Ed Cha, Sung Ho Hong, Vy La, Pranav Madabhushi, Darren Teramoto, Cameron Fung, Finosh G Thankam
{"title":"Ischemia-Induced Expression Status of Cofilin 1, CRSP2, HSP90, HSP27, and IL-8 in Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Single Cell Transcriptomic Profiling of Stromal Cells.","authors":"Ed Cha, Sung Ho Hong, Vy La, Pranav Madabhushi, Darren Teramoto, Cameron Fung, Finosh G Thankam","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2024-0210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a rich source of EAT-derived stromal cells (EATDS) which possess regenerative potential. CRSP2, HSP27, IL8, HSP90 and Cofilin 1 were detected in the secretome of left ventricular stromal cells under ischemia challenge. However, the association of these genes in the EAT and EATDS remain understudied. We aim to assess the status of cofilin 1, CRSP2, HSP27, IL8 and HSP90 in the EAT of myocardial infarction (MI) and Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) swine models and in vitro stimulated ischemic EATDS. Expression status of these proteins in EAT were assessed by immunostaining and in EATDS using qRT-PCR, immunostaining, and Western blot. EATDS phenotyping was performed using sc-RNAseq analysis. Cofilin 1 was increased while the other four genes were decreased in the CABG. IL8 and HSP90 were increased while CRSP2, HSP27 and cofilin 1 were decreased in the MI group. Similar trend was displayed in the expression of these genes in EATDS. Additionally, EATDS displayed versatile phenotypes at single cell resolution based on the differential expression of various gene signatures. The findings revealed novel insights into EAT/EATDS biology and further understanding regarding the EATDS sub-phenotypes would open novel avenues in translational cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TRIM3 modulates cisplmatin-resistant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma via endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in vitro.","authors":"Meiya Mao, Tianzi You, Kejun Xu, Huiqing Ding","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2024-0154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TRIM3 is widely recognized as a tumor suppressor gene. However, its precise role in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) remains elusive. Here, we observed a significant decrease in the expression of TRIM3 in CESC cells. Overexpression of TRIM3 suppresses cell proliferation and clonal formation. Through the establishment of cisplatin (cDDP)-resistant CESC cell lines, we discovered that the expression of TRIM3 was further downregulated in cDDP-resistant cells, while overexpression of TRIM3 enhanced cellular sensitivity to cDDP. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TRIM3 directly interacts with GRP78, a crucial protein involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway, promoting its ubiquitination degradation. Under cDDP treatment, the overexpression of TRIM3 in cDDP-resistant cells suppressed cell proliferation and downregulated the expression of drug-resistant genes, while simultaneously enhancing the activation of apoptosis signaling pathways. However, co-expression of TRIM3 and GRP78 restored cellular sensitivity to cDDP back to normal levels. Consequently, overexpressing TRIM3 in drug-resistant cells facilitates PERK activation and subsequent induction of apoptosis through inhibition of GRP78, ultimately suppressing drug resistance and inducing apoptosis in CESC cells. In conclution, our study suggests that the TRIM3/GRP78 axis regulates cDDP resistance in CESC cells by modulating the downstream apoptotic pathway of ERS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishing validated RT-qPCR workflow for the analysis of oligodendrocyte gene expression in the developing murine brain.","authors":"Samantha Smith, Emma R Swan, Kendra L Furber","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0088","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myelination is essential for the proper conduction of impulses across neuronal networks. Mature, myelinating glia differentiate from progenitor cells through distinct stages that correspond to oligodendrocyte-specific gene expression markers. Reverse transcription quantiatative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a common technique used to quantify gene expression across cell development; however, a lack of standardization and transparency in methodology may lead to irreproducible data. Here, we have designed and validated RT-qPCR assays for oligodendrocyte genes and reference genes in the developing C57BL6/J mouse brain that align with the MIQE guidelines, including quality controls for primer specificity, temperature dependence, and efficiency. A panel of eight commonly used reference genes was ranked using a series of reference gene stability methods that consistently identified <i>Gapdh, Sdha, Hmbs, Hprt1</i>, and <i>Pgk1</i> as the top candidates for normalization across brain regions. In the cerebrum, myelin genes peaked in expression at postnatal day 21, which corresponds to the peak of developmental myelination. The gene expression patterns from the brain homogenate were in agreement with previously reported RNA-seq and microarray profiles from oligodendrocyte lineage cells. The validated RT-qPCR assays begin to build a framework for future investigation into the molecular mechanisms that regulate myelination in mouse models of brain development, aging, and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"492-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric Lécuyer, Martin Sauvageau, Ute Kothe, Peter J Unrau, Masad J Damha, Jonathan Perreault, Sherif Abou Elela, Mark A Bayfield, Julie M Claycomb, Michelle S Scott
