Biochar最新文献

{"title":"Incorporation of N-doped biochar into zero-valent iron for efficient reductive degradation of neonicotinoids: mechanism and performance","authors":"Xiangying Li, Xiangyu Zhang, Peng Zhang, Xinhua Wang, Hongwen Sun, Yongyue Lu, Le Jiao, Chenglan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00280-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00280-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extensive use of neonicotinoids on food crops for pest management has resulted in substantial environmental contamination. It is imperative to develop an effective remediation material and technique as well as to determine the evolution pathways of products. Here, novel ball-milled nitrogen-doped biochar (NBC)-modified zero-valent iron (ZVI) composites (named MNBC-ZVI) were fabricated and applied to degrading neonicotinoids. Based on the characterization results, NBC incorporation introduced N-doped sites and new allying heterojunctions and achieved surface charge redistribution, rapid electron transfer, and higher hydrophobicity of ZVI particles. As a result, the interaction between ZVI particles and thiamethoxam (a typical neonicotinoid) was improved, and the adsorption–desorption and reductive degradation of thiamethoxam and ·H generation steps were optimized. MNBC-ZVI could rapidly degrade 100% of 10 mg·L⁻¹ thiamethoxam within 360 min, its reduction rate constant was 12.1-fold greater than that of pristine ZVI, and the electron efficiency increased from 29.7% to 57.8%. This improved reactivity and selectivity resulted from increased electron transfer, enhanced hydrophobicity, and reduced accumulation of iron mud. Moreover, the degradation of neonicotinoids occurred mainly via nitrate reduction and dichlorination, and toxicity tests with degradation intermediates revealed that neonicotinoids undergo rapid detoxification. Remarkably, MNBC-ZVI also presented favorable tolerance to various anions, humic acid, wastewater and contaminated soil, as well as high reusability. This work offers an efficient and economic biochar-ZVI remediation technology for the rapid degradation and detoxification of neonicotinoids, significantly contributes to knowledge on the relevant removal mechanism and further advances the synthesis of highly reactive and environmentally friendly materials.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and limitations of biochar for climate-smart agriculture: a review and case study from China","authors":"Xiaomeng Bo, Zhiwei Zhang, Jinyang Wang, Shumin Guo, Zhutao Li, Haiyan Lin, Yawen Huang, Zhaoqiang Han, Yakov Kuzyakov, Jianwen Zou","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar has gained significant attention in agricultural and environmental research over the last two decades. This comprehensive review evaluates the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC), emission of non-CO₂ greenhouse gases, and crop yield, including related mechanisms and major influencing factors. The impacts of biochar on SOC, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and crop yield are controlled by biochar and soil properties and management practices. High-temperature biochar produced from lignin-rich feedstocks may decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions in acidic soils and strengthen long-term carbon sequestration due to its stable aromatic structure. In contrast, low-temperature biochar from manure may increase crop yield in low-fertility soils. Applying biochar to farmlands in China can increase SOC content by 1.9 Pg C and reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 25 and 20 Mt CO₂-eq year⁻¹, respectively, while increasing crop yields by 19%. Despite the increasing evidence of the positive effects of biochar, future research needs to explore the potential factors that could weaken or hinder its capacity to address climate change and secure crop production. We conclude that biochar is not a universal solution for global cropland; however, targeted applications in fields, landscapes, or regional scales, especially in low fertility and sandy soils, could realize the benefits of biochar as a climate-smart measure.</p><p><b>Highlights</b></p><ul>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>The findings of research on biochar's effects on soil C sequestration, GHG mitigation, and crop production were summarized. </p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>The factors influencing the impact of biochar on soil functioning were reviewed.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000<li>\u0000<p>The effects of biochar on soil C sequestration and GHG mitigation in farmlands of China were quantified.</p>\u0000</li>\u0000</ul><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heteroatom-doped biochar devised from cellulose for CO2 adsorption: a new vision on competitive behavior and interactions of N and S","authors":"Yuxuan Sun, Jixiu Jia, Zhidan Liu, Ziyun Liu, Lili Huo, Lixin Zhao, Yanan Zhao, Zonglu Yao","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00275-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00275-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar, as a potential CO₂ adsorbent, is of great significance in addressing the problem of global warming. Previous studies have demonstrated that the CO₂ adsorption performance of biochar can be improved by nitrogen and sulfur doping. Co-doping can integrate the structure and function of two elements. However, the physicochemical interaction of nitrogen and sulfur during doping and the CO₂ adsorption process remains unclear in co-doped biochar. In this study, the heteroatom-doped biochar was prepared with different additives (urea, sodium thiosulfate, and thiourea) via hydrothermal carbonization, and the physicochemical interaction of nitrogen and sulfur in co-doped biochar was investigated extensively. The findings revealed that nitrogen and sulfur competed for limited doped active sites on the carbon skeleton during the co-doping process. Interestingly, thiourea retained the amino group on the surface of biochar to a great extent due to carbon–sulfur double bond breaking and bonding, which facilitated the formation of pore in the activation process. Significantly, co-doping had no significant improvement effect although nitrogen and sulfur doping separately enhanced the CO₂ adsorption performance of biochar by 11.9% and 8.5%. The nitrogen-containing and sulfur-containing functional groups in co-doped biochar exhibited mutual inhibition in the process of CO₂ adsorption. The findings of this study will have pertinent implications in the application of N/S co-doped biochar for CO₂ adsorption.