Trastornos adictivos最新文献

{"title":"Trastornos adictivos 2.0","authors":"A. Verdejo-García","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(12)70036-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(12)70036-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(12)70036-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuestas","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70035-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70035-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 176-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70035-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136937794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis de las diferencias en el perfil y patrón de consumo de drogas de hombres y mujeres que asisten a fiestas rave","authors":"F. Fernández-Calderón ,&nbsp;O.M. Lozano-Rojas ,&nbsp;I. Bilbao-Acedos ,&nbsp;A.J. Rojas-Tejada ,&nbsp;C. Vidal-Giné ,&nbsp;E. Vergara-Moragues ,&nbsp;F. González-Saiz","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70033-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70033-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Population studies show differential drug consumption between male and female. Some studies point to rave as an androgynous culture, where gender differences disappear. Nonetheless, in this context, empirical evidences on differential patterns of drug use by gender are scarce. The purpose of this study is to analyze differences in drug use patterns and sociodemographic profile between male and female who attend raves.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>Two hundred and fifty-two people who went to raves in Andalucía (Spain) were interviewed. It was administered a questionnaire to collect information on use patterns of 15 different drugs and sociodemographic profile.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results show a high substance and polysubstance use between ravers. No significant differences by gender were found in drug use patterns or sociodemographic profile. The average number of drug consumed for male “some time in their lives” were 9.9, versus 9.5 for female. In the last month, 7.3 versus 6.9, and last rave, 5 versus 4.9.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Opposite to what it happens in general population, where drug use prevalence of male is higher than female, this study haven't found significant differences by gender. This fact must be considered in order to design risk and harm reduction preventive strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70033-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resultados de efectividad de un grupo de estrategias de afrontamiento para pacientes dependientes de sustancias en el contexto de un hospital de día","authors":"O. Torrents ,&nbsp;A. Mora ,&nbsp;L. Massana ,&nbsp;A. Robert ,&nbsp;A. Tejero","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70029-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70029-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The objective of the present study is to show the results in terms of effectiveness of the application of a coping behaviour group in psychoactive substance addicts in an out-patient hospital environment with the aim of providing the maintenance of abstinence.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>The sample of this study is composed of 38 subjects who attended a 12 session program. In order to assess the effectiveness of this treatment, The Cuestionario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento adapted from Coping Behaviours Inventory has been applied, and also the Global Clinic Impresion Scale Global. Finally, a self-assessment form at the end of each session has also been used to evaluate the clinical evolution of each patient during the entire treatment period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The data show that the patients are able to learn new coping behaviours at the end of the treatment (X<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->84.17), and they are aware of the utility of these coping behaviours (X<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->89.82) to be used in high risk situations. Patients exhibit lower intensity of craving as well as a higher perception of control towards it at the end of the treatment. This study reveals that as higher coping behaviours frequency is the higher their efficacy is (p<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.751).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study proposes that a coping behaviour group is an element to be included in cognitive-behavioural therapy approaches in the clinical psychology intervention of addictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70029-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalización de la atención sanitaria al drogodependiente","authors":"V. Pedreira Crespo,&nbsp;L. Sánchez Pardo,&nbsp;I. Carrera Machado","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70028-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70028-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70028-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104000786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estudio preliminar para la validación de la versión española del Personality Belief Questionnaire","authors":"N. Albein-Urios ,&nbsp;J.M. Martínez-González ,&nbsp;Ó. Lozano-Rojas ,&nbsp;A. Verdejo-García","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70030-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70030-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Dysfunctional beliefs are defined as cognitive schemas that drive an abnormal perception and interpretation of reality, being present in all personality disorders. Beck and Beck developed the Personality Belief Questionnaire (PBQ) in order to measure the degree to which individuals endorse basic beliefs associated with personality disorders, providing unique information about the intensity of the dysfunctional beliefs that must be addressed during treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aims of this study are, first, to develop a Spanish version of the PBQ and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample from the normal population, and second, to examine if PBQ's indexed intensity of dysfunctional beliefs may discriminate between subgroups of individuals within the extreme tails of their corresponding personality traits (measured by a gold standard, the MCMI-III).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We administered the PBQ and the MCMI-III to a sample of 63 undergraduate students of Spanish nationality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results showed that the Spanish adaptation of the PBQ have sound psychometric properties. Furthermore, we showed that there is a good fit between the personality traits measured with the gold standard and the intensity of dysfunctional beliefs measured with the PBQ, since this questionnaire was able to discriminate between individuals with high vs. low levels of the corresponding personality traits.