{"title":"Canada's contributions to RNA research: past, present, and future perspectives.","authors":"Eric Lécuyer, Martin Sauvageau, Ute Kothe, Peter J Unrau, Masad J Damha, Jonathan Perreault, Sherif Abou Elela, Mark A Bayfield, Julie M Claycomb, Michelle S Scott","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0176","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field of RNA research has provided profound insights into the basic mechanisms modulating the function and adaption of biological systems. RNA has also been at the center stage in the development of transformative biotechnological and medical applications, perhaps most notably was the advent of mRNA vaccines that were critical in helping humanity through the Covid-19 pandemic. Unbeknownst to many, Canada boasts a diverse community of RNA scientists, spanning multiple disciplines and locations, whose cutting-edge research has established a rich track record of contributions across various aspects of RNA science over many decades. Through this position paper, we seek to highlight key contributions made by Canadian investigators to the RNA field, via both thematic and historical viewpoints. We also discuss initiatives underway to organize and enhance the impact of the Canadian RNA research community, particularly focusing on the creation of the not-for-profit organization RNA Canada ARN. Considering the strategic importance of RNA research in biology and medicine, and its considerable potential to help address major challenges facing humanity, sustained support of this sector will be critical to help Canadian scientists play key roles in the ongoing RNA revolution and the many benefits this could bring about to Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"472-491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shehab Eid, Seojin Lee, Claire E Verkuyl, Dustin Almanza, Joseph Hanna, Sandra Shenouda, Ari Belotserkovsky, Wenda Zhao, Joel C Watts
{"title":"The importance of prion research.","authors":"Shehab Eid, Seojin Lee, Claire E Verkuyl, Dustin Almanza, Joseph Hanna, Sandra Shenouda, Ari Belotserkovsky, Wenda Zhao, Joel C Watts","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past four decades, prion diseases have received considerable research attention owing to their potential to be transmitted within and across species as well as their consequences for human and animal health. The unprecedented nature of prions has led to the discovery of a paradigm of templated protein misfolding that underlies a diverse range of both disease-related and normal biological processes. Indeed, the \"prion-like\" misfolding and propagation of protein aggregates is now recognized as a common underlying disease mechanism in human neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and the prion principle has led to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for these illnesses. Despite these advances, research into the fundamental biology of prion diseases has declined, likely due to their rarity and the absence of an acute human health crisis. Given the past translational influence, continued research on the etiology, pathogenesis, and transmission of prion disease should remain a priority. In this review, we highlight several important \"unsolved mysteries\" in the prion disease research field and how solving them may be crucial for the development of effective therapeutics, preventing future outbreaks of prion disease, and understanding the pathobiology of more common human neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"448-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141598333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luigi Rosa, Antimo Cutone, Giusi Ianiro, Piera Valenti, Rosalba Paesano
{"title":"Lactoferrin in the treatment of interstitial cystitis: a retrospective pilot study.","authors":"Luigi Rosa, Antimo Cutone, Giusi Ianiro, Piera Valenti, Rosalba Paesano","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interstitial cystitis (IC), defined as a painful bladder syndrome (PBS), is a chronic condition that manifests itself as a suprapubic pain associated with an enhancing of frequency/urgency of urination, and for which there is no cure. Here, we present a retrospective pilot study on women affected from IC/PBS and treated with bovine lactoferrin (bLf). A total of 31 women, affected (20) or unaffected (11) from hereditary thrombophilia (HT), presented the median of 6 episodes of IC/PBS during the 6 months before the study. Treatment consisted of 17 weeks of orally administered Valpalf<sup>®</sup> capsules, containing bLf plus sodium bicarbonate and citrate. Out of 31 patients, only 3 women had one episode of IC/PBS during the follow-up period, while no episode was observed in 28 women. In the HT group, a significant decrease in both serum IL-6 and D-dimers was found after Valpalf<sup>®</sup> treatment. Moreover, in Valpalf<sup>®</sup>-treated women, cystoscopy revealed a global improvement in the appearance of the bladder, especially in term of inflammation/irritation and presence of Hunner ulcers. Even if our results must be corroborated by randomized double-blinded controlled trials on a larger number of patients, our observations indicate that bLf treatment is efficient in relieving IC/PBS