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Pulmonary remodeling in asthma. 哮喘中的肺重构。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-10-12 DOI: 10.3410/M2-74
Phil Lieberman
{"title":"Pulmonary remodeling in asthma.","authors":"Phil Lieberman","doi":"10.3410/M2-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-74","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inflammatory and immunologic processes responsible for asthma can produce permanently fixed obstructive lung disease unresponsive to medical therapy. This can be manifested clinically by the failure of a childhood asthmatic to reach full expected lung capacity at adulthood and by an accelerated decline in pulmonary capacity in adults. Recent studies have furthered our insight into the pathologic processes underlying these changes and the potential effects of therapy to prevent them.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29357090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome. 非典型溶血性尿毒综合征的诊断与治疗进展。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-10-12 DOI: 10.3410/M2-73
Paula Hb Bolton-Maggs
{"title":"Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome.","authors":"Paula Hb Bolton-Maggs","doi":"10.3410/M2-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New understanding of the underlying pathology of the thrombotic microangiopathies has resulted in guidelines for the investigation and management of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children and adults and the prospect of new therapies, which are in clinical trial. Patients should be investigated for defects in complement pathways and a trial of plasma exchange is indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29357091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Update on the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病管理的最新进展。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-10-12 DOI: 10.3410/M2-72
Andrea K Maas, David M Mannino
{"title":"Update on the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Andrea K Maas,&nbsp;David M Mannino","doi":"10.3410/M2-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-72","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a highly prevalent, underdiagnosed, and undertreated chronic lung disease. Early and appropriate treatment may help modify the course of the disease with respect to exacerbation timing and frequency, quality of life, and mortality. Steady progress continues to be made in understanding the disease pathogenesis and treatment modalities, and there is some evidence that outcomes are improving.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29357092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Placenta: chronicle of intrauterine growth restriction. 胎盘:宫内生长受限的编年史。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-23 DOI: 10.3410/M2-69
Jeffrey M Dicke
{"title":"Placenta: chronicle of intrauterine growth restriction.","authors":"Jeffrey M Dicke","doi":"10.3410/M2-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-69","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The foundation for adult health is laid in utero and requires a healthy placenta. A common manifestation of abnormal placental development is impaired fetal growth. While placental pathology is the final common denominator in many cases of fetal growth restriction, a variety of discreet lesions have been described involving both the maternal and fetal circulations at their confluence in the placenta. Detailed examination of the placenta provides a means of elucidating the pathophysiology of poor fetal growth. This is an essential step in developing effective strategies for the prediction, prevention, and possible treatment of the growth restricted fetus.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29353652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Predictors of continuous positive airway pressure adherence. 持续气道正压依从性的预测因素。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-23 DOI: 10.3410/M2-70
Peter G Catcheside
{"title":"Predictors of continuous positive airway pressure adherence.","authors":"Peter G Catcheside","doi":"10.3410/M2-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-70","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the leading treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a prevalent disorder of breathing in sleep strongly associated with obesity. OSA has serious adverse health, social and community effects arising from disturbed breathing, loud snoring, poor quality sleep and cardiovascular sequelae. When used appropriately, CPAP treatment is highly effective in normalising breathing and sleep, improving symptoms and lowering adverse event risk. However, patients do not necessarily accept, tolerate or comply with treatment, with many factors influencing CPAP uptake and longer term use. Although knowledge to address challenges affecting CPAP adherence and CPAP mask and machine technologies continue to improve incrementally, optimising CPAP treatment adherence is an ongoing challenge in sleep medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29353650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Recanalization and reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke. 急性缺血性脑卒中的再通与再灌注。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-23 DOI: 10.3410/M2-71
David S Liebeskind
{"title":"Recanalization and reperfusion in acute ischemic stroke.","authors":"David S Liebeskind","doi":"10.3410/M2-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Revascularization remains the most intuitive strategy to reverse ischemic injury associated with arterial occlusion in acute stroke. Revascularization may lead to opening of an occluded artery, or recanalization, yet restoration of downstream flow, or reperfusion, may not ensue. Revascularization strategies and novel devices continue to broaden options for the treatment of acute stroke, but it is increasingly apparent that selection criteria to identify ideal cases are needed to refine triage and minimize adverse events. The results of recent work on reperfusion may rapidly alter routine clinical practice for evolving ischemia in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29353649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Developing brain and general anesthesia - is there a cause for concern? 大脑发育和全身麻醉——有什么值得关注的吗?
