{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-aminobenzothiazol with 4-fluorobenzoic acid co-crystal","authors":"Bubun Banerjee, Varun Sharma, Aditi Sharma, Gurpreet Kaur, Vikrant Gupta","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.206-213.2234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.206-213.2234","url":null,"abstract":"The co-crystal of 2-aminobenzothiazol with 4-fluorobenzoic acid were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral studies (FT-IR, NMR, HRMS) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. This compound co-crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.7869(14) Å, b = 4.0326(5) Å, c = 27.625(3) Å, β = 92.731(10)°, V = 1311.6(3) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293(2) K, μ(CuKα) = 2.345 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.470 g/cm3, 3568 reflections measured (7.508° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 134.202°), 2280 unique (Rint = 0.0262, Rsigma = 0.0413) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0446 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1274 (all data). The crystal structure is stabilized by elaborate system of N–H···O and O-H···O hydrogen bonds to form supramolecular structures. Furthermore, the 3D Hirshfeld surfaces and the associated 2D fingerprint plots have been analyzed for molecular interactions.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48305343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A theoretical density functional theory calculation-based analysis of conformers of p-xylene","authors":"M. Suhail","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.224-229.2237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.224-229.2237","url":null,"abstract":"Different conformers of many aliphatic compounds such as ethane, butane, cyclohexane and their derivatives have been studied to find the most reactive as well as the most stable conformer. For the first time, two conformers of p-xylene were found using theoretical DFT calculation and the vibrational modes, Raman activity, and other spectra of each conformer were also studied. The most significant data that clearly distinguished both conformers was depolarization spectra. Besides, many other parameters were found different in both conformers of p-xylene such as Mulliken charge’s, optimization energy, HOMO’s of both conformers. Also, the presented study predicts, why eclipsed conformer of p-xylene is more reactive than staggered conformer. The reactivity of the eclipsed form is explained on the basis of HOMO-LUMO energy gap. Also, the presented study opens the door for future work to be done because each conformer can produce a specific product. Moreover, the rates of reaction are also dependent on the conformers and their relative stability.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47636032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruchika Sharma, S. A. Sankpal, Pradeep Jangonda Patil, S. Murugavel, S. Sundramoorthy, R. Kant
{"title":"Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, DFT, Hirshfeld surfaces, energy frameworks, and molecular docking analysis of a bicyclic ortho-aminocarbonitrile derivative","authors":"Ruchika Sharma, S. A. Sankpal, Pradeep Jangonda Patil, S. Murugavel, S. Sundramoorthy, R. Kant","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.135-144.2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.135-144.2225","url":null,"abstract":"2-Amino-4-(2, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,3,3(4H)-tricarbonitrile has been synthesized and characterized by conventional spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and 1H NMR) and the three-dimensional structure elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies (SC-XRD). It exists in monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/c and lattice parameters: a = 14.641(13) Å, b = 8.653(4) Å, c = 16.609(10) Å, β = 116.34(3)°, and Z = 4. In the crystal packing, molecules are connected through N-H···O and N-H···N intermolecular and intramolecular C-H···O interactions. The N1-H11···N2 interaction results in the formation of a dimer corresponding to R22(12) graph-set motif. The molecular structure has been theoretically optimized by using density functional theory (DFT) with the basis set B3LYP/6-311G (d,p). The optimized bond geometry shows consistency with the SC-XRD data. Besides this, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Mulliken charges, and frontier molecular orbital analysis have been described. The dnorm, shape index, curvedness, crystal voids, 2D fingerprint (FP) plots, and 3D energy frameworks using Hirshfeld surface (HS) studies have also been computed and investigated. The molecular docking studies for 2-amino-4-(2, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4a,5,6,7-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,3,3(4H)-tricarbonitrile with DNA gyrase/lanosterol 14α-demethylase suggest that the compound may act as an active antimicrobial drug.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43792535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. A. Abdullatif, A. Michael, Y. A. Trabik, Miriam F. Ayad
{"title":"Critical assessment of smart calculation-based spectroscopy versus chemometric-assisted methods: Application to combined antibiotic formulations","authors":"H. A. Abdullatif, A. Michael, Y. A. Trabik, Miriam F. Ayad","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.214-223.2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.214-223.2236","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes a comparative study of two multivariate chemometric and univariate spectrophotometric methods for the determination of a ternary drug mixture containing oxytetracycline HCl, bromhexine HCl, and lidocaine HCl. All methods show high sensitivity and similar linearity range. Meanwhile, the chemometric method has the advantage of higher accuracy, higher specificity and better regression parameters. The two spectrophotometric methods are constant multiplication coupled with spectrum subtraction and successive ratio subtraction coupled with spectrum subtraction while the chemometric method used partial least square and principal component regression models. In addition, a spiking technique was used to increase the concentration of bromhexine HCl in the dosage form, allowing its determination despite its low contribution. Methods were successfully applied in the dosage form Oxyclear® veterinary injection in pure powder as well as in its pharmaceutical formulation. Statistical comparison showed no significant difference between the developed methods and the reference method.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46234595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chad Miller, Steven Schildcrout, Howard Mettee, Ganesaratnam Balendiran
