Journal of biomedical graphics and computing最新文献

{"title":"Remission of diffusion lesions in acute stroke magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"F. Fellner, M. Vosko, C. Fellner, D. Flöry","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N2P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N2P1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The mismatch concept in stroke magnetic resonance (MR) is based on the assumption that diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) indicates infarct core representing irreversibly damaged tissue. However, this thesis has not been proven yet in a large patient cohort. On the other hand, some publications report cases with possible remission of lesions at DWI. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze temporal evolution of restricted diffusion at follow up MR imaging and analyze clinical and imaging features of cases with remission of DWI lesions. Methods and Materials: 176 consecutive stroke patients (within 12 months) demonstrating restricted diffusion at initial MR examination were evaluated. Extension of diffusion restriction was judged both on initial MR as well as on follow-up after 24 hours. Changes in lesion extension were assessed by two experienced neuroradiologists in consensus. Results: Extension of lesions with restricted diffusion at follow up MR was identical to the initial scan in 104/176 patients (59.1%) and increased in 66/176 (37.5%). The lesion size was decreased (meaning partial remission of the lesion) in 6/176 (3.4%); none of the lesions showed complete remission. All six patients with partial remission of DWI lesions underwent early i.v. thrombolysis and demonstrated excellent clinical outcome. In one case out of the six cases with remission of DWI lesions, the DWI lesions demonstrated a re-increase in size after the first follow up examination, seen at late follow-up. Conclusion: Our findings prove the existing assumption that diffusion restriction represents the infarct core, which may remain unchanged or increase in volume over time, indicating an accuracy of almost 97%. Partial resolution of DWI lesions is extremely rare and usually associated with early i.v. thrombolysis and favourable clinical outcome.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N2P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild encephalopathy with reversible lesion of the splenium caused by infectious endocarditis","authors":"R. Wunn, C. Fellner, F. Fellner","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P47","url":null,"abstract":"Mild encephalopathy with reversible lesion of the splenium of corpus callosum is a rare disease revealing mild neurological symptoms, such as disturbance, ataxia, vertigo and in some cases headache. Magnetic resonance signal alterations in the splenium of the corpus callosum can be found in patients suffering from different diseases, mostly viral infections, but also seizures, antiepileptic drug therapy, bacterial infections, hypoglycaemia, Wernicke encephalopathy, Marchiafava Bignami disease, hemolytic uremic syndrome, acute urinary retention, and acute axonal trauma. We report a 32-year old man admitted to our hospital with fever and vomiting. In the neurological examination he presented with mild dizziness and confusion. Until that time no cardiac symptoms had been reported. Due to the neurological symptoms an MR scan of the brain was performed visualizing an area of restricted diffusion with a diameter of 7 mm located in the central portion of the splenium of the corpus callosum being hyperintense on Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo images. Furthermore, multiple punctate lesions with similar appearance on diffusion weighted imaging were found in both hemispheres suspicious of embolic ischemic etiology. Consecutive transesophageal echocardiography revealed endocarditis of the mitral valve. Transient lesions of the splenium recovering within a month are not specific and there is a wide range of differential diagnoses. They may indicate severe disease despite of initially mild neurological symptoms. Pathophysiology of these lesions is not clearly understood yet, even if there exist some – however not proven – theories, such as rapidly resolving intramyelinic edema or influx of inflammatory cells associated with cytotoxic edema.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P47","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifocal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in the abdomen","authors":"C. Müller, T. Bernig, W. Barthlen","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P42","url":null,"abstract":"A17 year old so far healthy young man presented with upper abdominal pain. Imaging with sonography, MRT and PET-CT demonstrated three solid tumors in the duodenal mesentery, pancreatic corpus and tail and on the upper pole of the left kidney. Open biopsy of the mesenterial tumor revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor which was ALK-1 negative. Chemotherapy with vincristine, actinomycin D and cyclophosphamide was initiated and the imaging control after 4 cycles exhibited morphological and functional regression at all 3 tumor locations. Surgery in curative intention was now performed and the tumors in the mesentery and the kidney were totally resected. The pancreas looked macroscopically normal and only biopsies were taken. Histology showed regressive fibrosis at all sites and no malignancy. The young man  has now  been well for six months and follow-up imaging showed no sign of recurrence so far.