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Acoustic Study of Speech Accommodation Produced by Korean Language Teachers 韩国语教师言语顺应的声学研究
Language research Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.75
E. Yoon, Sunwoo Kwak
{"title":"Acoustic Study of Speech Accommodation Produced by Korean Language\u0000 Teachers","authors":"E. Yoon, Sunwoo Kwak","doi":"10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"이 논문은 제1저자가 2016년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(NRF-2016 S1A5A8019210). 기관생명윤리위원회(IRB) 관리번호 HIRB-201712-HR-002.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42980732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of Rating Tendencies between Native and Non-native Speakers in Korean Speaking Test 韩语口语测试中母语与非母语者评分倾向的比较
Language research Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.179
Jee Young Kim
{"title":"Comparison of Rating Tendencies between Native and Non-native\u0000 Speakers in Korean Speaking Test","authors":"Jee Young Kim","doi":"10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.179","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the rating tendencies of Korean and Chinese raters in a Korean Speaking Test. For this purpose, graduate students majoring in Korean education were trained, and an individual rating process was performed. The results of the rating were then analyzed using the multi-faceted Rasch model, focusing on rating consistency, severity, and bias. The results of the analysis indicate that rating severity differed among raters even in the same group, and rating consistency was either an overfit or a misfit in the Chinese rating (CR) group. The results also showed that the CR group tended to be more tolerant of assessment evaluation items with less difficulty than the Korean rating (KR) group, and to score assessment evaluation items with higher difficulty more strictly. In the analysis of criteria, the KR group scored more strictly than the CR group on the three criteria except vocabulary and grammar, and organization. In contrast, there was a statistically significant tendency toward the opposite for “organization”. The two groups differed in judging the proficiency of test takers, with differences between the test takers in cases where proficiency is relatively high and when specific languages are reflected in the test taker's pronunciation or intonation, some of which were analyzed as significant bias. Finally, the use of the evaluation scale showed that the CR group had a wider distribution, but the reliability of using the zero scale was low, and the difference between the mean scores of each scale was not uniform. This group also tended toward the middle point rather than toward the peak.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49156667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Directionality in Stress Shift in English Noun Phrases 英语名词短语重音移位的方向性
Language research Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.33
Jin-Hyung Kim, J. Sung
{"title":"Directionality in Stress Shift in English Noun\u0000 Phrases","authors":"Jin-Hyung Kim, J. Sung","doi":"10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2019.55.1.33","url":null,"abstract":"In English noun phrases, a general restriction against stress clash is sometimes violated. Such variation in rhythmic stress shift raises the question of when and why native speakers choose one variant over another. The aim of this paper was to analyze such variation and identify factors that underlie the shift variation found in English [level 2 prefixed adjective + noun] phrases on the basis of native speakers’ responses. The results suggest that the variation is driven by the interplay of the phonotactics across morpheme boundaries, the morphological structure of complex adjectives, the conspiracy of foot form improvement depending on the harmony scale, and the optimal eurhythmic distance in rhythmic stress shift.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42425254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of types of input frequency distribution on second language construction learning 输入频率分布类型对第二语言结构学习的影响
Language research Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.509
Yun-Beom Shin, Sang-Ki Lee
{"title":"Effects of types of input frequency distribution on second language construction learning","authors":"Yun-Beom Shin, Sang-Ki Lee","doi":"10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.509","url":null,"abstract":"English is taught and learned as a foreign language in Korea, which results in an inadequate amount of natural input, which, in turn, makes it imperative that language input be manipulated in ways that would lead to better learning outcomes. In this quasi-experimental study, 91 Korean elementary school students were randomly assigned into one of the five input frequency distribution conditions (one balanced distribution condition, three skewed-first distribution conditions with three different levels of skewedness, and one control condition) and exposed to a novel construction in English. The results showed overall that frequency did work and that the more skewed the distribution was, the more learning outcomes were observed (in terms of the extent of construction learning as well as the generalizability of the learned knowledge). The findings are discussed in light of the input-driven usage-based and frequency-based approaches to language learning.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44538360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flaming in Internet Forums on Abortion: A Contrastive Pragmatic Analysis 网络论坛上关于堕胎的争论:对比语用分析
Language research Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.399
Sung-Bum Lee
{"title":"Flaming in Internet Forums on Abortion: A Contrastive Pragmatic Analysis","authors":"Sung-Bum Lee","doi":"10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.399","url":null,"abstract":"Flaming refers to an online vitriolic verbal brawl where participants are not respectful of each other and cannot control their tempers. They often trade insults and call each other names. Recent developments of the Internet and SNS have commonly created an epidemic of this phenomenon almost all around the world, including Korea and America. However, the strategies that people use to degrade each other vehemently when their opinions clash can vary from language to language. The present study is an attempt to discover and compare the characteristics and structure of flaming in Korean and in English in Internet forums about abortion one of the hottest issues that frequently draw virulent and violent expressions, especially in computer-mediated communication. The commonalities and differences are investigated from the perspectives of Culpeper’s theory of impoliteness. To this end, a total of 200 threads posted in four different Korean and English YouTube forums on abortion were collected and analyzed in terms of impoliteness strategies. The distribution and frequency of impoliteness types and strategies employed as well as the structure of flaming in each language are discussed from the perspective of contrastive pragmatics.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43040482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On the Intervention Effect Caused by Korean -man 论韩国人的干预效应
Language research Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.423
Ilkyu Kim
