The open forensic science journal最新文献

Forensic Wildlife Parts and their Product Identification and Individualization Using DNA Barcoding 法医野生动物器官及其产品鉴定和个性化使用DNA条形码

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2014-10-17 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801407010006

Raju Panday, D. K. Jha, Niraj Thapa, B. R. Pokharel, Nanda Aryal

引用次数: 19

Recovering Dusty Shoe Prints from Skin: Comparative Research 从皮肤上恢复鞋印:比较研究

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2014-02-21 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801407010001

Y. Shor, Amit Cohen, S. Wiesner, Revital Weiss

引用次数: 2

Impact of Allogrooming in Domestic Cats (Felis silvestris catus) on Mitochondrial DNA Profiling of Shed Hairs 家猫异体修饰对脱毛线粒体DNA谱的影响

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2013-10-31 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801306010012

R. Grahn, Tina I-Ting Huang, L. Lyons

{"title":"Impact of Allogrooming in Domestic Cats (Felis silvestris catus) on Mitochondrial DNA Profiling of Shed Hairs","authors":"R. Grahn, Tina I-Ting Huang, L. Lyons","doi":"10.2174/1874402801306010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874402801306010012","url":null,"abstract":"Allogrooming is a normal behavior for socially bonded cats. Cat hairs may have epithelial cells on the shaft from at least two cat contributors, the host (groomee) and the donor (groomer). To determine the likelihood of obtaining a mixture or incorrect DNA profile in cat hairs, feline mtDNA control region from hairs of allogrooming cats was isolated and analyzed by direct sequencing. Two DNA extraction methods were tested; hair washes and complete digestion of hairs. For five allogrooming pairs with different mitotypes, thirteen of the 126 sequences (10.3%) matched the mitotype of the groomer, not the groomee. Forty-three sequences (34.13%) suggested the presence of both mitotypes, groomer and groomee. Approximately 2.4% of mtDNA sequences appeared heteroplasmic at mitotype defining sites. Heteroplasmy was not observed in 157 control sequences. Mitotypes from the groomer was 11-fold more difficult to obtain from hairs that were completely digested before DNA isolation and was not observed in samples if the hairs were washed prior to digestion. Unlike contamination issues in human forensic cases, obtaining more than one mtDNA profile from a feline hair sample could narrow the pool of suspects since the implicated cat(s) would have to be within the same vicinity and have social contact.","PeriodicalId":88327,"journal":{"name":"The open forensic science journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68071805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Experimental Study on Age Estimation of Bloodstains Based on Biological and Toxicological Analysis 基于生物学和毒理学分析的血迹年龄估计实验研究

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2013-10-18 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801306010006

Ken‐ichiro Nakao, R. Shimada, K. Hara, K. Kibayashi

{"title":"Experimental Study on Age Estimation of Bloodstains Based on Biological and Toxicological Analysis","authors":"Ken‐ichiro Nakao, R. Shimada, K. Hara, K. Kibayashi","doi":"10.2174/1874402801306010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874402801306010006","url":null,"abstract":"The determination of the age of bloodstains in forensic investigations helps in estimating the time elapsed between incidents (such as accidents or violent crimes wherein the blood was shed) and sampling. In this study, bloodstains containing either ethanol or amphetamine sulfate and methamphetamine hydrochloride were prepared and incubated at 25°C and 50% humidity to determine their age, based on temporal changes in the relative levels of microRNA 16 (miR-16) and miR-451 after incubation. The miR-16 and miR-451 levels decreased significantly 5-28 days after incubation in the chamber. The concentration of ethanol in the bloodstains decreased rapidly during storage and became undetectable after 180 min. The concentrations of amphetamine sulfate and methamphetamine hydrochloride in the bloodstains remained almost constant throughout the experimental period. These findings indicate that the age of bloodstains can be calculated simply on the basis of the relative levels of miRNAs. Although it is difficult to utilize the concentrations of ethanol, methamphetamine, and amphetamine sulfate for estimating the age of the bloodstain, these data could provide evidence of the victim or assailant having used these substances at the scene of an accident or crime.","PeriodicalId":88327,"journal":{"name":"The open forensic science journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68071782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Collected with Carrion-Baited Traps in Southeast Brazil 巴西东南部腐肉诱捕蚁(膜翅目:蚁科)

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2013-02-08 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801306010001

T. C. Moretti, Daniel Solís, W. Godoy

引用次数: 22

Electrical mark in electrocution deaths: a 20-years study 触电死亡中的电痕:一项20年的研究

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2012-06-15 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801205010023

