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Topics in economic analysis & policy最新文献

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After the Traffic Stops: Officer Characteristics and Enforcement Actions 交通停驶后:警员特征与执法行动
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-12-03 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1538
Billy R. Close, Patrick L. Mason
{"title":"After the Traffic Stops: Officer Characteristics and Enforcement Actions","authors":"Billy R. Close, Patrick L. Mason","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1538","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines the relationship between officer characteristics and racially biased policing. In particular, we explore the relationship between the officer's race/ethnicity and the nature and extent of excessive enforcement actions by race. We derive an efficient enforcement action theorem which suggests that if public safety is the sole concern of police agencies, then racially and ethnically biased policing will not be a persistent element of police practice. Alternatively, our political economic model suggests that police apply more severe sanctions against other-group drivers. Our results show that the race and ethnicity of officers have a significant and substantive impact on the intensity of enforcement actions by the Florida Highway Patrol against stopped drivers.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Absorptive Capacity in R&D Joint Ventures When Basic Research Is Costly 基础研究成本高时合资研发企业的吸收能力
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-11-05 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1572
Mark R. Frascatore
{"title":"Absorptive Capacity in R&D Joint Ventures When Basic Research Is Costly","authors":"Mark R. Frascatore","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ``Absorptive capacity\" – a firm's ability to assimilate information acquired from other firms – can depend on the amount of basic research it conducts. The optimal expenditures on basic research depend on its costs, and these expenditures in turn affect the amount of applied research a firm conducts to lower production costs. This paper shows that firms' expenditures on basic research can differ from the socially optimal levels, and the difference depends on the magnitude of the basic research costs and the amount of research collaboration between the firms. Policy responses that could bring firm behavior in line with that which is socially desirable are discussed as well.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Effects of Political Action Committee Contributions on Medical Liability Legislation 政治行动委员会捐款对医疗责任立法的影响
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-11-01 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1544
Amy M Wolaver, C. Magee
{"title":"The Effects of Political Action Committee Contributions on Medical Liability Legislation","authors":"Amy M Wolaver, C. Magee","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1544","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines representatives' voting on the HEALTH Act of 2003, which proposed a limit on noneconomic damages in medical malpractice lawsuits. The estimates show that the more campaign contributions a representative received from law firm PACs, the less likely he or she was to vote for the bill, while money from insurance and health care industry PACs increased the likelihood of an aye vote. These effects remain after controlling for the endogeneity of campaign contributions. Other factors affecting voting decisions include party affiliation, representative ideology, whether or not the representative was an attorney, the change in state malpractice premiums and payouts, and the change in the number of doctors in the state. There is no strong evidence that the AMA's strategy of naming certain states as being in \"crisis\" increased the probability that representatives from those states supported the bill.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Corruption, Environmental Resources, and International Trade 腐败、环境资源与国际贸易
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-09-09 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1515
P. Ranjan, Baishali Bakshi
{"title":"Corruption, Environmental Resources, and International Trade","authors":"P. Ranjan, Baishali Bakshi","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1515","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is shown how corruption in the management of environmental resources can give rise to a comparative advantage in environment-intensive industries. International trade, in this setting, is not necessarily welfare improving. When corruption responds endogenously to the over-exploitation of resources, it is possible for international trade to generate forces that improve resource management by reducing corruption. Therefore, in this case trade could provide gains in addition to the usual gains.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68558925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Consumption Mobility in the United States: Evidence from Two Panel Data Sets 美国的消费流动性:来自两个面板数据集的证据
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1474
Jonathan D. Fisher, David S. Johnson
{"title":"Consumption Mobility in the United States: Evidence from Two Panel Data Sets","authors":"Jonathan D. Fisher, David S. Johnson","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1474","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines inequality and mobility using measures of income and consumption. Consumption is claimed to be a better measure of permanent income and thus well-being, but most studies of inequality and mobility using U.S. data use income.This paper uses cohort data from the Consumer Expenditure Surveys on total consumption to impute consumption in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Then, we use this imputed consumption and actual income from the PSID to examine changes in inequality and mobility. Similar to earlier findings, we show that there has been a large increase in income inequality but no concurrent increase in consumption inequality in the 1990s. Conversely, income mobility and consumption mobility are similar during this time period.Finally, we link the concepts of inequality and mobility using a social welfare function. The results suggest that income mobility and consumption mobility more than offset the increases in inequality.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
The Relationship between Beer Taxes, Other Alcohol Policies, and Child Homicide Deaths 啤酒税、其他酒精政策与儿童他杀死亡之间的关系
