Biochemistry Research International最新文献

{"title":"Pogostemon Cablin Aqueous Extract (PCAE) Induces Mitotic Delay by Downregulating CDC2/Cyclin B1 in TNBC Cells (MDA-MB-231).","authors":"Kun-Ming Rau, Kuan-Ting Lee, Yung-Shun Su, Yi-Chiang Hsu","doi":"10.1155/bri/4127073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/bri/4127073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pogostemon cablin (PC) is a traditional medicinal herb with diverse pharmacological activities, including reported anticancer effects. However, its therapeutic potential in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) many unknowns remain. In this article, we investigated the antiproliferative activity of PC aqueous extract (PCAE) in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells and explored the factors responsible for its anticancer effects. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT method, whereas apoptosis, cell-cycle distribution, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitotic progression were analyzed. The expression of <i>G</i> ₂/<i>M</i> regulatory proteins was examined by western blotting. PCAE significantly suppressed the growth of TNBC cells in a dosage- and time-dependent manner without inducing significant apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, or caspase-3 activation. Instead, PCAE markedly increased <i>G</i> ₂/<i>M</i> phase accumulation and mitotic index, accompanied by modulation of CDC25C phosphorylation and downregulation of CDC2 and cyclin B1 expression. These molecular alterations indicate that PCAE disrupts mitotic progression through inhibition of the CDC25C-CDC2/cyclin B1 regulatory axis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PCAE inhibits TNBC cell growth primarily by inducing mitotic delay rather than apoptosis, providing new mechanistic insight into the antitumor activity of PC and a promising therapeutic candidate for TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4127073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Driven Bioprospecting of Cholinergic Medicinal Plants for Putative Leads Against Butyrylcholinesterase Towards Alzheimer's Care.","authors":"Gideon Ampoma Gyebi, Onomeyimi O Onesi, Saheed Sabiu","doi":"10.1155/bri/4503245","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/4503245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) plays a key role in preserving appropriate cholinergic neurotransmission that is essentially altered in the brains of advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD), hence a therapeutic target. This study employed a machine learning (ML) bioactivity predictive model to explore the chemical space of potential BChE inhibitors. A cheminformatics pipeline was explored to create a ML model for BChE inhibition using structural insights complemented with a comprehensive variance importance plot (VIP) and correlation matrix analysis. Specifically, a compiled library of 2179 secondary metabolites (SMs) from 50 Nigerian medicinal plants with reported cholinergic activity was investigated using the ML model. After which, molecular modelling was used to further screen the active SMs (827). The final predicted models demonstrated significant robustness, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8981. Molecular docking investigation of the 827 SMs identified the top five candidates based on their scores: three triterpenoids (adipedatol, lupenone and β-amyrin), one steroid (9 (11)-dehydroergosterol benzoate) and one flavonoid (tiliroside). These leads exhibited favourable ADMET properties and promising safety profiles. Among these five, lupenone (-48.78 kcal/mol), β-amyrin (-49.19 kcal/mol) and adipedatol (-48.87 kcal/mol), from <i>Peltophorum pterocarpum, Bryophyllum pinnatum</i> and Alchornea laxiflora, respectively, were the most promising leads with significant binding free energy compared to decamethonium (-17.64 kcal/mol) and more favourable van der Waals, electrostatics and nonpolar solvation energetics. Furthermore, the binding of these leads resulted in optimised interaction profiles that preserved the structural integrity of the BChE and aligned well with desirable drug-like characteristics. These findings position the leads as promising candidates for therapeutic applications targeting BChE for AD management, subject to further in vitro and in vivo validation investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4503245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"6-Aminoflavone Inhibits Planktonic Growth, Disrupts Biofilm Architecture, and Regulates Quorum Sensing in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Pooja Pandey, T Tushar, Lakshmi Sirisha Vavilala","doi":"10.1155/bri/8058282","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/8058282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a major global health challenge, particularly in biofilm-forming pathogens that exhibit enhanced tolerance to antimicrobial therapies. <i>K</i>. <i>pneumoniae</i>, a multidrug-resistant pathogen, is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, including pneumonia, septicemia, and device-associated infections. Its robust biofilm-forming capacity facilitates immune evasion, restricts antibiotic penetration, and contributes to recurrent infections. Therefore, the identification of agents capable of targeting both planktonic bacterial growth and biofilm architecture is of considerable therapeutic importance. In the present study, the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence potential of 6-Aminoflavone was investigated against <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using growth inhibition assays, time-kill kinetics, and clonogenic survival analysis. Mechanistic investigations revealed significant intracellular ROS accumulation, increased oxidative stress susceptibility, and induction of apoptosis-like cell death, suggesting ROS-mediated antibacterial activity. In addition to suppressing bacterial proliferation, 6-Aminoflavone exhibited promising antibiofilm efficacy, inhibiting biofilm formation by 86.23% and eradicating 84.77% of established biofilms. These effects were associated with a substantial reduction in cell surface hydrophobicity (∼45.39%), and EPS levels were reduced to ∼2.33% as compared to untreated controls, indicating severe destabilization of the biofilm matrix. Furthermore, eDNA, a key structural component of the biofilm scaffold, exhibited a maximum ∼2.13-fold reduction following treatment. Confocal microscopy confirmed marked disruption and collapse of biofilm architecture. Additionally, quorum sensing (QS)-regulated virulence factors, including urease (∼51.92%), protease (∼55.18%), and lipase (∼44.90%), were significantly attenuated. These findings demonstrate that 6-Aminoflavone exerts antimicrobial activity by inducing oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis-like bacterial death, disrupting biofilm structural components, and suppressing QS-regulated virulence in <i>K. pneumoniae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8058282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study of Ferrociphenol as an Antimelanogenic Agent.","authors":"Emna Ketata, Aissette Baanannou, Wajdi Ayadi, Pascal Pigeon, Aref Neifar, Siden Top, Saber Masmoudi, Gérard Jaouen, Mehdi El Arbi, Ali Gargouri","doi":"10.1155/bri/5240884","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/5240884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous hyperpigmentation disorders are associated with abnormal accumulation of melanin pigments, which can be treated using depigmenting agents. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ferrociphenol (Fc-diOH), an organometallic intermediate used in the synthesis of hydroxy-ferrocifen derivatives and previously reported as a tyrosinase inhibitor, on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Cell viability, melanin content, and tyrosinase activity assays demonstrated that treatment with Fc-diOH significantly reduced intracellular melanin levels and tyrosinase activity by 32% and 25%, respectively, in B16F10 cells at 25 nM without inducing significant cytoxicity. Furthermore, the antimelanogenesis activity of Fc-diOH was confirmed in vivo using zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) embryos. Fc-diOH treatment at concentrations of 0.5 and 2 μM significantly inhibited melanin production and tyrosinase activity in zebrafish embryos without affecting embryonic development or viability. In addition, molecular docking analysis demonstrates that the <i>p</i>-hydroxyphenyl groups of Fc-diOH make close contacts with the active site of a predicted human tyrosinase model, compared to arbutin and phenylthiourea. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that Fc-diOH decreases tyrosinase activity and thereby negatively regulates melanogenesis in both B16F10 cells and zebrafish embryos. Therefore, Fc-diOH represents a promising candidate as a depigmentation agent for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5240884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148598438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Characterisation of Phage-Displayed scFv Antibodies Targeting PfHSP70 and PfLDH of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>.","authors":"Nothando Lovedale Gasa, Lindiwe Khumbuzile Zuma, Thamsanqa Emanuel Chiliza, Lusisizwe Kwezi, Sifiso Duncan Luthuli, Ofentse Jacob Pooe","doi":"10.1155/bri/2190193","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/2190193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is the most virulent human malaria parasite and is responsible for numerous deaths annually. The increasing resistance of <i>P. falciparum</i> to antimalarial drugs necessitates the development of improved diagnostic tools for timely malaria detection. Malaria biomarkers such as PfHSP70 and PfLDH are highly valuable for malaria detection because they are essential for parasite survival and are consistently expressed during infection. PfHSP70 is associated with the parasite's stress adaptation and proteostasis mechanisms under febrile and drug-induced conditions, while PfLDH plays a central role in glycolytic metabolism and redox balance. Their functional importance, parasite specificity and elevated expression during active infection make these proteins reliable molecular indicators for the sensitive and specific detection of <i>P. falciparum</i>, thereby supporting their potential application in rapid diagnostic and biosensing platforms for malaria surveillance and disease management. In this study, an M13 phage-displayed single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody library was used to screen for antibodies against recombinant PfHSP70 and PfLDH. Four rounds of biopanning were conducted to enrich high-affinity binders, followed by ELISA, UV-visible spectroscopy and microscale thermophoresis (MST) to evaluate specificity and binding affinity. Functional interactions were assessed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> expressing