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biochar aging in agricultural soil on its wetting properties and surface structure","authors":"Natalia Ivanova, Gardoon Luqman Obaeed Obaeed, Farid Sulkarnaev, Natalya Buchkina, Alexey Gubin, Andrei Yurtaev","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00272-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00272-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar wettability and ability to accumulate moisture inside the porous space are crucial for improving soil fertility, regulating soil water balance, and regulating nutrients. However, a long-term interaction of biochar with agricultural soils may drastically alter the wetting properties and, eventually, influence water holding capacity and the structure of soils. In this work, the structure and wetting properties of biochar samples after 6-year long exposure to a sandy loam Spodosol with a crop rotation and mineral fertilizers application were studied. It was found that the elemental composition of the aged biochars was richer and more \"soil-like\", which is explained by the presence of the mineral crust on the biochar surface. The temporal evolution of biochar in the soil without any mineral fertilizer application resulted in significant improvement of its surface wettability due to the effects of various environmental factors. The lateral surface of biochar after 6-year interaction with the soil changes into a loose porous layer in a form of grooved base filled with adherent mineral soil and clay particles. Contrary, the application of the mineral fertilizer to the soil resulted in decreased wettability of the biochar lateral surfaces due to a decrease in the polar component of surface energy and the crusting of the surface with fine material, which blocks the pore space of the biochar. As a result, water capacity of the biochar from the treatment with the fertilizer decreased compared to the biochar samples collected from the soil without the fertilizer application. The radial biochar surfaces of both types of samples collected from the soil were open vessels filled with soil particles that slow down complete wetting and water absorption. The treatment of the biochar samples with surfactants drastically increased wettability of lateral surface and water absorption capacity of control samples as compared to the samples collected from the soil. The obtained results support the idea that the hydrophilisation of biochar caused by the adhesion of soil particles and treatment of its pore surface with surfactants, can improve the water-holding capacity of the sandy loam Spodosol in the plant-available range of soil water.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ice-phobic properties of MoS2-loaded rice straw biogas residue biochar-based photothermal and anti-corrosion coating with low oxygen to carbon ratio","authors":"Zhiyuan Liu, Yan Li, Zhiyuan He","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00276-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00276-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Icing of wind turbine blades will seriously hinder the development of the wind power industry, and the use of biomass resources to solve the icing problem is conducive to promoting the synergistic development of biomass and wind energy. In this study, ice-phobic coatings with photothermal and anti-corrosion properties were prepared by surface modification pyrolysis and hydrothermal reaction with rice straw biogas residue as raw material. The erosion of KOH and the surface modification of MoS₂ produced a rough structure of the material, and the high-temperature pyrolysis and hydrothermal reaction promoted the dehydrogenation and decarboxylation reactions, which reduced the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and decreased the surface energy of the material. The ice-phobic coating has superhydrophobic properties with a contact angle of 158.32°. Due to the small surface area in contact with water, the coating was able to significantly reduce the icing adhesion strength to 53.23 kPa. The icing wind tunnel test results showed that the icing area and mass were reduced by 10.54% and 30.08%, respectively, when the wind speed was 10 m s⁻¹ and the temperature was − 10 °C. Photothermal performance tests showed that the MoS₂-loaded material had light absorption properties, and the coating could rapidly warm up to 58.3 ℃ under xenon lamp irradiation with photothermal cycle stability. The loading of MoS₂ acts as a physical barrier, reducing the contact of corrosive media with the substrate, thus improving the anti-corrosion of the coating. This study has practical application value and significance for the development of the anti-icing field under complex environmental conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent effects of biochar amendment and replacing mineral fertilizer with manure on soil respiration in a subtropical tea plantation","authors":"Zhaoqiang Han, Pinshang Xu, Zhutao Li, Shumin Guo, Shuqing Li, Shuwei Liu, Shuang