symptoms, without side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"506-514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pathophysiological relevance and therapeutic outlook of GPR43 in atherosclerosis.","authors":"Mu-Yao Tang, Hao Xie, Jin-Tao Tao, Chun Zhang, Yao-Hua Luo, Cong Zhang, Si-Qin Peng, Lin-Xi Xie, Wen-Bo Lv, Chi Zhang, Liang Huang","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0053","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis (AS) is an inflammatory arterial disorder that occurs due to the deposition of the excessive lipoprotein under the artery intima, mainly including low-density lipoprotein and other apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in transmitting signals in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. GPCRs recognize inflammatory mediators, thereby serving as important players during chronic inflammatory processes. It has been demonstrated that free fatty acids can function as ligands for various GPCRs, such as free fatty acid receptor (FFAR)1/GPR40, FFAR2/GPR43, FFAR3/GPR41, FFAR4/GPR120, and the lipid metabolite binding glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor (GPR119). This review discusses GPR43 and its ligands in the pathogenesis of AS, especially focusing on its distinct role in regulating chronic vascular inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, ameliorating endothelial dysfunction and improving dyslipidemia. It is hoped that this review may provide guidance for further studies aimed at GPR43 as a promising target for drug development in the prevention and therapy of AS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"418-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141625850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jihong Zhang, Lin Wang, Xi Zhang, Qiuli Sun, Junhe Zhang
{"title":"Matrix attachment regions enhance transgene expression by manipulating position-dependent effects in stably transfected CHO-K1 cells.","authors":"Jihong Zhang, Lin Wang, Xi Zhang, Qiuli Sun, Junhe Zhang","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2023-0337","DOIUrl":"10.1139/bcb-2023-0337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We previously found that the position of matrix attachment regions (MARs) within the vector significantly affects its ability to enhance transgenic expression in the recombinant protein production. This study aims to systematically investigate the position-dependent impacts of MAR on transgene expression. We observed a significant increase in enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) expression levels in stably transfected CHO-K1 cells with either MAR 1-68 or MAR X-29 when MARs located upstream of the promoter. This increase was especially evident with MAR flanked the expression cassette. Concurrently, a substantial increase was observed in the percentage of eGFP-expressing cells, with 97.8% and 96.0% in MAR-containing constructs versus 73.7% in MAR-absent constructs. Further analysis of erythropoietin (EPO) expression revealed that constructs with flanking MARs induced the highest EPO productivity. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that certain specific transcription factors are important in modulating the transcription process. In conclusion, vectors harboring both MARs around the expression cassette constitute an optimal construct for enhanced recombinant protein production in CHO-K1 cells. This insight underscores the importance of strategic MAR incorporation in vector design for optimized recombinant protein expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"526-534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E2F8 facilitates malignant phenotypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer via increasing MCM7 expression.","authors":"Li-Yun Liu, Liang Tian, Ling-Huan Gao, Hai-Jun Cui, Xue-Mei Li, Yue-Hong Li","doi":"10.1139/bcb-2024-0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2024-0083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>E2F transcription factor 8 (E2F8) is an important regulator of the cell cycle. In this study, we first assessed the expression of E2F8 in bladder cancer and examined its effects in the malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer cell lines. We found that E2F8 was upregulated in bladder cancer tissues, and the increased expression was positively associated with higher clinical stage. E2F8 knockdown suppressed bladder cancer cell proliferation, accompanied by the performance of G1 phase arrest and the upregulated Cyclin D1 protein expression. The migrative and invasive capability was reduced in E2F8-depleted bladder cancer cells. Cisplatin resistance is an important cause of bladder cancer relapse. E2F8 downregulation facilitated cisplatin-induced apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. MCM7 is regulated by E2F and has been shown to participate in bladder cancer. There was a positive correlation between E2F8 and MCM7 expression in bladder cancer. We confirmed that E2F8 bound to the promoter region of MCM7 and activated MCM7 transcription. MCM7 overexpression abrogated the suppressive effects of E2F8 knockdown on malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer cells. We also demonstrated that E2F8 knockdown suppressed bladder cancer progression in vivo. In conclusion, we verify that E2F8 functioned in bladder cancer, and might exert its function via MCM7.</p>","PeriodicalId":8775,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}