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-08-31 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1571
B. Sen
{"title":"The Relationship between Beer Taxes, Other Alcohol Policies, and Child Homicide Deaths","authors":"B. Sen","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1571","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Extant research finds inverse relationships between beer taxes and physical child abuse. This study extends the direction of research by investigating the relationship between beer taxes, other alcohol policies and child homicide deaths. The homicide death count for children 0-9 years old at the state level over 1981-2002 is used as the dependent variable. Negative binomial regression models with state and year fixed effects and other control variables are estimated. Results show an inverse relationship between per gallon beer taxes and child homicide deaths (elasticity approximately -0.19), and a direct relationship between alcohol retail outlet density and child homicide deaths (elasticity approximately 0.16). Very similar results are obtained when the dependent variable is changed to be the sum of child homicide deaths and child deaths classified as being due to 'undetermined intent', and when conditional maximum likelihood Poisson models are used instead of negative binomial models.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Academic Performance and Part-Time Employment among High School Seniors 高三学生的学习成绩与兼职工作
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-08-04 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1466
Jeffrey S. DeSimone
{"title":"Academic Performance and Part-Time Employment among High School Seniors","authors":"Jeffrey S. DeSimone","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1466","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study estimates the effect of hours worked at a part time job on GPA among 12th grade respondents to the annual 1991–2004 Monitoring the Future surveys. I use two stage least squares (2SLS) with indicators for various levels of unearned income, which are strong predictors of hours worked, as instruments. Results show that GPA increases with additional work hours up to 15 per week and then declines. 2SLS estimates are substantially larger than those from ordinary least squares and robust to exclusion restrictions variations. Working has a small negative impact on educational time, but a much larger quadratic impact, which is negative up to 15–20 hours per week, on time spent watching television and in social activities. Effects are stable across the sample period, larger for females, non-whites and metropolitan area residents, and linearly positive but substantially smaller for students with high future discount rates.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Increasing Returns, Input-Output Linkages, and Technological Leapfrogging 报酬递增、投入产出联动与技术跨越
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-07-19 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1552
Fredrik Gallo
{"title":"Increasing Returns, Input-Output Linkages, and Technological Leapfrogging","authors":"Fredrik Gallo","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1552","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Firms agglomerate in one region due to increasing returns, input-output linkages and transportation costs. In the de-industrialised region factor prices are lower and a new technology may be profitable to adopt in that region instead, inducing a change in the technological leadership. This paper shows that the risk of locking in to an old technology is monotonically increasing in the benefits of agglomeration. Greater incompatibility between technologies also increases the risk of rejecting potentially superior manufacturing processes.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does Integrating Economic and Biological Systems Matter for Public Policy? The Case of Yellowstone Lake 整合经济和生物系统对公共政策重要吗?黄石湖的案例
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-07-17 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1352
Chad Settle, J. Shogren
{"title":"Does Integrating Economic and Biological Systems Matter for Public Policy? The Case of Yellowstone Lake","authors":"Chad Settle, J. Shogren","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1352","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Integrated economic and ecologic modeling systems can yield more precise predictions about the underlying physical system and the risks imposed to humans and the environment. But do more accurate risk assessments matter for environmental policy that is in part influenced by the consumers of this physical system? Herein we discuss a situation within the crown jewel of the US national park system in which the answer is no. For endangered cutthroat trout populations threatened by the invasion of exotic lake trout in Yellowstone Lake, if one accounts for the preferences of the average visitor, the optimal policy can be bluntly summarized as \"fix the roads, forget the fish.\" To reverse this outcome, the typical visitor to the Park would have to be more forward-thinking and more generous toward a species that she would never see.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68558607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Did the Death of Australian Inheritance Taxes Affect Deaths? 澳大利亚遗产税的消亡对死亡有影响吗?
Topics in economic analysis & policy Pub Date : 2006-06-01 DOI: 10.2202/1538-0653.1654
J. Gans, A. Leigh
{"title":"Did the Death of Australian Inheritance Taxes Affect Deaths?","authors":"J. Gans, A. Leigh","doi":"10.2202/1538-0653.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0653.1654","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1979, Australia abolished federal inheritance taxes. Using daily deaths data, we show that approximately 50 deaths were shifted from the week before the abolition to the week after. This amounts to over half of those who would have been eligible to pay the tax. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that our results are driven by misreporting, our results imply that over the very short run, the death rate may be highly elastic with respect to the inheritance tax rate.","PeriodicalId":87841,"journal":{"name":"Topics in economic analysis & policy","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1538-0653.1654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68559404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 32
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