Bioengineered bugs最新文献_第5页

Anti-mycobacterial peptides: made to order with delivery included. 抗分枝杆菌肽:订制，包括送货。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.16229

James Carroll, Jim O' Mahony

{"title":"Anti-mycobacterial peptides: made to order with delivery included.","authors":"James Carroll, Jim O' Mahony","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.16229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16229","url":null,"abstract":"\"TB is too often a death sentence. It does not have to be this way,\"- Nelson Mandela. Despite the success of anti-mycobacterial drugs over the past 70 years, mycobacterial disease, particularly tuberculosis is still responsible for millions of annual deaths worldwide. Additionally, the emergence of Multidrug Resistant (MDR-TB) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR-TB) Tuberculosis has motivated calls by the World Health Organization (WHO) for novel drugs, vaccines and diagnostic tests. Consequently, the identification and evaluation of a range of anti-mycobacterial compounds against pathogenic mycobacterial species is of paramount importance. My colleagues and I at Cork Institute of Technology (CIT) and University College Cork (UCC) have tackled this issue through the initial optimization of the rapid, robust and inexpensive microtitre alamarBlue assay (MABA) and subsequent employment of this assay to facilitate the rapid assessment of a new wave of potential therapeutic compounds, namely bacteriocins, in particular type 1 bacteriocins known as lantibiotics. The gene encoded nature of these peptides facilitates their genetic manipulation and consequent activities as anti-microbial agents. In this regard, it may be possible to one day develop diverse populations of anti-mycobacterial bacteriocins with species specific activities. This may in turn provide more targeted therapies, resulting in less side effects, shorter treatment times and thus better patient compliance. Although current drug regimes are effective in the interim, previous lessons have taught us not to be complacent. In the words of the Intel founder Andrew Grove, 'Success breeds complacency. Complacency breeds failure. Only the paranoid survive'. Armed with knowledge of previous failures, it is the duty of the scientific community to anticipate future bacterial resistance and have an arsenal of compounds standing by in such an eventuality.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"241-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30107272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Developing strategies to enhance and focus humoral immune responses using filamentous phage as a model antigen. 利用丝状噬菌体作为模型抗原，开发增强和聚焦体液免疫反应的策略。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.16559

Kevin A Henry, Armstrong Murira, Nienke E van Houten, Jamie K Scott

{"title":"Developing strategies to enhance and focus humoral immune responses using filamentous phage as a model antigen.","authors":"Kevin A Henry, Armstrong Murira, Nienke E van Houten, Jamie K Scott","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.16559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16559","url":null,"abstract":"Filamentous bacteriophage are commonly used as immunogenic carriers for peptides and proteins displayed on the phage surface. Previously, we showed that immunization with phage to which peptides had been chemically conjugated can elicit a focused anti-peptide antibody response compared with traditional carrier molecules bearing the same peptide, perhaps due to the low surface complexity of the phage. The regularity of its surface also gives the phage other advantages as a carrier, including immunological simplicity and thousands of well-defined sites for chemical conjugation. More recently, we showed that focusing of antibody responses against 'target' peptides was enhanced when the phage's molecular surface was simplified by removal of immunodominant B-cell epitopes present on the minor coat protein, pIII. The pIII-truncated variant elicits an antibody response that is largely restricted to the exposed N-terminus of the major coat protein, pVIII, and to phage-associated bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and a significant fraction of this response cross-reacts with a 12-residue peptide covering the surface-exposed region of pVIII. This allows one to track antibody responses against the phage (and any associated haptens) as they develop over time, and characterize them using a combination of serological, flow cytometric, cellular and immunogenetic assays. The filamentous phage thus provides an excellent model system for studying various aspects of the antibody response, all with the goal of targeting antibody production against weakly immunogenic peptides, proteins and carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"275-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30216813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Heterologous activation of the Porphyra tenera HSP70 promoter in Bangiophycean algal cells. 斑藻细胞中卟啉HSP70启动子的异源激活。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.16938