Wu, Jinyang Wang, Jianwen Zou","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00273-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00273-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Applying biochar amendment and manure in tea plantation ecosystems can diminish soil acidification and degradation. However, the impact of these practices on soil respiration and associated mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, we combined a two-year field experiment and laboratory analyses based on soil properties, functional genes, and microbial co-occurrence networks to explore the determinants of soil respiration intensity in a subtropical tea plantation with biochar amendment and manure application. The results showed that the effect of biochar amendment on soil respiration was unconspicuous. Although biochar amendment increased bacterial richness and Shannon index, biochar amendment did not alter the abundance of species associated with C-cycling functional genes. Besides directly adding recalcitrant C to the soil, biochar also indirectly enhanced C sequestration by weakly increasing soil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. However, replacing mineral fertilizer with manure significantly stimulated soil respiration in the tea plantation, resulting in a 36% increase in CO 2 emissions over two years. The increase in CO 2 emissions under the manure treatment was mainly attributed to the increased soil labile C pool, the activity of hydrolytic enzymes (e.g., cellobiohydrolase and acetylglucosaminidase), and the relative abundance of functional genes associated with the C-cycle. This may also be related to the application of manure that increased the abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and altered ecological clusters in bacterial co-occurrence networks. Our correlation network analysis suggested that Gemmatimonadetes might be the potential hosts for C-cycling genes due to their strong positive correlation with the abundance of C-cycling genes. Overall, these findings provide new insights into soil respiration under biochar amendment and manure application in tea plantations and broaden the options for carbon sequestration in soils. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"51 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroecosystem modeling of reactive nitrogen emissions from U.S. agricultural soils with carbon amendments","authors":"Lina Luo, Daniel S. Cohan, Caroline A. Masiello, Taras E. Lychuk, Xiaodong Gao","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00271-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00271-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fertilizer-intensive agriculture is a leading source of reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions that damage climate, air quality, and human health. Biochar has long been studied as a soil amendment, but its influence on Nr emissions remains insufficiently characterized. More recently, the pyrolysis of light hydrocarbons has been suggested as a source of hydrogen fuel, resulting in a solid zero-valent carbon (ZVC) byproduct whose impact on soil emissions has yet to be tested. We incorporate carbon amendment algorithms into an agroecosystem model to simulate emission changes in the year following the application of biochar or ZVC to the US. fertilized soils. Our simulations predicted that the impacts of biochar amendments on Nr emissions would vary widely (− 17% to + 27% under 5 ton ha −1 applications, − 38% to + 18% under 20 ton ha −1 applications) and depend mostly on how nitrification is affected. Low-dose biochar application (5 ton ha −1 ) stimulated emissions of all three nitrogen species in 75% of simulated agricultural areas, while high-dose applications (20 ton ha −1 ) mitigated emissions in 76% of simulated areas. Applying zero-valent carbon at 20 ton ha −1 exhibited similar effects on nitrogen emissions as biochar applications at 5 ton ha −1 . Biochar amendments are most likely to mitigate emissions if applied at high rates in acidic soils (pH < 5.84) with low organic carbon (< 55.9 kg C ha −1 ) and inorganic nitrogen (< 101.5 kg N ha −1 ) content. Our simulations could inform where the application of carbon amendments would most likely mitigate Nr emissions and their associated adverse impacts. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":" 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar potentially enhances maize tolerance to arsenic toxicity by improving physiological and biochemical responses to excessive arsenate","authors":"Md. Mezanur Rahman, Ashim Kumar Das, Sharmin Sultana, Protik Kumar Ghosh, Md. Robyul Islam, Sanjida Sultana Keya, Minhaz Ahmed, Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad, Md. Arifur Rahman Khan, Mylea C. Lovell, Md. Abiar Rahman, S. M. Ahsan, Touhidur Rahman Anik, Pallavi Fnu, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Mohammad Golam Mostofa","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00270-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00270-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metalloid pollution, including arsenic poisoning, is a serious environmental issue, plaguing plant productivity and quality of life worldwide. Biochar, a carbon-rich material, has been known to alleviate the negative effects of environmental pollutants on plants. However, the specific role of biochar in mitigating arsenic stress in maize remains relatively unexplored. Here, we elucidated the functions of biochar in improving maize growth under the elevated level of sodium arsenate (Na 2 AsO 4 , As V ). Maize plants were grown in pot-soils amended with two doses of biochar (2.5% (B1) and 5.0% (B2) biochar Kg −1 of soil) for 5 days, followed by exposure to Na 2 AsO 4 ('B1 + As V 'and 'B2 + As V ') for 9 days. Maize plants exposed to As V only