Bioengineered bugs最新文献_第10页

Beware of metaphors: chasses and orthogonality in synthetic biology. 小心隐喻:合成生物学中的质量和正交性。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.1.13388

Víctor de Lorenzo

{"title":"Beware of metaphors: chasses and orthogonality in synthetic biology.","authors":"Víctor de Lorenzo","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.1.13388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.1.13388","url":null,"abstract":"Every descriptive language is not only metaphoric and interpretative, but it is also developed (or adopted) ad hoc to fulfill a certain agenda. Even the hardcore scientific languages of mathematics and physics are not entirely neutral--let alone the much softer terminology of biology. We use metaphors all the time in science and that is useful as long as they serve their purpose well and we are aware of them. But it is a serious mistake to identify uncritically the thing and the metaphors employed to bring the thing to mind. I address here two of the most sparkling metaphors brought about by synthetic biology: chassis and orthogonality--the first borrowed instance from engineering of vehicles, and the second from computer terminology (itself borrowed from mathematics). For the sake of simplicity the discussion is limited to the connotation of these two concepts in the prokaryotic realm. The power of such metaphors from describing the state of affairs in synthetic biology and for setting a vigorous research and technology schedule is analyzed. Awareness of the meta-languages and allegories that are being adopted by the SB community should help to frame other controversial concepts such as artificial cells or synthetic life.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.1.13388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30213492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Genetic improvement of butanol tolerance in Escherichia coli by cell surface expression of fish metallothionein. 利用鱼金属硫蛋白细胞表面表达对大肠杆菌丁醇耐受性的遗传改良。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.2.1.13425

Kuo Hsing Lin, Wei Chih Chin, Ang Hsuan Lee, Chieh Chen Huang

{"title":"Genetic improvement of butanol tolerance in Escherichia coli by cell surface expression of fish metallothionein.","authors":"Kuo Hsing Lin, Wei Chih Chin, Ang Hsuan Lee, Chieh Chen Huang","doi":"10.4161/bbug.2.1.13425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.2.1.13425","url":null,"abstract":"Cysteine-rich metallothioneins (MTs) have been reported to possess the capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant strains of Escherichia coli expressing outer membrane protein C (OmpC) fused with MTs from human, mouse and tilapia displayed the ability for such surface-localized MTs to scavenge extracellular free radicals, but the benefits of the possible applications of this capacity have not yet been demonstrated. Because the intrinsic butanol tolerance of microbes has become an impediment for biological butanol production, we examined whether surface-displayed MTs could contribute to butanol tolerance. The results show that strains expressing OmpC-MT fusion proteins had higher butanol tolerance than strains with cytoplasmically expressed MTs. Furthermore, the OmpC-tilapia MT fusion protein enhanced butanol tolerance more strongly than other recombinant constructs. Although the enhanced level of tolerance was not as high as that provided by OmpC-tilapia MT, over-expression of OmpC was also found to contribute to butanol tolerance. These results suggest that free-radical scavenging by MT and OmpC-related osmoregulation enhance butanol tolerance. Our results shed new light on methods for engineering bacteria with higher butanol tolerance.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"2 1","pages":"55-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.2.1.13425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29910144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Therapeutic implications of the enhanced short and long-term cytotoxicity of radiation treatment followed by oncolytic parvovirus H-1 infection in high-grade glioma cells. 高级别胶质瘤细胞中溶瘤细小病毒H-1感染后放射治疗增强的短期和长期细胞毒性的治疗意义

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.12943

Karsten Geletneky, Andreas D Hartkopf, Robert Krempien, Jean Rommelaere, Joerg R Schlehofer

{"title":"Therapeutic implications of the enhanced short and long-term cytotoxicity of radiation treatment followed by oncolytic parvovirus H-1 infection in high-grade glioma cells.","authors":"Karsten Geletneky, Andreas D Hartkopf, Robert Krempien, Jean Rommelaere, Joerg R Schlehofer","doi":"10.4161/bbug.1.6.12943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12943","url":null,"abstract":"The prognosis of malignant brain tumors remains extremely bad in spite of moderate improvements of conventional treatments. A promising alternative approach is the use of oncolytic viruses. Strategies to improve viral toxicity include the combination of oncolytic viruses with standard therapies. Parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV) is an oncolytic virus with proven toxicity in glioma cells. Recently it has been demonstrated that the combination of ionizing radiation (IR) with H-1PV showed promising results. Previously irradiated glioma cells remained fully permissive for H-1PV induced cytotoxicity supporting the use of H-1PV for recurrent gliomas, which typically arise from irradiated cell clones. When glioma cells were infected with H-1PV shortly (24 h) after IR, cell killing improved and only the combination of both treatments lead to complete long-term tumor cell killing. The latter finding raises the question whether IR in combination with H-1PV exerts an additional therapeutic effect on highly resistant glioma stem cells. A likely translation into current clinical treatment protocols is to use stereotactic radiation of non-resectable recurrent gliomas followed by intratumoral injection of H-1PV to harvest the synergistic effects of combination treatment.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"1 6","pages":"429-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12943","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29795511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Lantibiotics as prospective antimycobacterial agents. 抗生素作为潜在的抗真菌药物。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.13855

John Donaghy

引用次数: 7

Methotrexate supports in vivo selection of human embryonic stem cell derived-hematopoietic cells expressing dihydrofolate reductase. 甲氨蝶呤支持表达二氢叶酸还原酶的人胚胎干细胞衍生的造血细胞的体内选择。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.12390

