The open nutraceuticals journal最新文献

{"title":"Nutraceuticals in Arthritis Management: A Contemporary Prospect of Dietary Phytochemicals","authors":"M. N. Alam, M. M. Rahman, Md. Ibrahim Khalil","doi":"10.2174/1876396001407010021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001407010021","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid Arthritis is the most common, chronic autoimmune disease with no known cure, and a priority for biological research in the twenty first century. The limitations in the efficacy and safety of current treatment strategies are driving the need for new, safe and effective medications. Recent experimental findings focus on the potential of neutraceuticals for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. In this review, we summarize the effect of several dietary phytochemicals against RA with important biochemical findings. A number of dietary phytochemicals can either retard or improve the RA by their anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and enzyme inhibitory effects. This review suggests that the dietary phytochemicals have immense potential, to be developed as safe and effective treatment options. More research is required to understand how dietary phytochemicals affect rheumatoid arthritis.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68134237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, In Relation to Diet and Lifestyle Factors, for Prevention of Neuropsychiatric and Vascular Diseases and Diabetes","authors":"Ram B. Singh, Toru Takahashi, Mikio Tokunaga, A. Wilczynska, C. Kim, F. Meester, T. Handjieva-Darlenska, S. Cheema, Douglas W. Wilson, B. Milovanovic, J. Fedacko, K. Hristova, H. Chaves","doi":"10.2174/1876396001407010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001407010005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major neurotrophin which may have promise to be a nutraceutical of this decade. It has a documented role in neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and neuronal survival. BDNF can have beneficial effects on several cardio-metabolic and neuro-psychiatric disorders, indicating that it is important in brain- body interactions. Diet and lifestyle factors may also have an influence on BDNF levels. In this review, we examine the beneficial role of BDNF on risk factors of vascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus and anxiety disorders. Methods: In- ternet search and discussion with peer colleagues. Results: Majority of the BDNF (70-80%) is derived from dendrite of neurons but it is also present in other body tissues. BDNF controls the food intake and appetite as well as lipid and glu- cose metabolism. Sedentary behavior and tobacco intake may be associated with BDNF deficiency. Lower serum concen- tration of BDNF and higher vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were associated with increased risk of incident stroke/TIA. BDNF may serve as an intermediate biomarker for subclinical vascular disease and may also have biological potential to serve as a therapeutic target for primary and secondary prevention of vascular diseases, as well as clinical and subclinical vascular brain disease. BDNF deficiency has been observed in association with anxiety, depres- sion, insomnia, dementia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and vascular diseases. The phenotypes associated with insulin resistance are at increased risk for developing cognitive decline and neuro-degeneration resulting in vascular dementia, and depression as well as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for CVDs. BDNF may be ad- ministered as nutraceutical due to its protective influence on BDNF concentrations, insulin receptors and hypothalamic dysfunction leading to beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk and neuropsychological dysfunction. It is proposed that omega-3 fatty acids and moderate physical activity may enhance BDNF release. Conclusions: It is possible that circulat- ing BDNF deficiency is a risk factor for obesity, CVDs and diabetes as well as risk factor for neuropsychiatric diseases. BDNF administration may modify the risk of clinical and subclinical stroke, depression, and dementia as well as of obe- sity and type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68134180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Nutritional Factors of Leaf Protein Concentrate (LPC) from Girardinia heterophylla (Decne)","authors":"N. Tripathi, C. Singh, Lutful Haque Khan, Sunita Kumar, R. Singh, P. Singh, V. Varshney","doi":"10.2174/1876396001407010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001407010001","url":null,"abstract":"Girardinia heterophylla (Decne), distributed extensively in Middle Himalayas, is a potential source of Leaf Protein Concentrate (LPC). Present study envisages the phytochemical investigations to assess the availability and commercial viability of LPC of G. heterophylla. Samples of plant leaves were collected from Mussoorie Hills of Uttarakhand (India) and contents of LPC were isolated. Proximate analysis of LPC for nitrogen, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrate content revealed their concentration in appreciable quantities making it a potential source of non- conventional protein. LPC has important biochemical characteristics, which establish the usefulness and potential of leaves of this plant to be used as animal fodder for better milk production and also as nutritionally rich source for protein for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schisandrin B Enhances Hepatic/Myocardial Glutathione Regeneration Capacity and Protects Against Oxidant Injury in Rat Livers and Hearts","authors":"P. Leong, Na Chen, K. Ko","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010124","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of schisandrin B (Sch B), curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and resveratrol on the glutathione regeneration capacity (GRC) of liver and heart tissues ex vivo