Ryo Hirata, Won-Joong Jeong, Naotsune Saga, Koji Mikami

{"title":"Heterologous activation of the Porphyra tenera HSP70 promoter in Bangiophycean algal cells.","authors":"Ryo Hirata, Won-Joong Jeong, Naotsune Saga, Koji Mikami","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.16938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16938","url":null,"abstract":"Porphyra has attracted great attention for its biological and industrial importance. However, establishment of a stable nuclear transformation has not yet been achieved in these organisms, which impedes the molecular biological study and the development of a molecular breeding method for them. Toward establishing the stable transformation, we have recently developed an efficient transient gene expression system in Bangiophycean algae, in which the HSP70 promoter from P. tenera (PtHSP70 promoter) was activated heterologously in P. yezoensis cells. Since heterologous promoters are required for homologous recombination-based stable transformation, the identification of heterologously activated promoters is important in establishing a stable transformation system in individual Bangiophycean alga. We here examined the activation of the PtHSP70 promoter using the GC-rich PyGUS reporter system in additional Porphyra and Bangia species. The results indicated that this promoter drove expression of the PyGUS gene efficiently in all examined algae, whereas there was quite low expression of PyGUS by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter that is widely used as a heterologous promoter in the transformation of green land plants. Therefore, heterologous activation of the PtHSP70 promoter could promote the establishment of the stable transformation system in various kinds of Bangiophycean algae.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"271-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30139503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The toxin and antidote puzzle: new ways to control insect pest populations through manipulating inheritance. 毒素和解毒剂难题:通过操纵遗传控制害虫种群的新方法。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.15801

John M Marshall

引用次数: 7

Miniaturized bacterial biosensor system for arsenic detection holds great promise for making integrated measurement device. 小型化的细菌生物传感器砷检测系统在制作集成测量装置方面具有广阔的应用前景。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.17236

Nina Buffi, Davide Merulla, Julien Beutier, Fanny Barbaud, Siham Beggah, Harald van Lintel, Philippe Renaud, Jan Roelof van der Meer

{"title":"Miniaturized bacterial biosensor system for arsenic detection holds great promise for making integrated measurement device.","authors":"Nina Buffi, Davide Merulla, Julien Beutier, Fanny Barbaud, Siham Beggah, Harald van Lintel, Philippe Renaud, Jan Roelof van der Meer","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.17236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.17236","url":null,"abstract":"Combining bacterial bioreporters with microfluidics systems holds great promise for in-field detection of chemical or toxicity targets. Recently we showed how Escherichia coli cells engineered to produce a variant of green fluorescent protein after contact to arsenite and arsenate can be encapsulated in agarose beads and incorporated into a microfluidic chip to create a device for in-field detection of arsenic, a contaminant of well known toxicity and carcinogenicity in potable water both in industrialized and developing countries. Cell-beads stored in the microfluidics chip at -20°C retained inducibility up to one month and we were able to reproducibly discriminate concentrations of 10 and 50 μg arsenite per L (the drinking water standards for European countries and the United States, and for the developing countries, respectively) from the blank in less than 200 minutes. We discuss here the reasons for decreasing bioreporter signal development upon increased storage of cell beads but also show how this decrease can be reduced, leading to a faster detection and a longer lifetime of the device.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"296-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.17236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30215786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

An in silico analysis of osmotolerance in the emerging gastrointestinal pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii. 新兴胃肠道病原体阪崎克罗诺杆菌渗透耐受性的计算机分析。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.17238

Audrey Feeney, Roy D Sleator

{"title":"An in silico analysis of osmotolerance in the emerging gastrointestinal pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii.","authors":"Audrey Feeney, Roy D Sleator","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.17238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.17238","url":null,"abstract":"Up to 80% of infants infected with Cronobacter sakazakii die within days of birth, making this emerging gastrointestinal pathogen a serious cause for concern. The mode of transmission most often associated with C. sakazakii infection is powdered infant formula (PIF), which typically has a water activity (aw) of ca 0.2--inhospitable to most bacterial pathogens. In the current study a comparative genomic approach was used to investigate the distinctive ability of this pathogen to survive and persist in such low aW conditions. A comprehensive review of the mechanisms involved in bacterial osmoadaptation was followed by an exhaustive homology transfer based approach to identify putative osmotolerance loci in the C. sakazakii genome. In total 53 osmotoleance loci were identified, including both hyper- and hypo-osmotic stress response systems, helping to construct a concise overview of the C. sakazakii osmotolerance response. Interestingly, while C. sakazakii contains homologues of all the principal osmotolerance loci of Escherichia coli; a key difference is that C. sakazakii contains multiple copies of certain osmotolerance loci; including seven copies of the E. coli proP homologue and two copies of OpuC--a multi component carnitine uptake system associated with Listeria monocytogenes and which has also been found to transport other compatible solutes such as glycine betaine, proline, ectoine and choline. Furthermore, the osmotic stress response of C. sakazakii appears to be regulated at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels, with RpoS most likely functioning as the global transcriptional regulator of the osmotolerance response.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"260-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.17238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30143363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

