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The Effect of the Interval on VOT Modulation of Voiceless Stops in English 音程对英语不发音停顿语音调制的影响
Language research Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.245
Mira Oh, J. Lim
{"title":"The Effect of the Interval on VOT Modulation of\u0000 Voiceless Stops in English","authors":"Mira Oh, J. Lim","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.245","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to show that the VOTs of English stops are phonetically influenced by non-local segments. Eight native English speakers (4 females and 4 males) produced nonce words of the forms C 1 V 1 C 2 and C 1 V 1 C 2 VC with variation in the voicing of C 1 and C 2 . Phonetic analysis found, first, that voiceless C 1 -VOT shortening occurs regressively when followed by another voiceless stop across a vowel, but C 2 -VOT is not affected by C 1 . Second, VOT modulation in English voiceless stops is non-local in the sense that the Cs triggering VOT shortening need not be root-adjacent. Third, the interval, which is the distance between the intervening V 1 and C 2 , plays a role in triggering C 1 -VOT shortening. These results support Walter’s (2007) claim that the VOT modulation in English results from the articulatory difficulty associated with repeating laryngeal cues within a short time. They will be discussed in light of phonetic proximity, particularly limits on the distance at which corresponding Cs may occur. Directionality will also be discussed regarding the target of VOT modulation in light of the avoidance of recurrent aspiration.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42054993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overt Subjects Signaling Floor Shifts in Korean Discourse 韩国语话语中隐含主体的变化
Language research Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.329
Narah Lee
{"title":"Overt Subjects Signaling Floor Shifts in Korean\u0000 Discourse","authors":"Narah Lee","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.329","url":null,"abstract":"Despite ample literature on the frequent occurrence of subject omission in Korean, the discussion of subjects that are not omitted in utterances has not been fully developed. While some researchers have focused on emphasis and contrast as the main reasons for a subject not to be omitted, the current study addresses floor-shifting in spoken discourse as a primary motivation for a subject to be overt. With respect to shifts of the floor in discourse, I analyze occurrences of overt subjects in spoken Korean corpora and clarify the discursive roles of first- and second-person subjects that are overtly expressed. The analysis shows that overt subjects referring to the interlocutors of discourse function as an explicit sign of the intention to take or give the floor. The findings of this study extend our understanding of overt subjects in Korean by expanding our focus from subject omission in sentences by relating it to the speaker’s stance toward the floor of discourse.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41647414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study of the Plural Marker ‘-tul’ in Korean 朝鲜语复数标记“-tul”研究
Language research Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.225
Young-Yeah Hong
{"title":"A Study of the Plural Marker ‘-tul’\u0000 in Korean","authors":"Young-Yeah Hong","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.225","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the semantic differences between unmarked and marked plural NPs in Korean, and the possible licensor that allows the plural copying of the marker -tul . First, there are often stated to be two kinds of -tul : the suffix -tul and the auxiliary particle -tul . The former is attached to nominal expressions, and the latter to predicates and adverbial expressions. Second, it is argued that -tul appears when it is necessary to emphasize plurality, and the plural argument licenses plural copying whether it is overt or covert, or its plural suffix marked or unmarked. Finally, it is suggested that plural copying is a syntactic merge that satisfies the locality condition by denoting its hierarchical structure. The claim of previous research that unmarked and marked plural NPs express genericity and individuality, respectively, is disapproved to some extent, and the effort to explain plural copying through an animacy hierarchy of the subject or through event plurality is shown to be ineffectual in this study.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45724044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantifiers with Split Scope 具有拆分作用域的量词
Language research Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.355
Jae-Il Yeom
{"title":"Quantifiers with Split Scope","authors":"Jae-Il Yeom","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.355","url":null,"abstract":"Quantifiers in intensional contexts cause difficulty in explaining their scope phenomena in the standard linguistics. A strong quantifier has narrower scope than an intensional operator, but the nominal predicate has the de re interpretation, and an indefinite can have wide scope over an intensional operator over a syntactic island. In the paper, I propose a new way of interpreting a strong quantifier, assuming that a strong quantifier triggers the presupposition that there is a non-empty set determined by the nominal predicate. A presupposition tends to be projected over an intensional operator. This gives the effect that the nominal predicate gets the de re interpretation. On the other hand, the nuclear scope of the quantifier, together with the nominal predicate, determines another set in the local context, and the quantificational force is determined by the relation of the two sets. A weak quantifier is ambiguous, and it can be interpreted as triggering a presupposition, as a strong quantifier does. A quantifier in this use can be analyzed in the same way, but it leads to the effect that the quantifier, not just the nominal predicate, has scope over an intensional operator because of a semantic property of the quantifier. This new way of interpreting a quantifier is independently motivated by the observation that the two sets are referred to at a later discourse.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41766450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Dual Function of Q-Marker in Korean: Evidence from Unselected Embedded Questions 朝鲜语中Q标记的双重功能——来自未选定嵌入问题的证据
Language research Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.195
Myungkwan Park
{"title":"The Dual Function of Q-Marker in Korean: Evidence from Unselected\u0000 Embedded Questions","authors":"Myungkwan Park","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.195","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the distribution of unselected embedded questions (EQs). Cross-linguistically, with the exception of certain restricted adverbial uses, EQs tend to appear with question-embedding predicates. However, Kim & Tomioka (2014) noted that EQs in Korean/Japanese are in wider distribution compared to English. Comparing Korean/Japanese with Chinese/English, this study shows that the difference between these two groups regarding the availability of EQs lies in the overt realization of an interrogative complementizer or Q-marker. Korean/Japanese deploys an overt form of Q-marker that can convert/ grammaticalize into an adverbializer; specifically, it has a dual function, primarily as a Q-marker and secondarily as an adverbializer. Contrarily, Chinese/English does not, which restricts the use of EQs in these two languages. Along this line of analysis, the study also suggests that indefinites in Korean derived from wh-phrases plus Q-markers are fed by the same strategy of deriving unselected EQs.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43203673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Dictogloss Tasks using Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy based on Digitalized Collaborative Work 基于数字化协同工作的Bloom数字分类法分析Dictogloss任务
