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Without Rose-Tinted Glasses: Rethinking China-India Historical Interactions 不戴玫瑰色眼镜:重新思考中印历史互动
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-20220002
Yawen Li (李雅雯)
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引用次数: 0
Danish Attempts to Open Trade with Japan, 1637–1645 丹麦试图与日本开放贸易(1637-1645
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-bja10007
Mathias Istrup Karlsmose
{"title":"Danish Attempts to Open Trade with Japan, 1637–1645","authors":"Mathias Istrup Karlsmose","doi":"10.1163/26662523-bja10007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-bja10007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article will describe the first attempt made by the Danish East India Company to establish trade with Japan in 1637–1645, as described in Dutch and Portuguese sources. In doing this, it will contribute to a rich historiography of early modern European contacts with Japan. In English-language historiography on seventeenth-century maritime East Asia, the Danish East India Company has largely been overlooked as an actor compared to its larger European counterparts. Conversely, in Danish historiography the interactions between the Danish company and its larger competitors, especially the Dutch, have been overlooked as well. The article will show how the governor of the Danish East India Company tried to cooperate with the Spanish and Portuguese in bypassing the Dutch monopoly in Japan. In addition, it will show how the Japanese relied on Dutch intelligence on the outside world.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"138 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83542800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Votive Pen: Writings on Edwin Thumboo written by Nilanjana Sengupta 献祭的笔:尼兰贾纳·森古普塔写的关于埃德温·图姆布的文章
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-20220004
Tzu-hui Celina Hung
{"title":"The Votive Pen: Writings on Edwin Thumboo written by Nilanjana Sengupta","authors":"Tzu-hui Celina Hung","doi":"10.1163/26662523-20220004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-20220004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73955542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On Pinghua and Yue: Some Historical and Linguistic Perspectives 评话与乐:一些历史与语言学的观点
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-bja10004
Hilário de Sousa
{"title":"On Pinghua and Yue: Some Historical and Linguistic Perspectives","authors":"Hilário de Sousa","doi":"10.1163/26662523-bja10004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-bja10004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pinghua 平話 is a Sinitic dialect group spoken in Guangxi in southern China. Within Chinese linguistics, there have been many debates on its affiliation. Pinghua is associated with the earliest Han Chinese migrants in Guangxi, but in terms of number of speakers in Guangxi Pinghua has been overtaken by Yue, Southwestern Mandarin, and Hakka. Pinghua is primarily associated with the Han Chinese migrants who entered Guangxi through Hunan, whereas Yue is primarily associated with those who entered Guangdong through Jiangxi. Yue speakers have subsequently spread westward in large numbers from Guangdong to Guangxi. Linguistically, the Pinghua dialects sit on a dialect continuum with the non-Cantonese Yue dialects in Guangxi. On the other hand, the Cantonese enclaves in Guangxi are the results of Cantonese people moving directly from the Pearl River Delta to Guangxi within the last 150 years or so.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81648952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Sông Cái (Red River) Delta, the Chinese Diaspora, and the Trần/Chen Clan of Ðại Việt Sông Cái(红河)三角洲，华侨，Ðại Việt的Trần/陈氏
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-12340011
J. Whitmore
{"title":"The Sông Cái (Red River) Delta, the Chinese Diaspora, and the Trần/Chen Clan of Ðại Việt","authors":"J. Whitmore","doi":"10.1163/26662523-12340011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-12340011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The expansion of the Sông Cái (Red River) delta combined with the first Chinese diaspora and settlement in the region led to the Chen/Trần clan emerging and rising to power in the polity of Ðại Việt 大越. Emerging among the Ngô (吳 Sino-Vietnamese) community in the lower delta, the Trần 陳 emphasized the agricultural development of this area as they built their power. I approach Trần rule in three phases: 1220s–1260s, 1260s–1330s, and 1330s–1420. In the first phase, under the tight clan control of Trần Thủ Ðộ, the Trần developed Ðại Việt in their own form within the existing Viet pattern, politically, administratively, and economically. After Thủ Ðộ’s death, the clan reformed, as a new generation of princes first fought off the Mongols, then retired to their country estates, leading to a decentralization of power. To counter this decentralization, the kings and the court developed their Thiền Buddhism of the Trúc Lâm school. But in the end this was not successful, and in the third phase the court turned to a brand of Chinese Classical thought (that of Han Yu) in the face of many calamities, natural and social. Eventually three political and ideological crises emerged, the Champa invasions (1370–1390), the seizure of power by Lê/Hồ Quý Ly (1380–1407), and the Ming conquest and occupation (1407–1427) turning Ðại Việt into its province of Jiaozhi. Each crisis led to deeper Sinic ideological penetration.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85590946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trade Relations between the Ðại Việt Kingdom and the Song Empire in the Long Twelfth Century 漫长的十二世纪Ðại Việt王国与宋朝的贸易关系
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-bja10001
James A Anderson