A non-specific effect of orally administered Escherichia coli. 口服大肠杆菌的非特异性作用。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.16115

Roman Gardlik

{"title":"A non-specific effect of orally administered Escherichia coli.","authors":"Roman Gardlik","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.16115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16115","url":null,"abstract":"A number of genetically modified bacteria able to deliver a therapeutic gene into target cells has already been tested. Apart from the expected effects of bacterial therapy, the therapeutic bacterial strain also mediates a non-specific effect independent of the gene to be delivered. In this regard, we have recently shown that oral administration of the bacterial strain Escherichia coli XL1-Blue via gastric gavage to rats leads to a non-specific decrease in expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in intestinal wall without corresponding changes in other parameters. We tried to adopt a model of intestinal ischemia and to treat the subsequent hypoxic condition using a strain carrying the effector plasmid encoding hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1alpha), as well as the helper plasmid encoding invasion and listeriolysin O. However, the model was ineffective, as obvious from macroscopic and molecular observations. We hypothesize that a competitive behavior of the administered strain in the intestinal microbiota leads to a decrease in activity of HIF-1alpha and reduction in expression of VEGF. Also, a functional disease model would be necessary for the invasion-expressing therapeutic strain to be effective. A different approach using bacterial protein delivery would possibly circumvent these bactofection-related problems.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"288-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30107269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Tools used to study how protein complexes are assembled in signaling cascades. 用于研究蛋白质复合物如何在信号级联中组装的工具。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.17844

Susan Dwane, Patrick A Kiely

引用次数: 0

Impact of a new glucose utilization pathway in amino acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum. 一种新的葡萄糖利用途径对产生氨基酸的谷氨酸棒状杆菌的影响。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.17116

Steffen N Lindner, Gerd M Seibold, Reinhard Krämer, Volker F Wendisch

引用次数: 27

MrBac: a web server for draft metabolic network reconstructions for bacteria. MrBac:一个用于细菌代谢网络重建的网络服务器。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.5.16113

Yu-Chieh Liao, Julie Chih-Yu Chen, Min-Hsin Tsai, Yueh-Hsia Tang, Feng-Chi Chen, Chao A Hsiung

{"title":"MrBac: a web server for draft metabolic network reconstructions for bacteria.","authors":"Yu-Chieh Liao, Julie Chih-Yu Chen, Min-Hsin Tsai, Yueh-Hsia Tang, Feng-Chi Chen, Chao A Hsiung","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.5.16113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16113","url":null,"abstract":"Genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction can be used for simulating cellular behaviors by simultaneously monitoring thousands of biochemical reactions, and is therefore important for systems biology studies in microbes. However, the labor-intensive and time-consuming reconstruction process has hindered the progress of this important field. Here we present a web server, MrBac (Metabolic network Reconstructions for Bacteria), to streamline the network reconstruction process for draft genome-scale metabolic networks and to provide annotation information from multiple databases for further curation of the draft reconstructions. MrBac integrates comparative genomics, retrieval of genome annotations, and generation of standard systems biology file format ready for network analyses. We also used MrBac to automatically generate a draft metabolic model of Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium LT2. The high similarity between this automatic model and the experimentally validated models further supports the usefulness and accuracy of MrBac. The high efficiency and accuracy of MrBac may accelerate the advances of systems biology studies on microbiology. MrBac is freely available at http://sb.nhri.org.tw/MrBac.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 5","pages":"284-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.5.16113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30216812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9