Biogeochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing iron-bound organic carbon in cold seep sediment cores: impacts of anaerobic oxidation of methane","authors":"Yang Wu,&nbsp;Qianyong Liang,&nbsp;Huachun Liu,&nbsp;Jinpeng Wang,&nbsp;Xi Xiao,&nbsp;Yifei Dong,&nbsp;Binbin Guo,&nbsp;Xin Ni,&nbsp;Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01334-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01334-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reactive iron oxides (Fe_R), often termed the “rusty sink” of organic carbon (OC), has been well studied in estuarine settings but remains poorly constrained in deep-sea sediments. Here, we investigate reactive iron-bound OC (Fe_R-OC) dynamics in cold seep sediments from the Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, with emphasis on the role of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). The relative contribution of Fe_R-OC to total OC (<i>f</i>_FeR-OC) ranged from 5.2 to 40.0% (mean: 15.7% ± 8.1%) and decreased from reference sites to methane-rich sediments, primarily due to iron oxide sulfidization and subsequent pyrite formation. Methane-derived OC accounted for 0–11.1% of TOC (2.2 ± 2.6%) and 0–12.7% of Fe_R-OC (3.8 ± 4.1%), with higher values in sulfate-methane transition zones (SMTZs) than in non-SMTZ layers. These results indicate that sulfate-dependent AOM is a major source of methane-derived OC, which associates with Fe_R through adsorption and co-precipitation, partially offsetting the decline in <i>f</i>_FeR-OC. The greater contribution of methane-derived OC to Fe_R-OC than to bulk TOC, together with more depleted δ¹³C_FeR-OC relative to δ¹³C_TOC, supports the preferential binding of methane-derived OC by Fe_R. Importantly, Fe_R and Fe_R-OC in methane-rich sediments were not primarily controlled by bulk Fe content but rather by TOC source and the Fe_R-OC/Fe_R values. Collectively, our findings reveal dual processes of Fe_R-OC preservation—loss through sulfidization and retention via methane-derived OC—and underscore the significance of AOM-driven iron–carbon coupling for carbon sequestration in deep-sea environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01334-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of tree species with contrasting litter qualities on soil carbon storage along the soil development gradient","authors":"Lucie Hüblová,&nbsp;Ivo Světlík,&nbsp;Jan Frouz","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01333-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01333-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous research indicates that the effects of tree species on carbon (C) storage differ with soil age. It has been hypothesized that in young soils, trees with low carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) litter promote C accumulation in mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and mineral soil layer, while in mature soils, trees with high C:N litter support C storage in the particulate organic matter (POM) and organic soil layer. To test this, we studied adjacent forest stands of alder (low C:N litter) and spruce (high C:N litter) planted on a 50-year-old post-mining spoil heap (young soil) and in the surrounding landscape (&gt; 1,000 years, mature soil). Spruce stored more C in the organic soil layer across both soil ages. In young soil, alder stored more C in the mineral soil layer and MAOM-containing fractions (silt and clay, microaggregates), while no differences between tree species were observed in mature soil. Contrary to our expectations, no significant differences were found for C storage in POM fraction. Our results indicate that low C:N litter of alder promoted high C stocks in MAOM-containing fractions in young soil, but differences between tree species disappeared as the capacity for further C stabilization declined in mature soil. In contrast, high C:N litter of spruce enhanced C accumulation in the organic layer, contributing to greater C storage in mature soil. These findings show the necessity of considering both tree species and soil age when selecting appropriate C storage strategies and highlight the need for context-specific afforestation and reforestation approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01333-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent impact of oxygen availability on the fate of two carbon substrates in soil","authors":"Fiona M. Ellsworth,&nbsp;Richard E. Marinos","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01323-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01323-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interactions between soil carbon (C), microbes, and minerals drive stabilization and destabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC), and understanding these processes is central to constraining timescales of SOC persistence. Fluctuating soil redox conditions control both C cycling by microbes and the formation of mineral-organic associations. To examine these impacts, we tracked the partitioning of two C substrates with different mineral sorptive affinities and bioenergetic yields under fluctuating soil redox conditions to investigate how redox status modulates the outcomes of substrate-mineral, and