{"title":"On the Intervention Effect Caused by Korean -man","authors":"Ilkyu Kim","doi":"10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.423","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to shed light on the nature of the intervention effect, focusing on Korean -man ‘only’. Two most recent studies on the intervention effect caused by Korean -man are critically reviewed, and a new analysis is proposed based on 1) distinction between psychologically salient and non-salient presuppositions, which is based on the notion of the strong contextual felicity, 2) two characteristics of language processing, namely, the serial order of linguistic input and the interactive parallel processing, and 3) different informational statuses of the prejacent meaning of -man depending on different contexts. The current analysis is superior to the two previous studies in that 1) the source of the intervention effect proposed here is psychologically more plausible and that 2) it is compatible with the withinand inter-individual variability among speakers with respect to the degree of the intervention effect.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
French Basic Vocabulary Database, Its Microstructure and Information Description 法语基础词汇数据库及其结构与信息描述
Language research Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.469
Kilsoo Ko, S. Lee
{"title":"French Basic Vocabulary Database, Its Microstructure and Information Description","authors":"Kilsoo Ko, S. Lee","doi":"10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.469","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows the results of our work on two issues that are necessarily raised when making a French basic vocabulary database: first how to select basic vocabulary, and second how to represent grammatical informations in the database. For the first issue, we adopted the A-level vocabulary proposed by the Référentiels, but in order to revise it, we conducted frequency-based adequacy tests. 430 words are excluded because they are rarely used and thus inappropriate as basic vocabulary. Instead, we added 200 very high-frequency words that we believe should be learned at the beginner level, and we propose a basic vocabulary of 1,300 words. For the second issue, we developed a representation model with reference to the lexicon-grammar and the theory of \"classe d'objet\". It follows their basic framework, but it has different microstructure and representation methods so that the usage of predicate words can be understood in an integrated way.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41992257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Cartography of RCs in Korean & Japanese:A Comparative-syntactic Approach 韩日对照语的句法分析
Language research Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.491
YongSuk Yoo, Myungkwan Park
{"title":"The Cartography of RCs in Korean & Japanese:A Comparative-syntactic Approach","authors":"YongSuk Yoo, Myungkwan Park","doi":"10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2018.54.3.491","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the difference in the structure of relative clauses (RCs) in Korean and Japanese determines the availability of say-omission/contraction in these two languages. Specifically, in addition to providing a novel observation about say-omission/contraction in Korean and Japanese, we argue that this phenomenon is attributed to the presence of a CP layer in RCs in Korean (Yoon 1990, Han 1992 among many others), but to the lack thereof in Japanese (Saito 1985; Murasugi 1991; Taguchi 2008; Miyagawa 2011; among many others). We argue that RC-internal say-omission/contraction in Korean is an instance of TP-ellipsis. We adopt the theory of ellipsis in Bošković (2014), where deletion can target phases or the complements of phasal heads. Thus, the subject, the object, and the complement clause of say within the RCs of Korean are moved out of and survive an elison of TP (i.e., the complement of the phasal head C) because of the presence of the CP-domain providing a landing site, whereas in Japanese such an option is not available.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49175783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pre-service English Teachers’ Extensive Reading and Its Effect on L2 Reading Self-efficacy 职前英语教师的泛读及其对二语阅读自我效能感的影响
Language research Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.331
D. Odo
{"title":"Pre-service English Teachers’ Extensive Reading and Its Effect on L2\u0000 Reading Self-efficacy","authors":"D. Odo","doi":"10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.331","url":null,"abstract":"The many benefits of using extensive reading (ER) to foster language learning are increasingly clear. However, considerably less is known about how ER might improve pre-service English teachers’ affect regarding L2 reading. Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of ER on pre-service English teachers’ L2 reading self-efficacy and perceptions of ER. A pre-posttest quasi-experimental intervention was conducted with participants who engaged in ER to observe its impact on their self-efficacy and perceptions. In contrast to previous positive research findings, these results were that ER did not substantially affect a number of aspects of their self-efficacy. Qualitative results revealed that participants became more familiar with English and enjoyed ER, but they also expressed some dissatisfaction with their ER experiences. These findings suggest that while ER encourages some positive emotional states when reading, we also need to pay much closer attention to addressing learners’ reservations and helping them to see the value of ER. This study was a quasi-experimental examination of the role of extensive reading in second-language reading self-efficacy","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45734164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Negative Politeness in Korean Questions: Interaction between Epistemic Uncertainty and Conventional Indirectness 韩语问句中的消极礼貌:认知不确定性与传统间接性的相互作用
Language research Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.229
Arum Kang
{"title":"Negative Politeness in Korean Questions: Interaction between\u0000 Epistemic Uncertainty and Conventional Indirectness","authors":"Arum Kang","doi":"10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2018.54.2.229","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I investigate the negative politeness phenomena in Korean question. The current study focuses on the examination of the mitigating effects raised from the epistemic modal marker nka. Thus far, nka has been treated as a sub-type of question marker used in familiar speech style. Contrary to the previous view, however, I claim that nka should NOT be treated as a factual question marker; rather, it is an attenuative modal marker used as a pragmatic device for conventional indirectness. Since Korean speakers tend to consider speech act of question as an illocutionary act of requesting with a big favor , they use nka in order to minimize the threat and avoid the risk of losing face. In this vein, nka is employed for the pragmatic treatment of mitigated illocutionary force to smooth the conversational interaction. An important contribution of the current work is to add the discussion by considering novel empirical issues in Korean in which epistemic modal device can be another element that exhibits the mitigation in the illocutionary act of asking a question.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42453578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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