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-08 DOI: 10.3410/M2-68
Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
{"title":"Developing brain and general anesthesia - is there a cause for concern?","authors":"Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic","doi":"10.3410/M2-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-68","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skilled management of sick premature babies and very young children has resulted in numerous exposures of their brains to a variety of anesthetic agents designed to achieve the substantial depth of neuronal inhibition required for complete loss of consciousness and insensitivity to pain. Unfortunately, our recent animal findings suggest that commonly used general anesthetics are damaging to developing neurons and cause significant neuronal deletion in vulnerable brain regions. In addition, emerging animal and human data suggest an association between early exposure to general anesthesia and long-term impairment of cognitive development. Consequently, the prudence of frequent anesthesia exposure of this population is now being scrutinized. It is important to note that on the basis of currently available information, there are still considerable differences of opinion regarding the clinical relevance of the animal findings. Since there is insufficient evidence establishing a clear association between animal and human findings, it would be premature to suggest major changes in current clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/2b/medrep-02-68.PMC2990541.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29548603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The timing of surgical decompression for spinal cord injury. 脊髓损伤手术减压时机的选择。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-08 DOI: 10.3410/M2-67
David W Cadotte, Anoushka Singh, Michael G Fehlings
{"title":"The timing of surgical decompression for spinal cord injury.","authors":"David W Cadotte,&nbsp;Anoushka Singh,&nbsp;Michael G Fehlings","doi":"10.3410/M2-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-67","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research into the pathophysiological mechanisms of spinal cord injury (SCI) has resulted in a classification scheme of primary and secondary injury. Primary injury refers to the destructive nature of the initial impact and the subsequent shearing, penetrating, and compressive forces that injure the delicate neural tissue. Secondary injury refers to a complex array of pathophysiologial processes - including ischemia, inflammation, excitotoxicity, and oxidative cell damage - that contribute to the ultimate loss of neural tissue. While our understanding of secondary mechanisms improves with continued research, novel treatments for SCI are currently being developed with a foundation rooted in halting deleterious secondary mechanisms. In this article, we will review the current evidence for surgical decompression as a treatment for SCI. Emerging evidence and a growing consensus among surgeons are in support of early surgical intervention to help minimize the secondary damage caused by compression of the spinal cord after trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/a6/medrep-02-67.PMC2990468.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29549776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Tissue engineering in urethral reconstruction. 组织工程在尿道重建中的应用。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-08 DOI: 10.3410/M2-65
Altaf Mangera, Christopher R Chapple
{"title":"Tissue engineering in urethral reconstruction.","authors":"Altaf Mangera, Christopher R Chapple","doi":"10.3410/M2-65","DOIUrl":"10.3410/M2-65","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering is an exciting and rapidly evolving technology. In this review, we discuss the recent progress made in the field of urethral reconstruction and consider the clinical implications and further advancement of these endeavours.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/da/91/medrep-02-65.PMC2990502.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29549777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent advances in preventing cardiovascular disorders by managing lipid levels. 通过控制血脂水平预防心血管疾病的最新进展。
F1000 medicine reports Pub Date : 2010-09-08 DOI: 10.3410/M2-66
Anders G Olsson
{"title":"Recent advances in preventing cardiovascular disorders by managing lipid levels.","authors":"Anders G Olsson","doi":"10.3410/M2-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3410/M2-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in clinical lipidology during the last 18 months include the establishment of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as an important risk marker for cardiovascular disease. Determining hsCRP levels should help the clinician single out patients at particularly high risk. However, more research needs to be done in this area. Furthermore, statins do not seem to be of benefit in patients with severe congestive heart failure, on chronic hemodialysis, or with aortic stenosis. Next, plasma triglyceride levels are now considered an important risk marker for cardiovascular disease, but the therapeutic benefits related to lowering triglyceride levels remain difficult to achieve. Also, nicotinic acid has gained more interest partly because recent studies have demonstrated positive effects on atherosclerosis development and partly because the side effect of flushing seems to be partially avoidable with the concomitant administration of laropiprant. Both the raising of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by nicotinic acid and the additional lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by ezetimibe and eprotirome will need to demonstrate hard endpoint reductions in large-scale intervention trials. Trials of niacin/laropiprant (the AIM-HIGH and HPS2-THRIVE studies) and ezetimibe (the IMPROVE-IT study) are already under way.</p>","PeriodicalId":88480,"journal":{"name":"F1000 medicine reports","volume":"2 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/cb/medrep-02-66.PMC2990461.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29549774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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