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Guest Editorial: Sono et Gravitas - The Legacy of Robert Edmund Apfel 嘉宾评论:《奏鸣曲与庄严》——罗伯特·埃德蒙·阿普菲尔的遗产
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1121/1.4808484
C. Holland, E. Everbach
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Sono et Gravitas - The Legacy of Robert Edmund Apfel","authors":"C. Holland, E. Everbach","doi":"10.1121/1.4808484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4808484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83977413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Whispering” waves and Bate’s ridges in numerical experiments 数值实验中的"低语"波和贝特脊
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1929347
Georg Essl
{"title":"“Whispering” waves and Bate’s ridges in numerical experiments","authors":"Georg Essl","doi":"10.1121/1.1929347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1929347","url":null,"abstract":"The whispering-gallery effect can be simulated using wave front constructions on rays. Results show that sources placed close to the boundary of an elliptic domain will exhibit the whispering-gallery effect. It illustrates that the energy of wave fronts close to boundaries remains dense. The wave fronts form patterns of repeated ridges which are related to the experimental observations of sharp ridges by Bate. The energy of the wave fronts does not remain dense near the boundary for all convex domains. This fact is illustrated using the stadium billiard, where the Bate’s ridges spread when leaving the curved area.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"31 1","pages":"227-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83161634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Molecular and atomic emission during single- bubble cavitation in concentrated sulfuric acid 浓硫酸中单泡空化过程中的分子和原子发射
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1897810
D. Flannigan, K. Suslick
{"title":"Molecular and atomic emission during single- bubble cavitation in concentrated sulfuric acid","authors":"D. Flannigan, K. Suslick","doi":"10.1121/1.1897810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1897810","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrated acid solutions have been reported to produce bright light emission during cavitation. Single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) from sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is much brighter than SBSL from water by over three orders of magnitude when both are regassed with Ar. In contrast to water, SBSL spectra of concentrated H2SO4 contain extensive atomic, molecular, and ionic emission revealing details about intracavity physical conditions and chemical processes. Observation of specific emitters coupled with detailed studies of the temporal emission of the emitters relative to one another and to the overall bubble oscillation will lead to a much more detailed understanding of SBSL.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"49 1","pages":"157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88179029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Premature cardiac contractions produced by ultrasound and microbubble contrast agents in mice 超声和微泡造影剂对小鼠早搏的影响
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1935467
D. Dalecki, C. Rota, C. H. Raeman, S. Child
{"title":"Premature cardiac contractions produced by ultrasound and microbubble contrast agents in mice","authors":"D. Dalecki, C. Rota, C. H. Raeman, S. Child","doi":"10.1121/1.1935467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1935467","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of microbubble contrast agents on the production of premature cardiac contractions in mice exposed to ultrasound. Acoustic exposures consisted of a single pulse of 1.2-MHz ultrasound delivered to the murine heart during diastole. Two contrast agents (Albunex®, Optison®) and two pulse durations (5 ms, 10 μs) were investigated. The threshold for producing a premature contraction with a single 10-μs duration pulse was ∼1 MPa. Using a 5-ms pulse, the threshold with contrast was an order of magnitude less than the threshold without contrast. These results are consistent with cavitation as a mechanism for this bioeffect.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"223 1","pages":"221-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79685090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Interaction of bubbles in a cluster near a rigid surface 刚性表面附近的气泡团簇中的相互作用
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1930967
M. Hamilton, Y. A. Ilinskii, G. Meegan, E. A. Zabolotskaya
{"title":"Interaction of bubbles in a cluster near a rigid surface","authors":"M. Hamilton, Y. A. Ilinskii, G. Meegan, E. A. Zabolotskaya","doi":"10.1121/1.1930967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1930967","url":null,"abstract":"A model for the interaction of two bubbles in a sound field [E. A. Zabolotskaya, Sov. Phys. Acoust. 30, 365–368 (1984)] is extended to account for an arbitrary number of bubbles interacting in a cluster. Compressibility of the liquid is taken into account through radiation damping and time delays due to the finite sound speed. Bubble coalescence is also included. A numerical method for implementing the model is described, and simulations of the growth and collapse of a bubble cluster near a rigid surface are presented. The relative effects of compressibility and coalescence are discussed.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"22 1","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73435532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
Nonlinear dynamics of gas bubbles in viscoelastic media 粘弹性介质中气泡的非线性动力学
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1897824
Xinmai Yang, C. Church
{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics of gas bubbles in viscoelastic media","authors":"Xinmai Yang, C. Church","doi":"10.1121/1.1897824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1897824","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the behavior of cavitation bubbles driven by ultrasonic fields is an important problem in biomedical acoustics. The Keller–Miksis equation for nonlinear bubble dynamics is combined with the Voigt model for viscoelastic media. Using experimentally determined values, the effects of elasticity on bubble oscillations are studied. Inertial cavitation thresholds are determined using Rmax/R0=2, and subharmonic emissions are also estimated. The elasticity increases the threshold pressure for inertial cavitation, and subharmonic signals are significant only in a certain region of radii and driving pressures at a given frequency. These results should prove useful in cavitation detection and bubble-enhanced imaging work.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"11 1","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88082101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Control of cavitation-induced hemolysis with a surface-active polymer 用表面活性聚合物控制空化引起的溶血
