{"title":"生物炭对气候智能型农业的益处与局限性:中国的回顾与案例研究","authors":"Xiaomeng Bo, Zhiwei Zhang, Jinyang Wang, Shumin Guo, Zhutao Li, Haiyan Lin, Yawen Huang, Zhaoqiang Han, Yakov Kuzyakov, Jianwen Zou","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biochar has gained significant attention in agricultural and environmental research over the last two decades. This comprehensive review evaluates the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC), emission of non-CO<sub>2</sub> greenhouse gases, and crop yield, including related mechanisms and major influencing factors. The impacts of biochar on SOC, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and crop yield are controlled by biochar and soil properties and management practices. High-temperature biochar produced from lignin-rich feedstocks may decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions in acidic soils and strengthen long-term carbon sequestration due to its stable aromatic structure. In contrast, low-temperature biochar from manure may increase crop yield in low-fertility soils. Applying biochar to farmlands in China can increase SOC content by 1.9 Pg C and reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 25 and 20 Mt CO<sub>2</sub>-eq year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, while increasing crop yields by 19%. Despite the increasing evidence of the positive effects of biochar, future research needs to explore the potential factors that could weaken or hinder its capacity to address climate change and secure crop production. We conclude that biochar is not a universal solution for global cropland; however, targeted applications in fields, landscapes, or regional scales, especially in low fertility and sandy soils, could realize the benefits of biochar as a climate-smart measure.</p><p><b>Highlights</b></p><ul>\n<li>\n<p>The findings of research on biochar's effects on soil C sequestration, GHG mitigation, and crop production were summarized. </p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>The factors influencing the impact of biochar on soil functioning were reviewed.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>The effects of biochar on soil C sequestration and GHG mitigation in farmlands of China were quantified.</p>\n</li>\n</ul><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\n","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Benefits and limitations of biochar for climate-smart agriculture: a review and case study from China\",\"authors\":\"Xiaomeng Bo, Zhiwei Zhang, Jinyang Wang, Shumin Guo, Zhutao Li, Haiyan Lin, Yawen Huang, Zhaoqiang Han, Yakov Kuzyakov, Jianwen Zou\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Biochar has gained significant attention in agricultural and environmental research over the last two decades. This comprehensive review evaluates the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC), emission of non-CO<sub>2</sub> greenhouse gases, and crop yield, including related mechanisms and major influencing factors. The impacts of biochar on SOC, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and crop yield are controlled by biochar and soil properties and management practices. High-temperature biochar produced from lignin-rich feedstocks may decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions in acidic soils and strengthen long-term carbon sequestration due to its stable aromatic structure. In contrast, low-temperature biochar from manure may increase crop yield in low-fertility soils. Applying biochar to farmlands in China can increase SOC content by 1.9 Pg C and reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 25 and 20 Mt CO<sub>2</sub>-eq year<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, while increasing crop yields by 19%. Despite the increasing evidence of the positive effects of biochar, future research needs to explore the potential factors that could weaken or hinder its capacity to address climate change and secure crop production. We conclude that biochar is not a universal solution for global cropland; however, targeted applications in fields, landscapes, or regional scales, especially in low fertility and sandy soils, could realize the benefits of biochar as a climate-smart measure.</p><p><b>Highlights</b></p><ul>\\n<li>\\n<p>The findings of research on biochar's effects on soil C sequestration, GHG mitigation, and crop production were summarized. </p>\\n</li>\\n<li>\\n<p>The factors influencing the impact of biochar on soil functioning were reviewed.</p>\\n</li>\\n<li>\\n<p>The effects of biochar on soil C sequestration and GHG mitigation in farmlands of China were quantified.</p>\\n</li>\\n</ul><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\\n\",\"PeriodicalId\":8789,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biochar\",\"volume\":\"24 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":13.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-11-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biochar\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biochar","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00279-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Benefits and limitations of biochar for climate-smart agriculture: a review and case study from China
Biochar has gained significant attention in agricultural and environmental research over the last two decades. This comprehensive review evaluates the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC), emission of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, and crop yield, including related mechanisms and major influencing factors. The impacts of biochar on SOC, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and crop yield are controlled by biochar and soil properties and management practices. High-temperature biochar produced from lignin-rich feedstocks may decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions in acidic soils and strengthen long-term carbon sequestration due to its stable aromatic structure. In contrast, low-temperature biochar from manure may increase crop yield in low-fertility soils. Applying biochar to farmlands in China can increase SOC content by 1.9 Pg C and reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 25 and 20 Mt CO2-eq year−1, respectively, while increasing crop yields by 19%. Despite the increasing evidence of the positive effects of biochar, future research needs to explore the potential factors that could weaken or hinder its capacity to address climate change and secure crop production. We conclude that biochar is not a universal solution for global cropland; however, targeted applications in fields, landscapes, or regional scales, especially in low fertility and sandy soils, could realize the benefits of biochar as a climate-smart measure.
Highlights
The findings of research on biochar's effects on soil C sequestration, GHG mitigation, and crop production were summarized.
The factors influencing the impact of biochar on soil functioning were reviewed.
The effects of biochar on soil C sequestration and GHG mitigation in farmlands of China were quantified.
期刊介绍：
Biochar stands as a distinguished academic journal delving into multidisciplinary subjects such as agronomy, environmental science, and materials science. Its pages showcase innovative articles spanning the preparation and processing of biochar, exploring its diverse applications, including but not limited to bioenergy production, biochar-based materials for environmental use, soil enhancement, climate change mitigation, contaminated-environment remediation, water purification, new analytical techniques, life cycle assessment, and crucially, rural and regional development. Biochar publishes various article types, including reviews, original research, rapid reports, commentaries, and perspectives, with the overarching goal of reporting significant research achievements, critical reviews fostering a deeper mechanistic understanding of the science, and facilitating academic exchange to drive scientific and technological development.
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