PfHSP70 or PfLDH. Recombinant PfHSP70 and PfLDH were successfully expressed and purified from <i>E. coli</i>, with approximately 50% of selected colonies demonstrating significant binding to both targets, confirming the enrichment of antigen-specific phages. Specific phages were validated using ELISA and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Selected scFvs exhibited strong target binding, with MST-determined dissociation constants (Kd) of 7.47 μM for PfHSP70 and 3.64 μM for PfLDH. Exposure to scFv-displaying phages impaired the survival of PfHSP70- and PfLDH-expressing <i>E. coli</i> and induced spectral shifts consistent with protein-antibody interactions. This study validates phage display as a robust platform for isolating high-affinity scFvs against <i>P. falciparum</i> targets. These binders have the potential to develop into low-cost diagnostic tools, addressing the urgent need for novel diagnostic interventions. Nevertheless, further studies are required to confirm binding specificity and assess translational applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2190193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile-Driven Antioxidant Activity of Pomelo Peel Essential Oil: Bridging Chemical Composition and Cellular Redox Modulation.","authors":"Pratchaya Kaewkaen","doi":"10.1155/bri/7715893","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/7715893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pomelo (<i>Citrus maxima</i>) peel essential oil is a volatile-terpenoid-rich plant extract that may exhibit antioxidant-associated effects in biological systems. However, the relationship among its chemical composition, conventional antioxidant capacity, and cellular effects under oxidative stress remains insufficiently defined. This study integrated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profiling with chemical antioxidant assays and an SH-SY5Y cell-based oxidative-stress model. Under the selected analytical and data-processing conditions, limonene was the only compound confidently identified and integrated by GC-MS. In chemical assays, pomelo peel essential oil showed moderate DPPH radical-scavenging and ferric-reducing activities compared with the hydrophilic reference antioxidants Trolox and ascorbic acid. Cellular effects were evaluated separately in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Pomelo peel essential oil was tested at 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL using cotreatment and pretreatment protocols. In the cotreatment model, cells were exposed simultaneously to the essential oil and H₂O₂, whereas in the pretreatment model, cells were incubated with the essential oil before H₂O₂ challenge. Pomelo peel essential oil attenuated intracellular ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation and improved cell viability, with clearer effects at 50 and 100 μg/mL. Pretreatment generally produced stronger cytoprotective effects than cotreatment. These findings indicate that conventional chemical antioxidant assays alone may not fully predict cellular antioxidant-associated effects, particularly for lipophilic essential oils. Pomelo peel essential oil therefore showed cytoprotective activity in an SH-SY5Y oxidative-stress model, although the contributing constituents and underlying molecular mechanisms require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7715893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13379888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148496989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"The Effect of SP/NK1R on the Expression and Activity of Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase in Glioblastoma Cancer Cells\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/bri/9865242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/bri/9865242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/6620708.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9865242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13370795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulatory Role of Arbutin on Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis After Mild Repetitive Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Rats: Involvement of NGF/TrkA and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Immune Signaling Crosstalk.","authors":"Alaa S Wahba, Amira A El-Gazar, Dina M Abo-Elmatty, Noha M Mesbah, Mohamed A Abdallah, Mohammed S Sobh, Gehad M Elnagar","doi":"10.1155/bri/9048764","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/9048764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repetitive traumatic brain injury (RTBI) can cause long-term complications, including persistent neuroinflammation, which can extend beyond the central nervous system, impacting various peripheral organs as liver. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of arbutin treatment in a rat model of mild RTBI (mRTBI), focusing on nerve growth factor (NGF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) signaling pathway along with the crosstalk between brain injury and hepatic dysfunction. Animals were randomly assigned into three groups: one served as a normal control (NC) group, while the other two groups were exposed to one blow for 5 days and either left for one week after the fifth blow (mRTBI) or received arbutin intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg/day for 7 days, mRTBI + ARB). Biochemical and histopathological changes were monitored in the brain cortex and the liver. This study revealed that arbutin treatment offered neuroprotection and preserved most of the neuronal structures. Arbutin demonstrated a significant increase in the cortical NGF and TrkA contents, along with a marked upregulation in cortical phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKt) mRNA levels compared to the mRTBI group. Furthermore, arbutin decreased cortical and serum inflammatory markers, reflecting its anti-inflammatory power. Peripherally, arbutin treatment resulted in a substantial decrease in hepatic inflammatory markers, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and caspase-3. These effects preserved hepatocellular histoarchitecture and reduced liver injury markers. Collectively, arbutin effectively modulated the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway, diminished inflammation, and alleviated the detrimental effects of mRTBI on both the brain and liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9048764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13365799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148444234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemerin Normal Function and Roles in Metabolic and Nonmetabolic Disorders: An Up-To-Date Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Noha A Ahmed, Aida A Hussein, Rehab G Khalil, Nour Y S Yassin, Mohamed A Abdelaziz, Ayman I Geddawy, Osama M Ahmed","doi":"10.1155/bri/1761697","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/1761697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemerin (retinoic acid receptor responder 2; RARRES2) is a secreted chemoattractant/adipokine that is expressed mainly in white adipose tissue, liver, and placenta and becomes bioactive after C-terminal proteolytic processing into isoforms with distinct activities. This review summarizes (i) chemerin biosynthesis, processing, receptors, and signaling (CMKLR1/ChemR23, GPR1, and CCRL2), (ii) key physiological roles in immune cell trafficking, adipogenesis, glucose and lipid homeostasis, and vascular biology, and (iii) current evidence linking chemerin signaling to major metabolic disorders and selected nonmetabolic diseases. Overall, circulating chemerin is frequently elevated in obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hypertension and often correlates with inflammatory markers; however, heterogeneity in study design, confounding, and limited isoform-specific measurements complicate causal inference and diagnostic validation. Beyond metabolism, chemerin signaling has been implicated in inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis) and multiple cancers with tumor type-specific pro- or antitumor effects. Standardized assays, isoform-resolved measurements, and prospective studies are needed to clarify disease mechanisms and determine the clinical utility of chemerin as a biomarker or target.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1761697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Hemostatic Effects of <i>Bothrops</i> spp. and <i>Daboia russelii</i> Venoms.","authors":"Geovanna M Malchias-Pires, Marcela Romanazzi, José R Almeida, Jarred Williams, Pradeep Vijayakumar, Soheil Gilabadi, Rui Seabra Ferreira Júnior, Sakthivel Vaiyapuri, Manuela Berto Pucca","doi":"10.1155/bri/1756413","DOIUrl":"10.1155/bri/1756413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venoms from <i>Bothrops</i> species and <i>Daboia russelii</i> are among the leading causes of venom-induced coagulopathy and snakebite-related deaths. In this study, we comparatively evaluated the biochemical composition and hemostatic effects of venoms from seven <i>Bothrops</i> species and <i>D. russelii</i> using protein profiling and functional coagulation assays. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis revealed broadly similar molecular weight distributions between the two genera, consistent with the presence of snake venom metalloproteinases, serine proteases, and phospholipases A₂, but with notable interspecific variability among <i>Bothrops</i> venoms. Enzymatic assays demonstrated heterogeneous metalloproteinase, serine protease, and phospholipase A₂ activities across <i>Bothrops</i> species, whereas <i>D. russelii</i> venom showed strong phospholipase A₂ activity and limited fibrinogenolytic activity. Functional coagulation analyses revealed marked differences between the genera. <i>Bothrops</i> venoms induced rapid clot initiation, with alterations in clot formation observed in a species-dependent manner, accompanied by pronounced fibrinogen degradation, consistent with consumption coagulopathy driven by fibrinogenolysis and clot destabilization. In contrast, <i>D. russelii</i> venom exhibited a strong procoagulant profile, significantly reducing prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, with minimal direct fibrinogen degradation. Previous studies have shown that <i>D. russelii</i> venom also promotes rapid clot formation in rotational thromboelastometry assays. Together, these findings demonstrate that <i>Bothrops</i> spp. and <i>D. russelii</i> venoms converge functionally in disrupting hemostasis but do so through distinct biochemical strategies, providing experimental support for the divergent coagulation phenotypes observed clinically.</p>","PeriodicalId":8826,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1756413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148366868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}