Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal最新文献

{"title":"Victims’ Perceptions of Police Response to Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"Amy Leisenring","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2012.728926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2012.728926","url":null,"abstract":"Police officers have historically been criticized for ignoring the seriousness of intimate partner violence (IPV) and for dismissing victims’ needs. Many jurisdictions in the United States have implemented policies encouraging or mandating the arrest of IPV offenders in an attempt to address these shortcomings. However, a more aggressive police response has not necessarily changed victims’ perceptions of officers or improved victim–officer interactions. In this article, using both qualitative interview data and data from existing literature, I examine the victims’ understandings of IPV, particularly in the context of mandatory and preferred arrest policies, and consider how these understandings likely shape victims’ interactions with police officers. I also discuss implications for the future policing of IPV.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"146 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2012.728926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Text Messages Within a Crisis Negotiation: Help or Hindrance?","authors":"Louise Almond, M. Budden","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.593343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.593343","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory study aims to examine the use of text messaging as a communication method within crisis negotiations and draws upon the knowledge and experiences of trained crisis negotiators from around the world. A questionnaire (N = 207) and follow-up telephone interviews (N = 16) were utilized to ascertain if text messages are currently utilized in this environment; level of training being provided; what reservations negotiators have about using this method of communication; and, for those who have experience of using text messages, how it helped or hindered the negotiation process. Implications for practice and training are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.593343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threat Assessment and Law Enforcement Practice","authors":"A. Harris, A. Lurigio","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2012.645375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2012.645375","url":null,"abstract":"During the past 2 decades, the problem of targeted violence has attracted attention from policymakers, law enforcement authorities, and members of the general public. Concerns over targeted violence have grown in the aftermath of high-profile violent events and the perceived institutional failures that are thought to have contributed to those events. These events and others have become the backdrops for public policies, legislation, and law enforcement programs to prevent targeted violence. The ability to meet such challenges has required a departure from traditional law enforcement practices, as well as the adoption of new paradigms, the deployment of additional resources, and the cultivation of new skill sets among police personnel. This article examines the threat assessment model and its application to specific problems facing local law enforcement agencies. The article focuses on 3 main questions: What is the threat assessment model? How might the model be applied to specific types of targeted violence? What operational demands are associated with applying the threat assessment model in law enforcement agencies?","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"51 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2012.645375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components in a Hostage Negotiation Training Curriculum","authors":"Marcia Baruch, Nancy Zarse","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2012.641438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2012.641438","url":null,"abstract":"Careful study of critical incidents and their outcomes shows the value of hostage negotiation in reducing injuries and death to hostages, hostage takers, and responders. A comprehensive training program in hostage negotiation combines classroom lectures with group discussions and role playing. The nature of the critical incident, type of perpetrator, and violence risk potential guide the negotiation strategies. Survival strategies and differences in law enforcement contexts are also reviewed. This article describes the components of a state-of-the-art hostage negotiation training program.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"39 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2012.641438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of “Contemporary Theory, Research, and Practice of Crisis and Hostage Negotiation”","authors":"Courtney Waite Miller","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.598330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.598330","url":null,"abstract":"According to the most recent statistics from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI) Hostage, Barricade, and Suicide database, hostage and other crisis situations are an almost daily occurrence for law enforcement personnel. Negotiation is the primary means by which such situations are resolved, and as a result, crisis negotiation has become an important area of academic study. Randall G. Rogan and Frederick J. Lanceley seek to advance knowledge in this area by compiling an edited volume of recent findings and writings from academic areas such as communication and psychology coupled with work by former law enforcement personnel with significant experience in crisis and hostage negotiation. Rogan and Lanceley more than achieve their goal. Contemporary Theory, Research, and Practice of Crisis and Hostage Negotiation is a significant compilation of crisis and hostage research that highlights the importance of integrating academic research with the on-the-job experience of law enforcement personnel. Rogan and Lanceley are uniquely suited to this task as Rogan is a professor of communication who specializes in crisis negotiation research, and Lanceley is a retired FBI agent who worked hundreds of crisis and hostage situations and now trains law enforcement officers in this area. Their broad interdisciplinary approach should appeal to readers in a variety of fields such as communication, psychology, sociology, and criminal justice. The text also would be an excellent addition to a primary text in courses focused on negotiation, whether in criminal justice or in other fields. Much of the text is broadly applicable to conflict situations as a whole and does not apply to only crisis/hostage negotiation situations. The text discusses crisis and hostage research in an engaging style that readers at a variety of levels of expertise can understand and apply. The editors wrote the first chapter, which describes the importance of crisis and hostage research and situates the text in its communication-based perspective. Chapter 2 provides definitions important to the study of hostage and crisis negotiation. Robert J. Louden reviews a brief history of notable hostage situations that spotlighted the need for a formal study and practice of crisis and hostage negotiation. He discusses early work in this area by the New York Police Department and the FBI and also outlines early academic research.