{"title":"Molecular dynamics of fibric acids.","authors":"Chad Miller, Steven Schildcrout, Howard Mettee, Ganesaratnam Balendiran","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.186-195.2275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.2.186-195.2275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><sup>1</sup>H- and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR chemical shifts were measured for four fibric acids (bezafibrate, clofibric acid, fenofibric acid, and gemfibrozil), which are lipid-lowering drugs. Correlation is found with DFT-computed chemical shifts from the conformational analysis. Equilibrium populations of optimized conformers at 298 K are very different when based on computed Gibbs energies rather than on potential energies. This is due to the significant entropic advantages of extended rather than bent conformational shapes. Abundant conformers with intramolecular hydrogen bonding via five-member rings are computed for three fibric acids, but not gemfibrozil, which lacks suitable connectivity of carboxyl and phenoxy groups. Trends in computed atom-positional deviations, molecular volumes, surface areas, and dipole moments among the fibric acids and their constituent conformations indicate that bezafibrate has the greatest hydrophilicity and fenofibric acid has the greatest flexibility. Theoretical and experimental comparison of chemical shifts of standards with sufficient overlap of fragments containing common atoms, groups, and connectivity may provide a reliable minimal set to benchmark and generate leads.</p>","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":"13 2","pages":"186-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9387361/pdf/nihms-1824603.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40645625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Patil, M. G. Kotresh, T. S. Tilakraj, S. Inamdar
{"title":"Solvatochromism and ZINDO-IEFPCM solvation study on NHS ester activated AF514 and AF532 dyes: Evaluation of the dipole moments","authors":"M. Patil, M. G. Kotresh, T. S. Tilakraj, S. Inamdar","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.8-19.2123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.8-19.2123","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the solvatochromic effect on the photophysical properties of Alexa Fluor 514 (AF514) and Alexa Fluor 532 (AF532) fluorescent dyes is examined experimentally and computationally. To explore the solvatochromism and dipole moments, the steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectra of the dyes were measured in a series of organic solvents. Various solvent correlation models, like Bilot-Kawski, Lippert-Mataga, Bakhshiev, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet, and Reichardt microscopic solvent polarity parameters, were adapted to determine the dipole moments in their ground and excited states. For the computational investigation, the ground and excited-state geometries are optimized using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), respectively, in vacuum. Furthermore, semiempirical ZINDO with the IEF-PCM model is used to evaluate the absorption transition energies of these dyes, which are comparatively studied in various solvent polarity along with experimental data. Additionally, the highest occupied molecular orbital energies (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies (LUMO), chemical softness, chemical hardness, energy gap, chemical potential, electronegativity, and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were estimated using DFT calculations at the CAM-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level, in gas phase. The experimental and computational results reveal that the singlet excited state dipole moment is greater than that of the ground state for the molecules considered. The angle between ground- and singlet excited-state dipole moments are found to be 0.50 and 0.49° making them almost parallel to each other. The natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) has been employed to investigate the stability of the molecule, inter- and intra-hyper-conjugative interactions and charge delocalization within the molecule.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41525261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient, environment friendly and regioselective synthetic strategy for 2/3-substituted-8,8-dimethyl-8,9-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazolin-6(7H)-ones and their structure elucidation","authors":"Susma Das, Labet Bankynmaw Marpna, J. Vishwakarma","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.41-48.2168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.41-48.2168","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient and regioselective synthetic reaction friendly to the environment has been described to synthesize various derivatives of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinozolinone. Condensation of aminopyrazole (4a-m) with formylated dimedone (3) in the presence of KHSO4, under ultrasonic irradiation furnished 2/3-substituted 8,8-dimethyl-8,9-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazolin-6(7H)-one (6a-m). This is a clean reaction, giving excellent yields with short reaction time. The structures were elucidated with the help of spectral and analytical data. X-ray crystallographic studies of a model compound 6a ascertained its structural configuration, crystal data for C12H12BrN3O (M =294.152 g/mol): Triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 5.872(4) Å, b = 10.870(8) Å, c = 19.523(15) Å, α = 90.013(10)°, β = 90.009(11)°, γ = 93.838(11)°, V = 1243.3(16) Å3, Z = 4, T = 296.15 K, μ(Mo Kα) = 3.293 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.571 g/cm3, 37271 reflections measured (4.18° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 52.7°), 5073 unique (Rint = 0.2404, Rsigma = 0.2366) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0596 (I≥2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1759 (all data).","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47075673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of Ni(II) complex of 1,2-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazine","authors":"M. Sahu, A. K. Manna, Dinesh De, G. Patra","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.1-7.2166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.1-7.2166","url":null,"abstract":"We report the synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of Ni(II) perchlorate complex (1, Ni2L3·4ClO4·2CH3CN) of 1,2-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazine (L) ligand. The X-ray crystallographic study of complex 1 reveals that in the presence of Ni(II) ions,the ligand L forms a dimeric triple helix with a Ni(II)-Ni(II) distance of 3.794 Å. Crystal data for C40H36Cl4N14Ni2O16: Monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 20.7558(19) Å, b = 13.1937(12) Å, c = 20.0181(18) Å, β = 96.9510(10)°, V = 5441.6(9) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293.15 K, μ(MoKα) = 0.965 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.498 g/cm3, 38075 reflections measured (1.976° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 43.728°), 6557 unique (Rint = 0.0695, Rsigma = 0.0466) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0518 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1270 (all data). The Hirshfeld surface analysis of complex 1 shows that C···H, H···H, N···H and O···H interactions of 10.9, 26.4, 6.7, and 33.4%; respectively, which exposed that the main intermolecular interactions were H···H intermolecular interactions.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42529608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a new highly sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of cobalt at nanotrace levels in various complex matrices using N,N’-bis(salicylidene)-ethylenediamine","authors":"M. Ahmed, Tahmina Happy","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.20-32.2139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.20-32.2139","url":null,"abstract":"A new spectrophotometric reagent, N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-ethylenediamine (Salen), has been synthesized and characterized through novel reaction techniques. A very simple, ultrasensitive, and nonextractive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of the picotrace amount of cobalt (II) using Salen. Salen undergoes a reaction in a slightly acidic solution (0.001-0.003 M H2S04) with cobalt in 20% ethanol to give a light orange chelate, which has an absorption maximum at 459 nm. The reaction is instantaneous, and the absorbance remains stable for over 24 hours. The average molar absorption co-efficient and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 6.04×105 L/mol.cm and 5.0 ng/cm2 of Co, respectively. Linear calibration graphs were obtained for 0.001-40 mg/Lof Co with a detection limit of 0.1 µg/L and RSD of 0-2 %. The stoichiometric composition of the chelate is 1:1 (Co:Salen). A large excess of over 60 cations, anions and some common complexing agents such as chloride, azide, tartrate, EDTA, SCN- etc. do not interfere in the determination. The developed method was successfully used in the determination of cobalt in several Certified Reference Materials (Alloys, steel, bovine liver, human hair, drinking water, sewage sludge, soil, and sediments) as well as in some environmental waters (Potable and polluted), biological fluids (Human blood, urine, and milk), soil samples, food samples (Vegetables, rice, and wheat) and pharmaceutical samples and solutions containing both cobalt (II) and cobalt (III) as well as complex synthetic mixtures. The results of the proposed method for assessing biological, soil, food and vegetable samples were comparable with ICP-OES and AAS were found to be in excellent agreement. The method has high precision and accuracy (s = ±0.01 for 0.5 mg/L).","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48140876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyprian Chunkang Mikwa, G. M. Toh-Boyo, R. N. Njong, Bridget Ndosiri Ndoye, C. A. Ndamyabera, Natsuki Katsuumi, Yuta Mitani, E. Nfor, T. Akitsu
{"title":"Bivalent metal complexes of a novel modified nicotinic acid hydrazide drug: Synthesis, characterization, and anti-tubercular studies","authors":"Cyprian Chunkang Mikwa, G. M. Toh-Boyo, R. N. Njong, Bridget Ndosiri Ndoye, C. A. Ndamyabera, Natsuki Katsuumi, Yuta Mitani, E. Nfor, T. Akitsu","doi":"10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.63-68.2183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.13.1.63-68.2183","url":null,"abstract":"Iron(II) and manganese(II) complexes of N'-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)nicotinohydrazide (LH) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the ligand has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and electronic spectroscopic techniques. Crystal data for LH, C13H12N4O: Orthorhombic, space group Pbcn (no. 60), a = 18.0824(3) Å, b = 7.86555(14) Å, c = 16.1614(3) Å, V = 2298.60(7) Å3, Z = 8, T = 103 K, μ(Mo Kα) = 0.093 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.388 g/cm3, 36729 reflections measured (5.042° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.966°), 2633 unique (Rint = 0.0224, Rsigma = 0.0124) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0383 (F2>2σ(F2)) and wR2 was 0.0988 (all data). The ligand was found to chelate to the metal ions through the azomethine nitrogen and amide oxygen atoms in a bidentate manner. The anti-tubercular activity of the ligand, its iron (II) and manganese (II) complexes were studied against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ATTC 27294). The results revealed higher activity of the iron (II) complex with MIC value of 8.00±0.83 µM and a moderate activity of the manganese (II) complex having MIC value of 14.20±1.40 µM, compared to the reference drugs having MIC values of 9.41±0.92, 10.74±1.02, 25.34±2.6 µM and parent ligand with MIC value of 17.60±1.80 µM.","PeriodicalId":89364,"journal":{"name":"European journal of chemistry (Print)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42068964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}