were examined in relation to their protective effects against CCl4 hepatotoxicity in vivo and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury ex vivo in rats. Results indicated that Sch B, but not curcumin, EGCG or resveratrol, caused hepatic and myocardial GRC enhancement, which was paralleled by its protection against CCl4 hepatotoxicity and myocardial I/R injury. Although resveratrol and curcumin failed to increase the GRC of liver/heart tissues, they did protect against CCl4 hepatotoxicity and myocardial I/R injury. In conclusion, the Sch B-induced enhancement of GRC ex vivo correlated well with its ability to protect tissues against oxidant injury in vivo/ex vivo, suggesting that the GRC assay can be used as a monitor of tissue protection for compounds stimulating glutathione redox cycling. However, phytochemicals can also protect against oxidant injury through various other","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating History Affects Food Palatability in Young Japanese Females","authors":"Rie Horiuchi, Ram B. Singh, F. Meester, Douglas W. Wilson, L. Juneja, Toru Takahashi","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010117","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the transition from eating history to food palatability associ- ated with diet selection in adults. Questionnaires were used to identify dominant and favorite recipes, flavorings, and breakfasts for 174 female university students. The participants' recollections for answering the questionnaire covered a six-stage time period: kindergarten, early elementary school years, late elementary school years, junior high school, high school, and the university years. The development of taste and diet choices at the university stage appeared to be influ- enced by the childhood diet during the kindergarten stage. Controlling food palatability in adults would change diet selec- tion by promoting healthier eating habits, which may decrease the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"117-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking Methods and Their Effects on Nutritional Value of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)","authors":"M. O. Aremu, S. Namo, R. B. Salau, C. Agbo, H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.2174/1876396020130830003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396020130830003","url":null,"abstract":"African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is very popular with fish farmers and consumers, and commands a very high commercial value in Nigeria markets. The fresh fish sample collected from the fish farmer was smoked in a smoking kiln using sawdust, rice bran and melon husk while electric oven was used as the control. In the study proximate, mineral and amino acid compositions of the smoked fish samples were evaluated using standard analytical techniques. The crude protein content of the smoked fish samples ranged from 15.18% in sawdust heat treatment to 63.23% in electric oven heat source with CV% of 10.68 while crude fat range values were 9.47 - 16.44% (CV% = 18.80). The most highly concen- trated mineral was sodium (7.00 - 9.95 mg/100g sample) and strictly followed by magnesium (5.45 - 7.45 mg/100g sam- ple). Lead and cadmium were not at the detectable range of AAS. The total essential amino acid (TEAA) with histidine in the smoked fish samples ranged from 40.25 g/100g crude protein in rice bran to 70.09 g/100g protein in sawdust heat sources while lysine had the highest concentrations (7.02 - 7.78 g/100g protein). The calculated isoelectric point (pI) and predicted protein efficiency ratio (P-PER) were (4.99 - 6.91) and (2.30 - 2.52), respectively while first limiting amino acid (LAA) was isoleucine for electric oven and sawdust heat sources, and valine for melon husk and rice bran smoking. The number of essential amino acids where supplementation may be required in the smoked fish samples using four dif- ferent heat sources was three each. Generally, all the fish samples were found to be good sources of essential minerals and amino acids.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68134106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Developments in Coenzyme Q10 Research Contributed by A Single Group. Editorial","authors":"Mikio Tokunaga, Toru Takahashi, Ram B. Singh, Niaz, F. Meester, Douglas W. Wilson","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010113","url":null,"abstract":"Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), first identified by Moor et al in 1940, is a fat soluble quinone with characteristics common to vitamins [1]. It is found in the organs of various animal species with highest concentrations in the heart, liver, kidney, muscles and pancreas [2, 3]. Festenstein et al in 1955 named the substance ubiquinone [2] while Crane et al in 1957 choose the name coenzyme Q [4]. Ubiquinone is a component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, participating in electron transport in NADH-coenzyme Q reductase (complex I), succinate coenzyme Q reductase (complex II) and the cytochrome system [4, 5]. Folkers and his group determined the structure of the quinone moiety which was found identical to that described by Morton and his team, and suggested the name “ubiquinone” referring to the ubiquitous occurrence of this compound in various tissues [2-5]. It is also rich in pancreas and may be protective against type 2 diabetes [6]. In 1957, Crane et al demonstrated that it has an important role as a redox carrier in the mammalian respiratory transport chain [4]. A high concentration of CoQ10 observed in healthy human myocardium has led to the assumption that a myocardial deficiency of CoQ10 is detrimental to cardiac function [7]. In 1972, Littarru, of Italy and the late Prof. Folkers from Texas, documented a deficiency of CoQ10 in human heart disease, particularly among patients subjected to bypass surgery in Houston, USA [8-10]. Lower than normal levels of CoQ10 have also been found in blood