substrate-microbial interactions. We performed a five-month soil incubation experiment using ¹³C-labeled oxalate and glucose under four soil redox regimes: persistently aerobic, intermittently aerobic (two treatments) and persistently anaerobic. We determined the partitioning of added substrates into respired carbon dioxide (CO₂) and soil C pools. We found that, on average, 7 times more added glucose C was retained as SOC compared to oxalate C under persistent or intermittently aerobic treatments, but there were no differences between glucose and oxalate retention under anaerobic conditions. On average, 3 times more oxalate C was retained as SOC under anaerobic compared to either persistent or intermittently aerobic treatments. Our results suggest that substrate bioenergetic yield is a key predictor of new soil C stabilization when oxygen is available, even if intermittently. When anaerobiosis is sustained, however, the high sorptive affinity of oxalate may promote direct mineral association by new C. This work highlights the importance of considering the molecular characteristics of simple, low molecular weight C substrates when investigating SOC dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01323-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic origin and clay-assisted sink of ‘visible phosphorus’ in a shallow, calcareous lake","authors":"Kornél Rácz,&nbsp;Ilona Nyirő-Kósa,&nbsp;Regina Kövér,&nbsp;Zsombor Molnár,&nbsp;Boglárka Somogyi,&nbsp;Attila W. Kovács,&nbsp;Vera Istvánovics,&nbsp;Mihály Pósfai","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01329-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01329-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phosphorus (P) released from calcareous lake sediments causes harmful algal blooms but neither the mineralogical speciation of P, nor the mechanisms of its mobilization are well understood. Lake Balaton is a model for a shallow, large lake with a silty sediment dominated by carbonate minerals. To study particulate P speciation, we used scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), targeting ‘visible P’, i.e., particles in which the concentration of P exceeded the detection limit (∼0.2 wt% P) of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). We used electron diffraction and high-resolution imaging to identify various crystalline phosphate phases. Three main types of P-rich nanoparticles were identified in the lake, including (1) intracellular, amorphous polyphosphate (polyP) particles in algal cells; (2) extracellular amorphous nanoparticles near cells; and (3) amorphous and crystalline calcium (Ca) phosphates (tricalcium phosphate and apatite) in the sediment. ‘Visible P’ particles in the sediment adhered to the clay mineral smectite. Key aspects of the hypothesized transformations of P-rich particles in the lake were simulated and confirmed experimentally, outlining a pathway of P-rich particles: intracellular polyP is released upon cell lysis, then partly hydrolyzed, partly stabilized on clays. Thus, whereas part of the polyP pool is recycled by microorganisms in the water column or in the sediment, the association of apatite with the clay mineral smectite probably represents a long-term P sink. This biogenic-inorganic link may be a key but overlooked aspect of P cycling in lakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01329-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking plant-microbial interactions in deep Mollisols in the Midwestern US: Linking depth gradients in roots, microbial activity, and soil carbon in agroecosystems","authors":"Zoe Pagliaro,&nbsp;Emel Kangi,&nbsp;Justin Mathias,&nbsp;Jessica Burke,&nbsp;Rachel Van Allen,&nbsp;Ember Morrissey,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Wendy Yang,&nbsp;Edward R. Brzostek","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01331-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01331-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep-rooted plants may build soil carbon (C) stocks, but most research has focused on shallow soils, leaving gaps in our understanding of how shifts in the balance between decomposition and C inputs drive soil C accumulation with depth. Thus, our objectives were to: (1) link depth gradients in root biomass with microbial activity and soil C stocks down to 1 m, and (2) examine the potential of simple C inputs to prime soil C across depths. To this end, we dug 5 quantitative soil pits in Argiudolls under mature perennial miscanthus plots in the SoyFACE Farm (Champaign-Urbana, IL). We added ¹³C labeled glucose to our soils to determine the fate of simple C inputs with depth. We found that fine root biomass, total soil C, mineral-associated organic C (MAOC), particulate organic C (POC), and microbial activity (as measured by potential enzyme activity) declined with depth. POC declined more rapidly than MAOC, resulting in an increase in the ratio of MAOC-to-POC. Root biomass, enzyme activity (either acid phosphatase or n-acetyl-glucosaminadase) activity, and microbial respiration explained 74% and 38% of the variability in soil total C and MAOC, respectively, while POC was dependent on root biomass and microbial respiration (47%). Although the incorporation