Jennifer L Gori, R Scott McIvor, Dan S Kaufman

{"title":"Methotrexate supports in vivo selection of human embryonic stem cell derived-hematopoietic cells expressing dihydrofolate reductase.","authors":"Jennifer L Gori, R Scott McIvor, Dan S Kaufman","doi":"10.4161/bbug.1.6.12390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12390","url":null,"abstract":"Human embryonic stem cells (hES Cs) are an attractive alternative cell source for hematopoietic gene therapy applications as the cells are easily modified with lentiviral or other vectors and can be subsequently induced to differentiate into hematopoietic progenitor cells. However, demonstration of the full hematopoietic potential of hESC-derived progeny is challenging due to low marrow engraftment and the difficulty of detecting cells in the peripheral blood of human/mouse xenografts. Methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy coupled with expression of a drug resistant dihydrofolate reductase such as Tyr22 (Tyr22DHFR) has the potential to selectively increase engraftment of gene-modified human hematopoietic cells in mice, which would allow for better phenotypic characterization of hESC-derived cells in vivo. We showed that hES Cs transduced with Tyr22DHFR-GFP encoding lentivirus vectors differentiate into MTX resistant (MTXr) hemato-endothelial cells. MTX treatment of immunodeficient mice infused with Tyr22DHFR hESC-derived hemato-endothelial cells increased the long-term engraftment of human cells in the bone marrow of MTX-treated mice. In contrast to previous studies, these results indicate that MTX administration has the potential to support in vivo selection that is maintained after cessation of treatment. The MTX/Tyr22DHFR system may therefore be useful for enrichment of gene-modified cell populations in human stem cell and gene therapy applications.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"1 6","pages":"434-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29795513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Modular electron transfer circuits for synthetic biology: insulation of an engineered biohydrogen pathway. 合成生物学的模块化电子传递电路:工程生物氢途径的绝缘。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.12462

Christina M Agapakis, Pamela A Silver

引用次数: 27

Bacteria as vectors for gene therapy of cancer. 细菌作为肿瘤基因治疗的载体。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.13146

Chwanrow K Baban, Michelle Cronin, Deirdre O'Hanlon, Gerald C O'Sullivan, Mark Tangney

引用次数: 155

Listeria monocytogenes: at the coalface of host-pathogen research. 单核细胞增生李斯特菌：宿主-病原体研究的核心。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.13424

Conor O'Byrne, Marta Utratna

{"title":"Listeria monocytogenes: at the coalface of host-pathogen research.","authors":"Conor O'Byrne, Marta Utratna","doi":"10.4161/bbug.1.6.13424","DOIUrl":"10.4161/bbug.1.6.13424","url":null,"abstract":"Listeria monocytogenes is a highly adaptable food-borne pathogen that causes the life threatening illness listeriosis in infected individuals. Within the host this bacterium invades cells, escapes into the host cell cytosol and replicates intracellularly. To achieve this L. monocytogenes has evolved a sophisticated set of molecular weaponry that allows it to interact with and manipulate the cell biology of the host to its own advantage. Many of these interactions are well understood, putting this pathogen at the forefront of host-pathogen research, but fascinating new interactions are still emerging. The seventeenth International Symposium on Problems of Listeriosis (ISOPOL) was held in Portugal (Porto) in May of this year and this report describes some of the exciting developments that were presented at the meeting. The report focuses on developments in understanding the molecular interactions between L. monocytogenes and the host; it describes novel uses for L. monocytogenes as an anti-cancer treatment; and it describes some innovative uses of transcriptional profiling and reporter gene fusions that are helping illuminate our understanding of the basic biology of this important pathogen.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"1 6","pages":"371-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056086/pdf/bbug0106_0371.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30211502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering scalable biological systems. 工程可扩展的生物系统。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.13086

Timothy K Lu

引用次数: 11

Metabolic engineering for improved microbial pentose fermentation. 改进微生物戊糖发酵的代谢工程。

Bioengineered bugs Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.4161/bbug.1.6.12724

Sara Fernandes, Patrick Murray

{"title":"Metabolic engineering for improved microbial pentose fermentation.","authors":"Sara Fernandes, Patrick Murray","doi":"10.4161/bbug.1.6.12724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12724","url":null,"abstract":"Global concern over the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and the detrimental impact that combustion of these materials has on the environment, is focusing attention on initiatives to create sustainable approaches for the production and use of biofuels from various biomass substrates. The development of a low-cost, safe and eco-friendly process for the utilization of renewable resources to generate value-added products with biotechnological potential as well as robust microorganisms capable of efficient fermentation of all types of sugars are essential to underpin the economic production of biofuels from biomass feedstocks. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the most established fermentation yeast used in large scale bioconversion strategies, does not however metabolise the pentose sugars, xylose and arabinose and bioengineering is required for introduction of efficient pentose metabolic pathways and pentose sugar transport proteins for bioconversion of these substrates. Our approach provided a basis for future experiments that may ultimately lead to the development of industrial S. cerevisiae strains engineered to express pentose metabolising proteins from thermophilic fungi living on decaying plant material and here we expand our original article and discuss the strategies implemented to improve pentose fermentation.","PeriodicalId":89091,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineered bugs","volume":"1 6","pages":"424-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bbug.1.6.12724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29795510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48