Ivana Kuhtić

{"title":"Electrical mark in electrocution deaths: a 20-years study","authors":"Ivana Kuhtić","doi":"10.2174/1874402801205010023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874402801205010023","url":null,"abstract":"An electrical mark is one of the crucial morphological findings on the body of a person who received a fatal electric shock and it is often the only evidence of contact between the body and electricity. In cases where the electrical mark on the skin is absent, the cause of death is often established by exclusion of other possible causes and supported by circumstantial evidence. In our study, the data were obtained from autopsy reports of all persons whose cause of death was electrocution and whose post mortem examination was performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Criminology in Zagreb between 1991 and 2010. We collected the data on victim demographics and incident circumstances including sex, age, manner of death, alcohol concentration, place and time of death, and presence and site of the electric mark. A total of 89 electrocution cases were identified. An electrical mark was detected in 79% of the cases, whereas no detectable changes on the skin were in the remaining 21% of the cases. The entry wound was present in 43% of the cases, both entry and exit wounds were found in 20%, while in 16% of the cases with extensive burns neither entry nor exit point could be detected. Most victims of fatal electrocution were men aged between 20 and 50. Most cases were accidents (83%) and the rest were suicides (14%) or the manner of death was undetermined. Although inconsistently present on the victims' body, the electrical mark is of great diagnostic value as confirmative evidence in cases of suspected electrocution.","PeriodicalId":88327,"journal":{"name":"The open forensic science journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68071726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Sequencing of mtDNA in Shed Hairs: A Retrospective Analysis of Material from Forensic Cases and a Pre-Screening Method 脱毛mtDNA的测序:法医案例材料的回顾性分析和预筛选方法

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2012-03-02 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801205010013

M. Nilsson, S. Norlin, M. Allen

{"title":"Sequencing of mtDNA in Shed Hairs: A Retrospective Analysis of Material from Forensic Cases and a Pre-Screening Method","authors":"M. Nilsson, S. Norlin, M. Allen","doi":"10.2174/1874402801205010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874402801205010013","url":null,"abstract":"In crime scene investigations, shed hairs are one of the most frequently found types of biological evidence material. DNA analysis of hair can be of great significance in forensic investigations, and the sequencing of the hypervariable regions I (HVI) and II (HVII) of the mitochondrial genome has become a useful tool in this field. This paper describes a retrospective evaluation of the potential of sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNA. We examined evidentiary hair and reference samples obtained from 25 criminal investigations conducted over a ten year period and determined the number of matches and exclusions between samples in the investigation. In total, the study includes the results of 129 samples obtained between 1999 and 2008. Analysis resulted in high quality sequence data from most of the evidentiary hairs, allowing comparison to reference samples. On the basis of matches between mitochondrial DNA sequences from evidentiary hairs and those from reference samples, inclusions were obtained in 16 of the 25 cases (64%). Thus, sequencing of mitochondrial DNA was informative in many cases in this data set. In addition, we conducted an initial evaluation of a strategy for estimating the mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA contents of plucked and shed hair samples. The strategy is based on staining both the nuclear DNA and the mitochondria, and may be useful when trying to identify an optimal DNA profiling approach for a given hair sample.","PeriodicalId":88327,"journal":{"name":"The open forensic science journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68071716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

The Non-Specificity of the Duquenois-Levine Field Test for Marijuana 大麻Duquenois-Levine现场试验的非特异性

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2012-02-23 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801205010004

J. F. Kelly

引用次数: 14

A Simple and Robust Method for Sexing Ancient Bovine Bones 一种简单可靠的测定古牛骨骼性别的方法

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2012-02-23 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801205010009

F. Gabbianelli, E. D. Minicis, A. Valentini, L. Pariset

{"title":"A Simple and Robust Method for Sexing Ancient Bovine Bones","authors":"F. Gabbianelli, E. D. Minicis, A. Valentini, L. Pariset","doi":"10.2174/1874402801205010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874402801205010009","url":null,"abstract":"We set up a simple method for sexing ancient bovine bones, generally attributed to a specific sex by morphological methods. ZFX/ZFY genes were chosen among the sex-specific sequences available in Genbank. The method, validated on 22 individuals of 11 cattle breeds, was used to analyze 3 roman and 9 medieval cattle bones. In no cases we have found a false attribution of sex. On the 12 ancient remains we always had a consistent outcome. Only in the case of PCR failure we couldn't attribute the sample to the gender, but in no cases we had inconsistent results since in our method the sex is determined by the amplification of both sequences in X and Y (if present) chromosomes. A short PCR product of 132bp in both chromosomes was amplified and digested with specific enzymes to discriminate X and Y amplicons. Digestion gives fragments of different length according to the sex chromosome. This method amplifies simultaneously both sex chromosomes, therefore presents the advantage of using less aDNA for the analysis and reduces the possibility of wrong assignments. This approach combines the advantage of being accurate and successful while it only relies on widely available and cheap equipment. The system is strong enough to be used with aDNA (ancient DNA) and it could be easily extended to other mammals.","PeriodicalId":88327,"journal":{"name":"The open forensic science journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68071707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Altitudinal Diversity of Forensically Important Blowflies Collected from Decaying Carcasses in Himalaya 从喜马拉雅地区腐尸中采集的具有重要法医意义的苍蝇的高度多样性

The open forensic science journal Pub Date : 2012-01-04 DOI: 10.2174/1874402801205010001

M. Bharti

引用次数: 7