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We conclude that the Spanish adaptation of the PBQ presents adequate psychometric properties (in terms of reliability and construct validity) and holds an important potential for application to clinical populations, in which it may assist the treatment process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 144-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70030-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoevaluación y Formación Continuada en Trastornos Adictivos","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70034-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70034-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Page 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70034-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136937793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creencias y motivos asociados al consumo de cannabis en población escolarizada de la ciudad de Valencia, España","authors":"C.C. Morales-Manrique ,&nbsp;F.J. Bueno-Cañigral ,&nbsp;R. Aleixandre-Benavent ,&nbsp;J.C. Valderrama-Zurián","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70031-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70031-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the beliefs and motives significantly associated with the consumption and not consumption of cannabis among scholars in Valencia city, analyzing differences by gender.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Transversal design. 1,324 students participated, with a mean age of 14.86 (SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.17), and 47.7% are men. χ² tests and logistic regressions are used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Denying the negative effects on both physical and mental, and to the social environment is associated with testing the substance, and occasional or daily consumption, and believing that consumption is good for achieving a goal is associated with occasional and daily consumption. The boys indicate more that the consumption is good to achieve an emotional state or goal. The belief “if you control, nothing happens” is associated with experimental, occasional and daily consumption, and denial, to never try. The reasons associated with current consumption are to relax, have fun, and forget the problems. The motive most indicated for hadn't consumed it, is because it harms the physical and mental health. The boys indicate more to no consume because it's expensive and due personal convictions of moral type; the girls, due they feel good and to be able to amuse without drugs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It is important to reinforce beliefs that negative effects of cannabis occurs on the physical, mental and social environment, even when it is perceived that the consumption is being controled. Reasons for reducing stress are potential for consuming occasionally and daily; it is therefore necessary to educate or provide alternatives for leisure and relaxation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 151-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70031-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumo de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis y otras sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de la Universidad de Málaga","authors":"E. Martín-Montañez ,&nbsp;F.J. Barón-López ,&nbsp;L.O. Rubio Lamia ,&nbsp;J. Pavía Molina ,&nbsp;J. Miranda Páez ,&nbsp;I.M. Santos Amaya","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70032-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70032-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To find out the prevalence of psychoactive substance use among students in Malaga University, and their consumption patterns, accessibility and risk awareness associated with their use in order to obtain information to design interventions for prevention and behavioural changes.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>An anonymous self-administered questionnaire were used in a representative sample of students population (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1,121, period 2007–2009).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The substances most consumed in the last month were alcohol (64.6%) and cannabis (9%), with a prevalence of consumption for all the substances under the average in the population of reference, except for alcohol that remains equal. The consumption of daily smoked tobacco (11.2%) is lower than that of the general population, although similar to other universities. Student perceive low risk associated with alcohol consumption (23–24.5%) as well as sporadic consumption of cannabis (20.6%) which is consider the most accessible illicit drug. Most substances show a recreational use and are usually consumed in groups. There are not gender differences in risk awareness for any of the substances, although the consumption patterns for the majority of substances depend on the gender.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Prevalence of both alcohol and cannabis consumption as well as risk awareness associated with psychoactive substance use, and other findings from this study could address the development of interventions for prevention, behavioural changes and the design of new studies in this group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70032-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tratamiento de los trastornos psiquiátricos asociados al consumo de cannabis","authors":"F. Arias Horcajadas","doi":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70024-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70024-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cannabis is one of the drugs with greater psychiatric adverse effects, particularly linked to the increased risk of psychosis. In addition, it is one of the most used drugs among patients with psychiatric disorders, having collateral adverse effects on the course of these disorders. Therefore, we should implement coordinated interventions for cannabis dependence and the frequently associated comorbid disorders. Behavioral interventions are effective to deal with cannabis dependence, being cognitive-behavioral techniques and motivational interventions the ones with greater empirical support, although poor retention and relapse are common drawbacks. As for pharmacological interventions there is a considerable scarcity of findings stemming from clinical trials. Nonetheless, there are two main lines of research, one in drugs that are effective for other addictions and psychiatric disorders, and another one on drugs specifically targeting the cannabinoid system. Nowadays, the most promising findings have emerged from this second approach, including cannabinoid antagonists, cannabidiol, nabilon and especially dronabinol. With regard to treatment of comorbid psychiatric disorders, there is also scarcity of data from clinical trials, but observational studies and clinical cases support the use of SSRIs for depression and anxiety-related syndromes, atypical antipsychotics for mania, and anticonvulsants for bipolar disorders. Animal data also indicates that cannabinoid drugs may be promising for the treatment of comorbid depression and anxiety among cannabis dependent individuals. It is also important to stress the need to simultaneously address cannabis dependence and psychosis, with the aim of achieving abstinence, especially after a first episode or after diagnosis of cannabis-induced psychosis. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interventions have shown efficacy to address this dual disorder. Clinical trials underscore that cannabis abstinence is one of the main factors for psychosis outcomes, and that the majority of clinicians choose to employ atypical antipsychotics to address these syndromes, although they have poor impact on cannabis use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":89512,"journal":{"name":"Trastornos adictivos","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 113-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1575-0973(11)70024-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56515203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}