of simple ¹³C inputs into MAOC was similar across depths, these inputs led to greater net MAOC losses in shallow soils than in deeper soils between 50 and 100 cm. The divergent impact of simple C inputs across depths may suggest that MAOC in shallow soils is more susceptible to priming losses, while C inputs into deep soils may instead be more persistent. Collectively, our results suggest that depth gradients in soil C stocks represents a balance between inputs, decomposition, and microbial necromass production and that increases in root C inputs by deep-rooted plants may have the potential to build stable MAOC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01331-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using automated sensors to unravel short-term nitrogen dynamics in coastal waters","authors":"Christian Lønborg,&nbsp;Peter A. U. Stæhr,&nbsp;Cátia Carreira","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01326-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01326-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal monitoring programs typically rely on fixed interval sampling, which can miss short-term biogeochemical variability. Recent developments in sensor-based technologies enable high-frequency nutrient measurements, offering promising opportunities for data collection. In this study, we deployed an automated sensor measuring nitrate + nitrite (NO₃⁻ + NO₂⁻) and nitrite (NO₂⁻) in a shallow temperate estuary (Roskilde Fjord, Denmark). Our results show that: (1) the sensor effectively captured short-term nutrient fluctuations; (2) sampling time influenced data representativeness, with certain periods of the day better reflecting daily averages; (3) optimal sampling intervals should account for site-specific variability and sampling objectives; (4) sensor based measurements revealed larger natural variability in biogeochemical variables compared to low frequency sampling programs; and (5) short-term variability in NO₃⁻ + NO₂⁻ and NO₂⁻ concentrations were driven by changes in riverine input, sediment resuspension and biological activity. Although conducted at a single site, the approach and insights presented here are broadly applicable to other shallow coastal environments and to studies seeking to identify the drivers of short-term variability in coastal biogeochemistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01326-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing carbon fixation and potential rates of sediment methane production in Mediterranean inland shallow lakes and ponds","authors":"Daniel Morant,&nbsp;Carlos Rochera,&nbsp;Antonio Picazo,&nbsp;Javier Miralles-Lorenzo,&nbsp;Antonio Camacho","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01320-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01320-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shallow freshwater lakes and ponds are the most abundant lentic ecosystems in the Spanish Mediterranean region. This study quantified the main components of carbon cycling in representative shallow lakes and ponds of different typologies by combining seasonal measurements of planktonic and benthic metabolism, together with ex situ estimates of sediment CH₄ production rates. Metabolic rates varied among ecological types, while trophic status, defined based on chlorophyll-<i>a</i>, was associated to metabolic variations. Overall, the studied ecosystems displayed heterotrophic behaviour with higher aerobic respiration than primary production in both plankton and benthos. However, the net production of helophytes exceeded the water-column metabolic balance, increasing the overall potential for carbon fixation and shifting the system tendency toward net autotrophy. Potential rates of sediment CH₄ production, characterized under controlled incubation conditions, represented a substantial carbon pathway and, due to the high radiative forcing of CH₄, contributed to the greenhouse gas relevance of these ecosystems depending on subsequent oxidation and emission processes. Fluvial and especially soft water lakes and ponds showed high rates of sediment CH₄ production while simultaneously exhibiting capacity for carbon storage. Potential rates of sediment CH₄ production correlated well with sediment organic matter content but not with other ecological status indicators. These results demonstrate that carbon cycling in Mediterranean shallow lakes and ponds is strongly driven by ecological features such as sediment organic matter, macrophyte cover, and trophic status, which jointly regulate both carbon storage capacity and sediment CH₄ production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01320-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphate oxygen isotopes in lake sediments: stability and application for assessing palaeo nutrient dynamics","authors":"Christopher Bengt,&nbsp;Savannah Worne,&nbsp;Peter Wynn,&nbsp;Ana Prohaska,&nbsp;Tim Sexton,&nbsp;Andrew C. Smith","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01324-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01324-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The oxygen isotope composition of phosphate (δ¹⁸O-PO₄) has been successfully used to study modern biological cycling of phosphorus (P) from the upper few centimetres of lake sediments. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the stability and preservation of δ¹⁸O-PO₄ over longer time scales in deeper lake sediments. Three sediment cores were collected from a nutrient-rich lagoon at Rutland Water Nature Reserve to explore P dynamics under controlled conditions, including a baseline (untreated) core and cores stored with oxygen-enriched water at 4 to 7 °C for six months. Results of the baseline core suggests that P in the sediment has undergone biological turnover. Additionally, results of the two treated cores using δ¹⁸O-PO₄ from HCl extractable inorganic P pool remained stable, even under altered water oxygen isotope conditions. These finding offer proof of concept for using δ¹⁸O-PO₄ as a tracer of past nutrient inputs and cycling with a range of potential applications in the area of past ecosystem reconstruction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining nitrogen cycling and mass balances with natural abundance nitrogen isotopes in a tile-drained corn-soybean rotation","authors":"Yinchao Hu,&nbsp;Zhongjie Yu,&nbsp;Lowell E. Gentry,&nbsp;Gregory F. McIsaac,&nbsp;Dan Schaefer,&nbsp;Corey A. Mitchell","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01325-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01325-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessing nitrogen (N) mass balance and use efficiency is essential for tracking progress toward sustainable agriculture. However, the links between N surpluses or deficits, crop productivity, and environmental N losses remain poorly understood, particularly in rotational cropping systems. In this study, we combined natural abundance N isotope measurements across soil, water, and crop N pools with laboratory denitrification experiments to quantify N source-sink strengths in a tile-drained corn-soybean field in Illinois, USA. These isotope data were incorporated into a dual mass and isotope balance model to constrain the relationships among denitrification, soybean biological N fixation (BNF), and changes in soil organic N (SON), and to link partial and complete N balances. We found that N isotopes exhibited distinct distributions across the soil–water-crop continuum that were sensitive to crop rotation but unresponsive to split fertilizer application. Across a range of plausible scenarios, estimated denitrification losses were comparable in magnitude to nitrate leaching losses. Over the corn-soybean rotation, maintaining a stable SON stock requires soybean BNF rates sufficient to offset substantial N removal in soybean grain. Relative to corn residue, soybean residue appears to contribute little to SON formation, and its rapid decomposition can promote environmental N losses during periods of low crop N demand. Overall, this study demonstrates that integrating isotopic evidence with mass balance approaches can reveal the processes regulating N cycling in the soil–water-crop system and constrain agroecosystem responses to crop rotation and management practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01325-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron–nitrogen synergistic mechanisms governing arsenic speciation and mobility: a critical review of interfacial reactions and microbial redox transformations","authors":"Jun Wu,&nbsp;Yiqiu Huang,&nbsp;Meitong Dong,&nbsp;Huihui Ma,&nbsp;Yunhao Hu,&nbsp;Yanfang Feng,&nbsp;Lingzhan Miao,&nbsp;Guoxiang You,&nbsp;Jun Hou","doi":"10.1007/s10533-026-01321-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-026-01321-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a pivotal component of Earth's geochemical cycles, the nitrogen (N) cycle is exceptionally complex and crucial for maintaining environmental N dynamics. As a highly active metal, iron (Fe) is closely associated with the N cycle through biological and abiotic pathways. Notably, these interactions frequently mediate concurrent transformations of co-existing contaminants, particularly arsenic (As). Recent advances have elucidated three key Fe–N coupled microbial pathways: NO₃⁻-reduction driven iron oxidation (NDFO), Fe-mediated dissimilatory NO₃⁻ reduction to ammonium (NH₄⁺) (Fe-DNRA), and anaerobic NH₄⁺ oxidation coupled with Fe(III) reduction (Feammox). These mechanisms demonstrate promising potential for As pollution mitigation in engineered systems. This review systematically synthesizes current understanding of Fe–N-As triad interactions, with particular focus on (1) mechanistic insights into Fe–N coupled biogeochemical pathways, (2) spatial–temporal patterns of As transformation mediated by these processes in critical environmental matrices (paddy soils and groundwater systems), and (3) practical applications in As remediation technologies. Furthermore, we propose novel conceptual frameworks elucidating the complex interplay within Fe–N-As ternary systems, providing critical insights for developing bioremediation strategies targeting As-contaminated environments.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"169 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-026-01321-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147937890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}