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1909263
T. Porter, N. Murthy, P. Mourad, P. Stayton, A. Hoffman, L. Crum
{"title":"Control of cavitation-induced hemolysis with a surface-active polymer","authors":"T. Porter, N. Murthy, P. Mourad, P. Stayton, A. Hoffman, L. Crum","doi":"10.1121/1.1909263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1909263","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to identify the affect of variations in the surface activity of the polymer poly(propylacrylic acid) (PPAA) on cavitation-induced hemolysis. The surface activity of PPAA was varied by changing the molecular weight (MW1=43 kDa and MW2=60 kDa) and the solution pH (pH=5.0, 6.1, and 7.4). Acoustic energy was delivered with a 1.1-MHz high-intensity focused ultrasound transducer. Comparing the two molecular weights, the 60-kDa polymer was a better agent for nucleating cavitation independent of the solution pH, and was a better agent for enhancing cavitation-induced hemolysis.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"12 1","pages":"201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75891980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frequency, pulse length, and the mechanical index 频率，脉冲长度，和机械指标
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1901757
C. Church
{"title":"Frequency, pulse length, and the mechanical index","authors":"C. Church","doi":"10.1121/1.1901757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1901757","url":null,"abstract":"As currently defined, the mechanical index (MI) uses only two parameters, peak rarefactional pressure and center frequency. The effect of another important factor, the pulse length (LP), was investigated by numerical computations for cavitation threshold (Pt) similar to the analytical work underlying the MI. The effect of LP on Pt is small for the original threshold criterion (maximum temperature, Tmax=5000 K), but can be substantial for the often-used criterion on maximum radius, Rmax=2Ro. The potential for bioeffects produced by purely mechanical means (Rmax) increases with LP, while those mediated by sonochemicals (Tmax) does not.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"53 1","pages":"162-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85626677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 75
Nucleating cavitation from laser-illuminated nano-particles 激光照射纳米粒子的成核空化
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1897823
C. Farny, Tianmin Wu, R. G. Holt, T. Murray, Ronald A. Roy
{"title":"Nucleating cavitation from laser-illuminated nano-particles","authors":"C. Farny, Tianmin Wu, R. G. Holt, T. Murray, Ronald A. Roy","doi":"10.1121/1.1897823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1897823","url":null,"abstract":"Vapor bubble generation from laser-illuminated gold nano-particles has been investigated as a means of providing nucleation sites for cavitation induced by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Pulses from a 532-nm Nd:Yag laser were synchronized with a pulsed 1.1-MHz HIFU source in an acrylamide phantom seeded with 82-nm-diameter gold particles. Emissions from bubble collapses were detected by a 15-MHz focused transducer at a laser pulse energy and HIFU focal pressure of 0.10 mJ and 0.92 MPa, respectively. In comparison, a HIFU peak focal pressure of 4.50 MPa was required to nucleate detectable cavitation without laser illumination.","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"14 1","pages":"138-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87781975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 87
Monitoring bubble growth in supersaturated blood and tissue ex vivo and the relevance to marine mammal bioeffects 体外监测过饱和血液和组织中的气泡生长及其与海洋哺乳动物生物效应的相关性
Acoustics research letters online : ARLO Pub Date : 2005-06-24 DOI: 10.1121/1.1930987
L. Crum, M. Bailey, J. Guan, Paul R. Hilmo, S. Kargl, T. Matula, O. Sapozhnikov
{"title":"Monitoring bubble growth in supersaturated blood and tissue ex vivo and the relevance to marine mammal bioeffects","authors":"L. Crum, M. Bailey, J. Guan, Paul R. Hilmo, S. Kargl, T. Matula, O. Sapozhnikov","doi":"10.1121/1.1930987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1930987","url":null,"abstract":"There have been several recent reports that active sonar systems can lead to serious bioeffects in marine mammals, particularly beaked whales, resulting in strandings, and in some cases, to their deaths. We have devised a series of experiments to determine the potential role of low-frequency acous- tic sources as a means to induce bubble nucleation and growth in supersatu- rated ex vivo bovine liver and kidney tissues, and blood. Bubble detection was achieved with a diagnostic ultrasound scanner. Under the conditions of this experiment, supersaturated tissues and blood led to extensive bubble produc- tion when exposed to short pulses of low frequency sound. right whales. 5 Although these cetaceans have not been associated with mass stranding events related to navy sonar systems, it is likely that other cetaceans will also undergo significant changes in behavior when subjected to high-intensity acoustic pulses. Rapid surfacing from a deep dive may lead to decompression sickness. In addition, it is known that exercising after diving can lead to decompression sickness in humans. 6 Analogously, abnormal extended activity resulting from sonar may induce decompression sickness in cetaceans. To address the role of direct bubble nucleation in tissue by a sound pulse, it is worthwhile to discuss the bioeffects induced by diagnostic ultrasound systems, used routinely worldwide to image the progress of healthy as well as pathological conditions in the human patient. It is no surprise, then, to recognize that ultrasound-induced bioeffects in human tissue have been studied extensively. To this date, no repeatable effects of diagnostic ultrasound exams have been reported in the general literature. This paucity of observable bioeffects was at first surprising because the acoustic pressure amplitudes used in imaging devices are in excess of the threshold for bubble nucleation and growth, i.e., cavitation—the most likely ultrasound-induced","PeriodicalId":87384,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics research letters online : ARLO","volume":"276 1","pages":"214-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73481759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
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