accumulated substantial amount of arsenic in both roots and leaves, triggering severe phytotoxic effects, including stunted growth, leaf-yellowing, chlorosis, reduced photosynthesis, and nutritional imbalance, when compared with control plants. Contrariwise, biochar addition improved the phenotype and growth of As V -stressed maize plants by reducing root-to-leaf As V translocation (by 46.56 and 57.46% in ‘B1 + As V’ and ‘B2 + As V’ plants), improving gas-exchange attributes, and elevating chlorophylls and mineral levels beyond As V -stressed plants. Biochar pretreatment also substantially counteracted As V -induced oxidative stress by lowering reactive oxygen species accumulation, lipoxygenase activity, malondialdehyde level, and electrolyte leakage. Less oxidative stress in ‘B1 + As V’ and ‘B2 + As V’ plants likely supported by a strong antioxidant system powered by biochar-mediated increased activities of superoxide dismutase (by 25.12 and 46.55%), catalase (51.78 and 82.82%), and glutathione S -transferase (61.48 and 153.83%), and improved flavonoid levels (41.48 and 75.37%, respectively). Furthermore, increased levels of soluble sugars and free amino acids also correlated with improved leaf relative water content, suggesting a better osmotic acclimatization mechanism in biochar-pretreated As V -exposed plants. Overall, our findings provided mechanistic insight into how biochar facilitates maize’s active recovery from As V -stress, implying that biochar application may be a viable technique for mitigating negative effects of arsenic in maize, and perhaps, in other important cereal crops. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"49 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable preparation strategy for the nitrogen-doped hierarchical biochar with high surface area for the enhanced removal of organic dye","authors":"Yiting Mao, Bo Cai, Ming Huang, Xiaohuan Liu, Wenbiao Zhang, Zhongqing Ma","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00269-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00269-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biochar is a potential porous carbon to remove the contaminants from aquatic environments. Herein, N-doped hierarchical biochar was produced by the combined approach of ammonia torrefaction pretreatment (ATP) and alkali activation. ATP could not only incorporate N element into poplar wood, but obtain the loose structure of poplar wood. The highest surface area of N-doped hierarchical biochar was 2324.61 m 2 g −1 after ammonia wet torrefaction pretreatment, which was higher than that of activation carbon (1401.82 m 2 g −1 ) without torrefaction pretreatment, the hierarchical biochar (2111.03 m 2 g −1 ) without ammonia atmosphere. The N-doped hierarchical biochar presented the highest adsorption capacity (564.7 mg g −1 ) of methyl orange (MO), which was 14.64-fold of that on biochar without N doping. In addition, the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model fitted well with the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the N-doped hierarchical biochar. The incorporation of nitrogen element could not only tune the distribution of surface electrons on biochar, but optimize the ambient condition of adsorption active sites as well. The adsorption of MO might occur on the N-/O-containing functional groups through the electrostatic interaction, the π-π dispersion interaction, and the hydrogen bonding. The density functional theory showed that the graphitic-N and pyridinic-N were the dominant adsorption active sites. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135584762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tofukasu-derived biochar with interconnected and hierarchical pores for high efficient removal of Cr (VI)","authors":"Liang Fang, Wei Yang, Jianhua Hou, kewang Zheng, Asif Hussain, Yongcai Zhang, Zhenhua Hou, Xiaozhi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00268-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00268-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Herein, we report the synthesis of interconnected hierarchical pore biochar (HTB) via an ice-templating strategy using bio-waste (tofukasu). The abundance of N- and O-containing functional groups in tofukasu makes it easy to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules and water clusters, resulting in nano-micro structures like ice clusters and snow crystals during freezing process. More importantly, tofukasu will be squeezed by micron-scale snow crystals to form coiled sheet-like structures, and its surface and interior will be affected by needle-like ice nanocrystals from several nanometers to tens of nanometers to form transverse groove needles and mesopores. The ice crystals are then removed by sublimation with tofukasu, leaving the interconnected pore structure intact. Therefore, the ice template synthesis strategy endowed the interconnected hierarchical pore structure of HTB with a large specific surface area (S BET , 733 m 2 ⋅g −1 ) and hierarchical porosity (30.30% for mesopores/total pore volume ratio), which is significantly higher than the normal dry treated tofukasu biochar (TB), which had a S BET of 436 m 2 ⋅g −1 and contained 1.53% mesopores. In addition, the sheet-like structure with interconnected pores of HTB favors high exposure of active sites (N- and O-containing functional groups), and a fast electron transport rate. As a result, HTB had an excellent adsorption capacity of 159.65 mg⋅g −1 , which is 4.7 times that of typical block biochar of TB (33.89 mg⋅g −1 ) according to Langmuir model. Electrochemical characterization, FTIR and XPS analysis showed that the mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by HTB included electrostatic attraction, pore filling, reduction and surface complexation. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}