{"title":"Trade Relations between the Ðại Việt Kingdom and the Song Empire in the Long Twelfth Century","authors":"James A Anderson","doi":"10.1163/26662523-bja10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-bja10001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article conducts a preliminary examination of the “Long Twelfth Century” to gain a better understanding of the dynamic nature of the network and mechanism whereby trade overland and by sea was conducted in this important contact zone between China and Vietnam. Court-based tribute relations served as a focal point around which traditional Sino-Vietnamese political, economic, and cultural exchange revolved. With the shift from sea routes to overland connections in this period, it was trade issues, not tributary protocol, that would drive official Sino-Vietnamese exchanges in the early period of asserting and securing Vietnamese independence. Indeed, it was trade that stimulated relations throughout the period of the Song dynasty’s decline.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82267612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Power of Representation: Mimesis and Alterity in Nanzhao-Tang Relations 再现的力量:南诏唐关系中的模仿与替代
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-bja10003
Megan Bryson
{"title":"The Power of Representation: Mimesis and Alterity in Nanzhao-Tang Relations","authors":"Megan Bryson","doi":"10.1163/26662523-bja10003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-bja10003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Nanzhao kingdom ruled a large region in what is now southwest China and southeast Asia from the mid-seventh century to 903. Its strategic position next to the Tibetan empire and its own expansionist goals meant that Nanzhao had extensive diplomatic and military relations with the Tang dynasty (618–907) during the eighth and ninth centuries. This paper argues that Tang-Nanzhao relations, as well as the Nanzhao court’s relations with its own diverse subjects, were pursued in accordance with the colonial dynamics of mimesis theorized by Homi Bhabha and Michael Taussig. Tang representations of the Nanzhao population and the Nanzhao court’s self-representations conform to colonial modes of depicting difference, namely mimesis (which involves copying or mimicking) and alterity (which involves asserting difference). These representations appear specifically in the 863 Book of Barbarians (Manshu) by the Tang official Fan Chuo, the 766 Nanzhao Stele of Transforming through Virtue (Dehua bei), and the 899 Illustrated History of Nanzhao (Nanzhao tuzhuan).","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87821526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ðông Sơn Speech Community: Evidence for Vietic Ðông Sơn语言社区:Vietic的证据
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-bja10002
Mark J. Alves
{"title":"The Ðông Sơn Speech Community: Evidence for Vietic","authors":"Mark J. Alves","doi":"10.1163/26662523-bja10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-bja10002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article reviews multiple lines of data in an attempt to determine the ethnolinguistic situation of the Red River Delta in northern Vietnam in the Ðông Sơn period (c. 600 BCE–200 CE) prior to the establishment of a Chinese administration there circa 200 BCE. A variety of possible scenarios are considered in light of linguistic, ethnological, archaeological, archaeogenetic, and historical textual data. Some scenarios must be excluded as they lack supporting evidence, while the remaining few are weighed against each other and ranked. At this point, the scenario with the most support, consisting primarily of archaeological and historical linguistic data, is that a community of Austroasiatic speakers resided in the Red River Delta from about 4000 BP, but that by the time of the arrival of Chinese groups, Vietic (a later stage of the original Austroasiatic group there) and early Tai groups had a presence in that region. Furthermore, comparative linguistic evidence most strongly supports a dominant Vietic linguistic presence in that region at that time, the portion of Vietic that eventually split off to become the Việt-Mường sub-branch and finally, within that, Vietnamese.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81578409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cradles of Diaspora: Bombay, Aden, and Jewish Migration across the Indian Ocean 散居的摇篮:孟买、亚丁和跨越印度洋的犹太移民
Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.) Pub Date : 2020-08-12 DOI: 10.1163/26662523-12340004
Shaul Marmari
{"title":"Cradles of Diaspora: Bombay, Aden, and Jewish Migration across the Indian Ocean","authors":"Shaul Marmari","doi":"10.1163/26662523-12340004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26662523-12340004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, migrant communities of Middle Eastern Jews emerged across the vast space between Shanghai and Port Said. The present article points to two crucial knots in the creation of these far-reaching Jewish diasporas: Bombay and Aden. These rising port cities of the British Raj were first stations in the migration of thousands of Middle Eastern Jews, and they presented immigrants with new commercial, social, cultural and spatial horizons; it was from there that many of them proceeded to settle elsewhere beyond the Indian Ocean. Using the examples of two prominent families, Sassoon in Bombay and Menahem Messa in Aden, the article considers the role of these places as the cradles from which Jewish diasporas emerged.","PeriodicalId":88461,"journal":{"name":"Crossroads (De Kalb, Ill.)","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80755617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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