Language research Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.307
Youngshin Lim
{"title":"Analysis of Dictogloss Tasks using Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy based on\u0000 Digitalized Collaborative Work","authors":"Youngshin Lim","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.3.307","url":null,"abstract":"Associated with Web 2.0 pedagogy, this study aimed to investigate how learners’ cognitive skills can be processed in dictogloss in terms of Bloom’s digital taxonomy. Sixty-four university students participated in the study with three different types of dictogloss. The overall result of this study demonstrates that dictogloss stimulates lower- and higher-order thinking skills. Specifically, the study finds two crucial points to develop a well-balanced cognitive domain: First, dictogloss enables learners to utilize diverse digital learning actions in digitalized collaborative learning contexts, such as uploading, collaborating, and networking. Second, different modes of online learning delivery (i.e., synchronous and asynchronous modes) promote different levels of the thinking skills applied in the learning process. Based on these findings, the crucial implication could be drawn that dictogloss could stimulate and improve learners’ various levels of cognitive process when it is accompanied by a synchronous learning module owing to its immediate interaction in a digitalized collaborative work.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44325809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Note on the Factorial Definition of Island Effects 岛效应的阶乘定义注记
Language research Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.211
Ilkyu Kim
{"title":"A Note on the Factorial Definition of Island Effects","authors":"Ilkyu Kim","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.211","url":null,"abstract":"Sprouse’s (2007) factorial definition of island effects has been widely used in experimental research on island phenomena. The popularity it enjoys is mainly due to its ability to isolate and quantify island effects by controlling for two important processing factors known to affect the acceptability of island-violating constructions. Despite this and other merits, the factorial design has its limitations: 1) it does not control for other important non-syntactic factors and thus 2) it has little to say about the exact nature of island effects. Researchers employing the factorial design, however, often fail to consider these limitations, resulting in biased interpretations of the results of their experiments. This problem is inevitable unless one takes a balanced view on the source of island effects. problem FD-based but not find out specific non-syntactic factors that play a role in explaining FD-based super-additivity.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45509657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cluster Analysis of the Challenges of Teaching Korean to Immigrant Learners 移民韩语教学挑战的聚类分析
Language research Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.167
Wonki Lee, Hojung Kim
{"title":"Cluster Analysis of the Challenges of Teaching Korean to Immigrant\u0000 Learners","authors":"Wonki Lee, Hojung Kim","doi":"10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/lr.2021.57.2.167","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined challenges Korean language teachers face in classroom teaching contexts, based on typologies derived from a cluster analysis. A total of 181 teachers teaching adult immigrants were surveyed on their challenges using a 24-item survey across the following five dimensions: (1) teaching contents and teaching methods, (2) curriculum design and resource development, (3) language ability assessment, (4) learner counseling, and (5) cultural education. The cluster analysis suggested a three-cluster pattern based on the degree of challenge. Results indicate that the clusters differed significantly in the degree and order of perceived challenges. In addition, when socio-demographic data were considered, results revealed contrasts in the motivation for pursuing professional development, teaching experiences, teaching region, and professional development experience. This study thus provides insight into the multifaceted challenges Korean language teachers face and holds important implications for future professional development.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43879492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classifiers in Event and Nominal Plurality in Mandarin 事件分类器与普通话名词复数
Language research Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.31
Kyumin Kim
{"title":"Classifiers in Event and Nominal Plurality in\u0000 Mandarin","authors":"Kyumin Kim","doi":"10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Event plurality indicates multiplicity of an event. One of the major issues pertaining to event plurality in the literature has been the extent to which it is parallel to nominal plurality. The current literature suggests that event and nominal plurality are in parallel in that a plural event denotes a mass meaning similar to a bare plural noun that denotes mass. However, a plural event in some languages such as Mandarin does not show a mass meaning, and a bare plural noun is lacking in the language. This paper addresses a question of how to characterize a parallel between event and nominal plurality in Mandarin. It provides a novel proposal in which the parallel in Mandarin can be characterized in terms of corresponding classifiers in the event and nominal domains. A major contribution of this paper is that it suggests that event plurality is not a unified phenomenon similar to nominal plurality.","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42613081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-Faceted Aspects of Reconstruction in Korean Scrambling 朝鲜族争抢的多面性重构
Language research Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.87
Myungkwan Park
{"title":"Multi-Faceted Aspects of Reconstruction in Korean\u0000 Scrambling","authors":"Myungkwan Park","doi":"10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30961/LR.2021.57.1.87","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates reconstruction in Korean long-distance scrambling. Saito (1989) argues that in long-distance scrambling, a wh-phrase is undone or radically reconstructed to its underlying position. In this paper, adapting Keine and Poole’s (2018) analysis for the reconstruction of long-distance scrambled universal noun phrases (NPs) and indefinite NPs in Hindi-Urdu, we use Binding Condition (C) as a probe to test the validity of Saito’s (ibid.) thesis regarding the reconstruction of such NPs as well as wh-phrases in Korean. We show that both universal quantificational phrases and wh-phrases in Korean have their quantificational and wh-licensing element/features reconstructed, with the rest of the parts staying in their surface positions and thus being outside the scope of Condition (C). On the contrary, all the indefinite NPs in the language at issue can optionally undergo radical/total reconstruction, thus interacting with Condition (C).","PeriodicalId":89433,"journal":{"name":"Language research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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