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"78 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.598330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hostage Negotiators: Managing Psychological Stress","authors":"Steven C. Norton, M. Petz","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.623021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.623021","url":null,"abstract":"Hostage negotiation is a complex and intense process. A variety of psychological stressors affect all members of the negotiation team. These stressors range from interactions with hostile and threatening hostage takers to the extended time span of some negotiations. Psychological stress can decrease the abilities of negotiators and potentially have a negative impact on the process of negotiations. This article is a review of the various stressors hostage negotiators may face and will describe stress management techniques specific to hostage negotiation. It is hoped this review and recommendations will increase the effectiveness of negotiations.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"28 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.623021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Police Response to Critical Incidents in Academic Institutions","authors":"L. Martínez","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2012.646900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2012.646900","url":null,"abstract":"The threat of an assailant entering an academic institution has compelled law enforcement agencies to revise their tactical response during a critical incident. Police officials believe that today's predominant threat to academic institutions is an armed assailant. This article will examine the new procedures that both academic and law enforcement officials have implemented in safeguarding our nation's schools. School officials have initiated new emergency plans to address this potential academic crisis, and police agencies across the nation have begun to implement training programs to address this volatile threat that has placed both law enforcement agencies and academic institutions on alert. Police officials have determined that officers’ response time is detrimental to the safety of our nation's schools, and with this new officer training program, their officers will minimize the number of casualties during a critical incident in academic institutions.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"69 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2012.646900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Profiles of School Shooters: Positive Directions and One Big Wrong Turn","authors":"C. Ferguson, Mark C. Coulson, Jane Barnett","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.581523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.581523","url":null,"abstract":"A wave of school shootings in the mid- to late 1990s led to great interest in attempts to “profile” school shooters with an eye both on identifying imminent perpetrators and preventing further incidents. Given that school shootings are generally rare, and many perpetrators are killed during their crimes, the availability of school shooters for research is obviously limited. Not surprisingly, initial profiles of school shooters were arguably of limited value. Although school shooting incidents, particularly by minors, have declined, some evidence has emerged to elucidate the psychological elements of school shooting incidents. School shooting incidents may follow extreme versions of etiological pathways seen for less extreme youth violence, and youthful school shooters appear more similar than different to adult perpetrators of mass shootings. The quest to understanding school shootings has led to several wrong turns, most notably the quixotic desire by politicians, advocates, and some scholars to link both school shootings and less extreme youth violence to playing violent video games, despite considerable and increasing evidence to the contrary.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"141 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.581523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59872884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to Threats: A Case Study of Power and Influence in a Hostage Negotiation Event","authors":"J. P. Borowsky","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.523300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.523300","url":null,"abstract":"One of the defining characteristics of hostage negotiations is the struggle for control that occurs during the negotiation process. In hostage negotiation events both parties attempt to exert power in order to influence the actions of the other party. This case study reveals that the negotiator and the hostage taker adopt very different strategies in order to accomplish these goals. For the hostage taker, attempts to exert power within the interaction often take the form of threats of harming the hostage. Alternatively, the negotiator exerts power by utilizing various discursive negotiation strategies in order to develop rapport and conversational flexibility. This case study identifies several strategies employed by the negotiator in order to diffuse the hostage taker's threats and demands, while simultaneously exerting power in the interaction.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.523300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59873033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Relationship Between Law Enforcement and School Security Measures and Violent Crime in Schools","authors":"Wesley G. Jennings, David N. Khey, Jon Maskály, Christopher M. Donner","doi":"10.1080/15332586.2011.581511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15332586.2011.581511","url":null,"abstract":"School crime is a vital concern, not only for students and faculty, but for administrators, policy makers, criminal justice personnel, and concerned citizens. Efforts to reduce crime and violence at schools have led many schools to adopt preventative strategies aimed at reducing actual crime and fear of crime. These measures include partnering with local police departments and implementing school resource officers, installing video cameras and closed circuit television systems, utilizing weapon-detection systems (e.g., metal detectors), and blocking/restricting access to school facilities with entry-control devices (e.g., electronic key cards). Recognizing these efforts and the limitations of prior research investigating school crime and safety measures, the current study examined the relationship between law enforcement (public or private) and school security measures on the incidence of violence and serious violence in schools using a nationally representative sample. Several key findings emerged. In particular, employing student resource officers and dealing with problems of bullying, racial tensions, student disrespect, and gangs appear promising in mitigating problems on high school campuses across the United States.","PeriodicalId":89175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of police crisis negotiations : an international journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"109 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15332586.2011.581511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59872819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}