samples from patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) compared with levels in healthy human subjects [9, 10]. Yamamura and his group were the first to use CoQ10 for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the 1960’s [11] and later Folkers et al. presented the rationale for using CoQ10 in treating congestive heart failure (CHF) [8].","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"113-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Diet and Nutrient on Cell Signaling: Is the Tissue the Main Issue,Proposes Dr. Wilson?","authors":"R. Singh, E. Toda, Takahashi Toru, Mikio Tokunaga, K. Otsuka, L. Juneja, F. Meester, A. Wilczynska, Douglas W. Wilson","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010061","url":null,"abstract":"Western diet is characterized with energy dense, refined, ready prepared foods with a high glycemic index (e.g. refined starches; bread, biscuits, candies, cornflakes, pizza, potato chips, cola drinks and sugar) and unhealthy lipids (e.g. trans fats, saturated fat , w-6 rich oils) poor in w-3 fatty acids, phytochemicals and fiber that are abundant in the Mediter- ranean type of diet. Western type of diets are known to predispose inflammation and increase in free fatty acids causing endothelial cell and beta cell dysfunction leading to the epidemic of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The cell signaling and the changes in cell membrane properties of the tissues induced by dietary lipids may have important consequences on the development of obesity, atherosclerosis and hypertension. The structural properties and function of cell membrane proteins appear to be modified in hypertensive humans and animal models of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Diet in- duced alterations in membrane lipid composition of hypertensive subjects have been associated with alterations in the transmembrane fluxes of Na + and K + , including Na + -Li + countertransport, which is a marker of essential hypertension, and in cell signaling proteins that participate in the control of blood pressure. It has been demonstrated that dietary lipids have an effect on membrane lipid composition and cell signaling proteins. Since changes in the dietary lipid composition yield to variations in the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane, it is likely that cellular functional changes could result from alterations in the structure of the lipid membrane properties under influence of the diet. Thus, the changes in mem- brane properties induced by dietary lipids may have important consequences on blood pressure regulation. The Mediterra- nean diet has been associated with changes in membrane structure and function. Consumption of olive oil-rich diets in- creases the concentration of oleic acid in plasma membrane lipids of different rat and human cells, with beneficial conse- quences on membrane functionality. In contrast, very little is currently known regarding the effects of nuts, another key ingredient of such diets, on membrane lipid composition and structure. CVD, diabetes mellitus and obesity, that are asso- ciated with increased production of thromboxane A2(TXA2), leukotrienes, prostacyclin, interleukins-1 and 6, tumor ne- crosis factor-alpha and C-reactive proteins in the tissues, is the major issue. Increased dietary intake of w-6 fatty acids is known to enhance all these biomarkers as well as atherogenicity of cholesterol in the tissues which have adverse pro- inflammatory effects resulting in CAD. Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, mustard oil, and olive oil char- acterized with low w-6/w-3 ratio in the diet, can modulate inflammation and endothelial dysfunction of the tissues and may be protective against risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and all-cause m","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"61-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Wealth and Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Diseases Thank You. Dr. Wilson","authors":"Mikio Tokunaga, Toru Takahashi, Ram B. Singh, E. Gerasimova, F. Meester, Douglas W. Wilson","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010084","url":null,"abstract":"Industrialization and urbanization may be associated with increase in income, resulting in increased consump- tion of ready-prepared Western foods, meat and eggs and cola drinks and decreased intake of traditional foods; whole grains, and vegetables. There is also associated greater use of automobiles causing sedentary behaviours, due to decreased occupational physical activity. These diet and lifestyle factors predispose obesity and central obesity which is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mortality.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Western Diet and Lifestyle with Circadian Hyperamplitude Tension and Mesor Hypertension Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring","authors":"Mikio Tokunaga, Takahashi Toru, Ram B. Singh, F. Meester, A. Wilczynska, E. Gerasimova, Douglas W. Wilson","doi":"10.2174/1876396001306010056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876396001306010056","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of Western diet and lifestyle factors resulting in hypertension are known, however, the effects of life- style on blood pressure variability measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are not sufficiently well known. In the present case, it has been observed that Western diet, sedentary behavior and mental load in a subject with normal blood pressures were associated with blood pressure disorders (VVD). Moderation in diet and lifestyle reversed the blood pressure variability, demonstrated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.","PeriodicalId":89504,"journal":{"name":"The open nutraceuticals journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"56-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68133012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}