipolar Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Dean, Elizabeth Scarr, Susan L Rossell, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
{"title":"Changes in the Blood Transcriptome Highlights Disturbed Peripheral Biochemical Homeostasis in Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Brian Dean, Elizabeth Scarr, Susan L Rossell, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen","doi":"10.1111/bdi.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Studies have reported changes in the transcriptome in the brain and blood from people with bipolar disorders (BD). We completed this study to test the hypothesis that there would be changes in the blood transcriptome that would mirror cortical changes in RNA levels in BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Levels of RNA were measured in blood from 19 people with BD and 19 controls using Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST Arrays. Significant differences in levels of RNA with diagnosis were identified using JMP Genomics 9.0, and the potential biological impact of changes in RNA was investigated using the Panther Classification System.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Levels of RNA for 19,473 coding and non-coding RNAs were detected. Compared to controls, there were changes in levels of 98 (65 with higher levels than controls) coding and non-coding RNAs at the criteria of fold ≥ ±20% and p < 0.05 in BD. The changes in levels of RNA were predicted to impact toll-like receptor function and Wnt signalling, response to virus, cell-cell signalling, and protein metabolic processing as well as post-synaptic organisation, dendritic spine morphogenesis, and pattern recognition receptor signalling pathways. Four of the RNAs found to be altered in blood in this study were also found to be altered in our previous study of the cortical transcriptome using tissue of people with BD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This, and other studies, suggest changes in the blood transcriptome are affecting peripheral biochemical homeostasis in BD and some of the changes are present in the cortex of those with the disorder. Therefore, it could be possible that changes in the blood transcriptome in people with BD could contain diagnostic or theranostic markers for the disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":8959,"journal":{"name":"Bipolar Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuel Gardea-Resendez, Manuel Fuentes-Salgado, Francisco Romo-Nava, Miguel L Prieto, David J Bond, Aysegul Ozerdem, Hannah K Betcher, Katherine M Moore, Melissa Solares-Bravo, Mete Ercis, Alessandro Miola, Jorge A Sanchez-Ruiz, Marin Veldic, Balwinder Singh, Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza, Brandon J Coombes, Joanna M Biernacka, Susan L McElroy, Monica J Taylor-Desir, Mark A Frye
{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Social Determinants of Health in Bipolar Disorder: Exploring Gender-Related Differences.","authors":"Manuel Gardea-Resendez, Manuel Fuentes-Salgado, Francisco Romo-Nava, Miguel L Prieto, David J Bond, Aysegul Ozerdem, Hannah K Betcher, Katherine M Moore, Melissa Solares-Bravo, Mete Ercis, Alessandro Miola, Jorge A Sanchez-Ruiz, Marin Veldic, Balwinder Singh, Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza, Brandon J Coombes, Joanna M Biernacka, Susan L McElroy, Monica J Taylor-Desir, Mark A Frye","doi":"10.1111/bdi.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the clinical impact of social determinants of health (SDoH) stress in bipolar disorder (BD) course of illness and to explore potential gender differences in SDoH stress endorsement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>2280 individuals living with BD type I or II (62% women; 67.5% BD-I) participating in the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Biobank who completed a questionnaire assessing positive and negative-valent stressors in the 12 months prior to study enrollment were included for this analysis. Six negative stressors were used as proxies of SDoH. Generalized linear models were used to test the association between SDoH stressors and markers of illness severity as well as potential differences by sex by including an interaction term.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for age, sex, and recruitment site, SDoH-related stressors were significantly associated with a more severe course of illness in both men and women. Except for unemployment rates, women reported more frequently SDoH-related stress (i.e., lack of family support, financial problems, health coverage and access problems).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found significant gender differences in both the endorsement of specific SDoH stressors and in the prevalence of specific illness severity markers; however, it did not directly test the predictive relationship between gender differences in SDoH and illness severity markers. Future studies aiming to achieve health equity in mental health care should continue assessing social determinants of health stressors, incorporating a gender perspective to better understand their influence on bipolar disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":8959,"journal":{"name":"Bipolar Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}