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional MRI demonstrates pain perception in hand osteoarthritis has features of central pain processing.","authors":"Nidhi Sofat, Cori Smee, Monika Hermansson, Matthew Howard, Emma H Baker, Franklyn A Howe, Thomas R Barrick","doi":"10.5430/jbgc.v3n4p20","DOIUrl":"10.5430/jbgc.v3n4p20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is typified by pain and reduced function. We hypothesised that people with HOA have enhanced sensitivity and activation of peripheral nociceptors in the hand, thereby potentiating chronic pain. In our study we aimed to assess if central sensitisation mediates pain perception in osteoarthritis of the hand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with proximal and distal interphalangeal joint (PIP/DIP) HOA and non-OA controls were recruited. Clinical pain scores using the visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded before and after performing a painful hand task. Central pain processing was evaluated with functional brain neuroimaging (fMRI) using a finger flexion-extension (FFE) task performed over 3 minutes. Data was analysed with FMRIB software (www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl). Group mean activation of functional MRI signal between hand osteoarthritis and control non-arthritic participants was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our group of hand OA participants reported high pain levels compared with non-arthritic controls as demonstrated by the mean VAS in hand OA participants of 59.31± 8.19 mm compared to 4.00 ± 1.89 mm in controls (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), despite all participants reporting analgesic use. Functional MRI analysis showed increased activation in the thalamus, cingulate, frontal and somatosensory cortex in the hand OA group but not in controls (thresholded at <i>p</i> < 0.05). Regions of activation were mapped to Brodmann areas 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 22, 24 and 44. Activated regions found in our study are recognised higher brain pain processing centres implicated in central sensitisation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People with hand osteoarthritis demonstrated features of central sensitisation that was evident after a finger flexion-extension task using functional MRI. Functional MRI is a useful biomarker in detecting pain in hand osteoarthritis and could be used in future hand osteoarthritis pain studies to evaluate pain modulation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842594/pdf/emss-55674.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31918173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the rectum","authors":"Saika Sharmeen, Sherry M. Zakhary, G. Torres","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P37","url":null,"abstract":"This radiology case report describes an elderly female patient diagnosed with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Although these tumors frequently occur in the gastrointestinal tract (~70%), they are relatively rare in the rectum (~0.1%). Computed tomography (CT) scans showed a tumor invading the rectal wall, radiating laterally into the posterior vaginal wall with well-defined focal necrosis around the lesions. Abdomino-perineal resection and posterior vaginectomy followed by histological and immunocytochemical analyses of biopsied tissue verified further the presence of a high grade GIST using primary antibodies directed against CD 117 and CD 34. These data support the hypothesis that GISTs are pathologically related to mutations in receptors for tyrosine kinase pathways, and suggest that elderly individuals might be at risk for developing ectopic forms of GISTs.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous retrieval of sequential non-declarative information: New software-based neuropsychological test and algorithmic implementation of cognitive dissonance principles in serial ordering","authors":"J. Gomes, H. Akiba, Pedro C. Furtado, Raul Ando Raul Ando, Mauri Aparecido de Oliveira, Á. Dias","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P27","url":null,"abstract":"Context : The principles behind the process of creating new, spontaneous sequences out of previously ordered non- declarative stimuli have been scarcely addressed and, for such reason, remain highly unknown. Objective : This paper has four interconnected goals: (1) introduce a new software-based neuropsychological test that can be used as a mean to assess key aspects of the way people order and reorder non-declarative stimuli, based upon cognitive dissonance principles; (2) introduce a mathematical approach to the latter in ordering/re-ordering of non-declarative stimuli; (3) assess whether the principles of cognitive dissonance in ordering/re-ordering hold for a cohort of young adults with upper socio-economic level; (4) access the extent to which the same holds for children and adolescents and trace a curve of maturation of cognitive dissonance in ordering/re-ordering. Methods : Our multi-age and multi-language social Network Test has two stages, first subjects must order figures representing human faces in accordance with their preference; next, different pairs of figures are automatically provided and each subject is asked to fulfill the intermediate arrays that are assumed to interconnect the original pair. Our mathematical model is centered around the relation defined by increases in the distance separating these different pairs of figures in the initial order (distances 1, 5 and 11) and related increases in the mean number of intermediate arrays placed in the re-ordering phase; 105 subjects were tested. Results : The tendency to produce reorders that are consonant to the one produced in the initial phase increases with age (in other words: people feel that there are more intermediate arrays between any two individuals to which they attribute divergent affect than the contrary). This trend inspired us to propose a cognitive dissonance index in spontaneous ordering/reordering of non-declarative stimuli, which may formalize the operation of a previously unknown cognitive dimension of the human mind and may serve as an index of cognitive maturation. To the extent that further studies endorse these perspectives, the tests, formulas, and theoretical principals may support new diagnostic methods and explorations in cognitive science.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of FDG-PET scans at diagnosis in small cell lung cancer","authors":"R. Said, J. Koshy, S. Rizk, Raymond El-Soueidi, P. Friscia, Arnold I Brenner","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is one of the most aggressive solid tumors. The predictive and prognostic role of positron emission tomography (PET) scans in SCLC is under investigation and is yet to be determined. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between overall survival and 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose- PET (FDG-PET) results at diagnosis. We also introduced the concept of the total standardized uptake value (SUV) as a possible biomarker for the total burden disease. In addition, we proposed a new staging concept using PET scan based on whether tumor uptake is or is not limited to parenchymal hemithorax. Results: Between March 2004 and February 2009, 46 patients with histologically confirmed SCLC were included in the analysis. Thirty patients were found to have Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status ≤ 2, and most (65%, n = 30) of them had limited stage disease using conventional clinical staging criteria. There was a fair correlation between PET results and conventional staging by CT scan (kappa = 0.330). Although there was a trend toward upstaging by PET, it was not predictive of survival. There was a direct correlation between total SUV and maximum SUV and overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.003 and 1.085, respectively). Conclusion: PET scan results at diagnosis could play an important role in the management of SCLC. Total SUV could represent a good biomarker for the disease burden in SCLC. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the application of total SUV in SCLC.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P21","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental virtual biopsy: 3D-US hemodynamics of normal pregnancy versus gestational diabetes","authors":"Juan Troyano-Luque, O. Ferrer-Roca, M. Barco-Marcellán, Ingrid Martínez Wallin, T. Pérez-Medina, A. Padilla-Pérez, M. A. D. L. Rosa","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P10","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We used three-dimensional ultrasound with trans-abdominal Power-Doppler (3D-US PD) to determine placental vascular evolution in normal pregnancies (NP) and in insulin-dependent Gestational Diabetes Pregnancies (GDP). Study design: We obtained 473 measurements from 43 NP at 20 weeks -40 weeks gestation and 122 measurements from 70 insulin-dependent GDP at 22 weeks -40 weeks. Standardization was achieved recording three successive placental vascular tree volumes, measuring the spherical volume between the chorionic and basal plates always under or near funicular insertion. Parameters analysed were: mean intensity of blood flow (Flow Index, FI); percentage of volume occupied by vessels (Vascularisation Index, VI); and intensity of blood flow in the volume occupied by vessels (Vascularisation-flow index, VFI). Results: In NP, FI increased throughout early pregnancy and decreased before delivery and correlated with fetal parameters. In contrast, in GDP, FI was high from the onset, better correlated with placental parameters, and had a diagnostic cutoff value of 45, which was only found in 7% of NP at the end of the pregnancy. VI was variable and had a low diagnostic value, being related to placental parameters; VI values were significantly lower in NP ( 17.4 ± 7.4%) than in GDP (21 ± 12%) with a diagnostic cutoff point at 31%. In NP, FI-peak was at 32 weeks, two weeks after the VI-peak, while VFI showed no significant differences. Conclusions: The results showed that placental blood flow (FI) was related to fetal circulation, while the percentage of vessels per volume (VI) was related to maternal circulation. 3D-US PD indicated a diagnosis of GDP for FI > 45 and VI > 30%. We also discuss the values of change in VI that predict changes in fetal FI.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A neurofibromatosis type 2 case with vestibular, trigeminal and facial schwannomas: Magnetic resonance imaging findings","authors":"S. Akay, B. Battal, S. Hamcan, K. Kara, M. Taşar","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P6","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibromatosis type 2 is characterized by the development of multiple nervous system tumors. This disorder is also called multiple inherited schwannomas, meningiomas, and ependymomas syndrome. In this report, we discuss the magnetic resonance imaging findings in a patient with Neurofibromatosis type 2 who had right and left vestibular and trigeminal schwannomas, unilateral facial schwannoma, multiple meningiomas, and cervical intramedullary spinal cord tumors.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic determination using optical coherence tomography compared with visual functions in optic neuritis","authors":"K. Kitthaweesin, Plern Sutra","doi":"10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The majority of optic neuritis patients often notice improvement and gain stability of their visual functions, however, evidences of ongoing retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning have been reported. Purposes: To investigate the correlation between RNFL thickness measured with Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual function tests and to determine the utility of OCT in visual prognostic assessment of optic neuritis. Method: A prospective study was performed in 12 patients with acute isolated optic neuritis. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Swedish interactive threshold algorithms (SITA) 30-2 strategy on Humphrey field analyzer, and fast RNFL thickness analysis were performed on both affected and fellow eyes at baseline, 1.5, three and six months. Results: Mean BCVA and average mean deviation (MD) of the affected eye were significantly different from the fellow eyes at baseline. Affected eyes had significant thinner of RNFL at baseline, 1.5, three, and six months. Significant correlations between (i) mean RNFL thickness and BCVA at 1.5 ( r = 0.707, p = .010), (ii) mean RNFL thickness and MD at 1.5 months ( r = 0.674, p = .016) and six months( r = 0.710, p = .032), (iii) mean RNFL thickness at 1.5 months and MD at six months ( r = 0.782, p = .013). Conclusion: A correlation between RNFL thickness and visual function tests indicates that OCT might have roles in detection and prediction of RNFL damage in Optic neuritis (ON) patients despite no evidence of MS.","PeriodicalId":89580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical graphics and computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5430/JBGC.V4N1P1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71214521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}